CAF Dowlah is a Visiting Scholar at Fordham University School of Law and a former Professor of Economics with the State and City University systems of New York for three decades. He holds a PhD and MA from University of Southern California, and an LLM from the University of Miami. His latest book: Economics and Financial Sanctions of the United States: Legal Perspectives (Cambridge, 2025).

• Introduction.- Indigenous Migrations and Settlements in the New World.- Spanish Migration and Colonization of the New World.- British Migration and Colonization of North America.- Forced Migrations of Africans to the New World.- Formative Century of U.S. Immigration Laws and Policies, 1790–1890.- Shifting Contours of U.S. Immigration Governance, 1890–1950.- Liberalization of U.S. Immigration Regime, 1950–1990.- Paradigmatic Shifts of U.S. Immigration Laws and Policies, 1990–2025.- Executive Overreach, Deportation State, Sanctuary Policies, and Second Trump Presidency.

CAF Dowlah is a Visiting Scholar at Fordham University School of Law and a former Professor of Economics with the State and City University systems of New York for three decades. He holds a PhD and MA from University of Southern California, and an LLM from the University of Miami. His latest book: Economics and Financial Sanctions of the United States: Legal Perspectives (Cambridge, 2025).

• Introduction.- Indigenous Migrations and Settlements in the New World.- Spanish Migration and Colonization of the New World.- British Migration and Colonization of North America.- Forced Migrations of Africans to the New World.- Formative Century of U.S. Immigration Laws and Policies, 1790–1890.- Shifting Contours of U.S. Immigration Governance, 1890–1950.- Liberalization of U.S. Immigration Regime, 1950–1990.- Paradigmatic Shifts of U.S. Immigration Laws and Policies, 1990–2025.- Executive Overreach, Deportation State, Sanctuary Policies, and Second Trump Presidency.

CAF Dowlah is a Visiting Scholar at Fordham University School of Law and a former Professor of Economics with the State and City University systems of New York for three decades. He holds a PhD and MA from University of Southern California, and an LLM from the University of Miami. His latest book: Economics and Financial Sanctions of the United States: Legal Perspectives (Cambridge, 2025).

• Introduction.- Indigenous Migrations and Settlements in the New World.- Spanish Migration and Colonization of the New World.- British Migration and Colonization of North America.- Forced Migrations of Africans to the New World.- Formative Century of U.S. Immigration Laws and Policies, 1790–1890.- Shifting Contours of U.S. Immigration Governance, 1890–1950.- Liberalization of U.S. Immigration Regime, 1950–1990.- Paradigmatic Shifts of U.S. Immigration Laws and Policies, 1990–2025.- Executive Overreach, Deportation State, Sanctuary Policies, and Second Trump Presidency.