Visar resultat för..."Springer Milan"

The Second Edition of The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology, like the First Edition, represents a collaborative effort by a multidisciplinary group of cytopathologists, surgical pathologists, molecular pathologists, radiologists, and head and neck surgeons. This international group shares the goal of creating a practical and uniform reporting system for salivary gland fine needle aspiration (FNA). This book is organized into six general diagnostic categories: “Non-Diagnostic,” “Non-Neoplastic,” “Atypia of Undetermined Significance (AUS),” “Neoplasm: Benign,” “Neoplasm: Salivary Gland Neoplasm of Uncertain Malignant Potential (SUMP),” “Suspicious for Malignancy,” and “Malignant.” It includes definitions, morphologic criteria, and explanations for each of the diagnostic categories.  Specific chapters are dedicated to the application of the latest available ancillary studies, radiologic features of salivary gland lesions, clinical management, and histological considerations including updates from the most recent 5th Edition WHO blue book. The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology 2nd Edition represents an essential step towards increasing the overall effectiveness of salivary gland FNA and fostering better communication between clinicians and between institutions to improve overall patient care.

This book explores the historical and contemporary relationships of Protestant Puritanism to political and social authoritarianism. It focuses on Puritanism’s original, subsequent and modern influences on and legacies in political democracy and civil society within historically Puritan Western societies, with emphasis on Great Britain and particularly America, from the 17th to the 21th century.The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Authoritarianism: Puritanism, Democracy and Society's importance and novelty lie in its original theoretical argument and empirical demonstration that Puritanism constitutes or reproduces political-social authoritarianism rather than liberal-secular political democracy and free civil society, contrary to the conventional wisdom in Puritan societies, especially America. The book’s methodological approach is thoroughly interdisciplinary by integrating methods, theories and data in sociology with those in other social sciences such as political science, history and economics. In addition, the book uses a comparative-historical method through comparisons of Western (and other) societies at various points of history in terms of the impact of Puritanism on authoritarianism.

As any human activity needs goals, mathematical research needs problems. —David Hilbert Mechanics is the paradise of mathematical sciences. —Leonardo da Vinci Mechanics and mathematics have been complementary partners since N- ton’s time, and the history of science shows much evidence of the bene?cial in?uence of these disciplines on each other. Driven by increasingly ela- rate modern technological applications, the symbiotic relationship between mathematics and mechanics is continually growing. However, the increasingly large number of specialist journals has generated a duality gap between the partners, and this gap is growing wider. Advances in Mechanics and Mathematics (AMMA) is intended to bridge the gap by providing multidisciplinary publications that fall into the two f- lowing complementary categories: 1. An annual book dedicated to the latest developments in mechanics and mathematics; 2. Monographs, advanced textbooks, handbooks, edited volumes, and selected conference proceedings. The AMMA annual book publishes invited and contributed compreh- sive research and survey articles within the broad area of modern mechanics and applied mathematics. The discipline of mechanics, for this series, includes relevantphysicalandbiologicalphenomenasuchas:electromagnetic,thermal, viii Series Preface and quantum e?ects, biomechanics, nanomechanics, multiscale modeling, - namical systems, optimization and control, and computation methods. - pecially encouraged are articles on mathematical and computational models and methods based on mechanics and their interactions with other ?elds. All contributions will be reviewed so as to guarantee the highest possible sci- ti?c standards. Each chapter will re?ect the most recent achievements in the area.

Greening Airports considers the “greening”, i.e., more sustainable development, of the entire air transport system – airports, air traffic control, and airlines – that could be achieved by the development and implementation of advanced operations and technologies.  A broad overview of the general concept is given at the start of Greening Airports, which then goes on to provide a system for monitoring and assessing the level of greening of both the air transport system and individual airports. These are followed by analysis and modelling of the potential effects of particular advanced operations and technologies on the greening of airports and their local airspace. These include:the development of a large airport into a multimodal transport node by connecting it to a high speed rail network;the use of operations supported by new and existing air traffic control technologies to increase landing capacity of existing runways;the use of liquid hydrogen as a commercial aviation fuel; andthe improvement of airport ground accessibility by a light rail rapid transit system.  Greening Airports is written for researchers, planners, operators and policy makers in air transport.

We have come to know that our ability to survive and grow as a nation to a very large degree depends upon our scientific progress. Moreover, it is not enough simply to keep abreast of the rest of the world in scientific matters. 1 We must maintain our leadership. President Harry Truman spoke those words in 1950, in the aftermath of World War II and in the midst of the Cold War. Indeed, the scientific and engineering leadership of the United States and its allies in the twentieth century played key roles in the successful outcomes of both World War II and the Cold War, sparing the world the twin horrors of fascism and totalitarian communism, and fueling the economic prosperity that followed. Today, as the United States and its allies once again find themselves at war, President Truman’s words ring as true as they did a half-century ago. The goal set out in the Truman Administration of maintaining leadership in science has remained the policy of the U.S. Government to this day: Dr. John Marburger, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology (OSTP) in the Executive Office of the President made remarks to that effect during his confirmation hearings in October 2 2001.

Advances in computing, communication and data storage have led to an increasing number of large digital libraries publicly available on the Internet. In addition to alphanumeric data, other modalities, including video, play an important role in these libraries. Ordinary techniques will not retrieve required information from the enormous mass of data stored in digital video libraries. Instead of words, a video retrieval system deals with collections of video records. Therefore, the system is confronted with the problem of video understanding. The system gathers key information from a video in order to allow users to query semantics instead of raw video data or video features. Users expect tools that automatically understand and manipulate the video content in the same structured way as a traditional database manages numeric and textual data. Consequently, content-based search and retrieval of video data becomes a challenging and important problem. This book focuses particularly on content-based video retrieval.After addressing basic concepts and techniques in the field, Content-Based Video Retrieval: A database perspective concentrates on the semantic gap problem - the problem of inferring semantics from raw video data, as the main problem of content-based video retrieval. This book identifies and proposes the integrated use of three different techniques to bridge the semantic gap, namely, spatio-temporal formalization methods, hidden Markov models, and dynamic Bayesian networks. As the problem is approached from a database perspective, the emphasis evolves from a database management system into a video database management system. This system allows a user to retrieve the desired video sequence among voluminous amounts of video data in an efficient and semantically meaningful way. This book also presents a modelling framework and a prototype of a content-based video management system that integrates the three methods and provides efficient, flexible and scalable content-based video retrieval. The proposed approach is validated in the domain of sport videos for which some experimental results are presented."Content-Based Video Retrieval: A Database Perspective" is designed for a professional audience, composed of researchers and practitioners in industry. The book should also be of use as a secondary text for graduate-level students in computer science and electrical engineering.

Anthropogenic influences to the earth's system, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, cryosphere and lithosphere, represent a serious challenge to our planet's ecosystems and natural environments. Bioclimatology, hydrology, bio-hydrology and eco-physiology are important scientific research areas with wide application to environmental protection, forestry, agriculture and water management, and protection against natural hazards including droughts, floods, windstorms, weather extremes, and wild fires. Bioclimatology helps to better understand the causes and impacts of natural hazards and how to prevent them. Improved knowledge of natural hazards is a vital prerequisite for the implementation of integrated resource management. It provides a useful framework for combating current climate variability and for adapting to ongoing climate change.This book presents research on the interactions between meteorological, climatological, hydrological and biological processes in the atmospheric and terrestrial environment. It highlights a spectrum of topics associated with climate change and weather extremes and their impact on different economic sectors. The contributing authors come from renowned scientific research institutions and universities and specialise in issues of climate change, soil-plant-atmosphere interactions, hydrologic cycle, ecosystems, biosphere, and natural hazards.

Learning how to write C/C++ code is only the first step. To be a serious programmer, you need to understand the structure and purpose of the binary files produced by the compiler: object files, static libraries, shared libraries, and, of course, executables. Advanced C and C++ Compiling explains the build process in detail and shows how to integrate code from other developers in the form of deployed libraries as well as how to resolve issues and potential mismatches between your own and external code trees. With the proliferation of open source, understanding these issues is increasingly the responsibility of the individual programmer. Advanced C and C++ Compiling brings all of the information needed to move from intermediate to expert programmer together in one place -- an engineering guide on the topic of C/C++ binaries to help you get the most accurate and pertinent information in the quickest possible time.

This book explores the historical and contemporary relationships of Protestant Puritanism to political and social authoritarianism. It focuses on Puritanism’s original, subsequent and modern influences on and legacies in political democracy and civil society within historically Puritan Western societies, with emphasis on Great Britain and particularly America, from the 17th to the 21th century.The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Authoritarianism: Puritanism, Democracy and Society's importance and novelty lie in its original theoretical argument and empirical demonstration that Puritanism constitutes or reproduces political-social authoritarianism rather than liberal-secular political democracy and free civil society, contrary to the conventional wisdom in Puritan societies, especially America. The book’s methodological approach is thoroughly interdisciplinary by integrating methods, theories and data in sociology with those in other social sciences such as political science, history and economics. In addition, the book uses a comparative-historical method through comparisons of Western (and other) societies at various points of history in terms of the impact of Puritanism on authoritarianism.

This book focuses particularly on content-based video retrieval. After addressing basic concepts and techniques in the field, Content-Based Video Retrieval: A Database Perspective concentrates on the semantic gap problem, i.e., the problem of inferring semantics from raw video data, as the main problem of content-based video retrieval. This book identifies and proposes the integrated use of three different techniques to bridge the semantic gap, namely, spatio-temporal formalization methods, hidden Markov models, and dynamic Bayesian networks. As the problem is approached from a database perspective, the emphasis evolves from a database management system into a video database management system. This system allows a user to retrieve the desired video sequence among voluminous amounts of video data in an efficient and semantically meaningful way. This book also presents a modeling framework and a prototype of a content-based video management system that integrates the three methods and provides efficient, flexible, and scalable content-based video retrieval. The proposed approach is validated in the domain of sport videos for which some experimental results are presented.

Here is an historical overview and analysis of the Enlightenment's influence on modern democratic societies, modern culture, political science, civil society and the economy. Explores counter-Enlightenment, Post-Enlightenment and Neo-Enlightenment philosophies.

Greening Airports considers the “greening”, i.e., more sustainable development, of the entire air transport system – airports, air traffic control, and airlines – that could be achieved by the development and implementation of advanced operations and technologies.  A broad overview of the general concept is given at the start of Greening Airports, which then goes on to provide a system for monitoring and assessing the level of greening of both the air transport system and individual airports. These are followed by analysis and modelling of the potential effects of particular advanced operations and technologies on the greening of airports and their local airspace. These include:the development of a large airport into a multimodal transport node by connecting it to a high speed rail network;the use of operations supported by new and existing air traffic control technologies to increase landing capacity of existing runways;the use of liquid hydrogen as a commercial aviation fuel; andthe improvement of airport ground accessibility by a light rail rapid transit system.  Greening Airports is written for researchers, planners, operators and policy makers in air transport.

This book provides a systematic analysis, modeling and evaluation of the performance of advanced transport systems. It offers an innovative approach by presenting a multidimensional examination of the performance of advanced transport systems and transport modes, useful for both theoretical and practical purposes. Advanced transport systems for the twenty-first century are characterized by the superiority of one or several of their infrastructural, technical/technological, operational, economic, environmental, social and policy performances as compared to their conventional counterparts. The advanced transport systems considered include: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) systems in urban area(s), electric and fuel cell passenger cars, high speed tilting trains, High Speed Rail (HSR), Trans Rapid Maglev (TRM), Evacuated Tube Transport system (ETT), advanced commercial subsonic and Supersonic Transport Aircraft (STA), conventionally- and Liquid Hydrogen (LH2)-fuelled commercial air transportation, advanced Air Traffic Control (ATC) technologies and procedures for increasing the airport runway capacity, Underground Freight Transport (UFT) systems in urban area(s), Long Intermodal Freight Train(s) (LIFTs), road mega trucks, large advanced container ships and freight/cargo aircraft and advanced freight/goods collection distribution networks. This book is intended for postgraduates, researchers, professionals and policy makers working in the transport industry.

This book provides a systematic analysis, modeling and evaluation of the performance of advanced transport systems. It offers an innovative approach by presenting a multidimensional examination of the performance of advanced transport systems and transport modes, useful for both theoretical and practical purposes. Advanced transport systems for the twenty-first century are characterized by the superiority of one or several of their infrastructural, technical/technological, operational, economic, environmental, social and policy performances as compared to their conventional counterparts. The advanced transport systems considered include: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) systems in urban area(s), electric and fuel cell passenger cars, high speed tilting trains, High Speed Rail (HSR), Trans Rapid Maglev (TRM), Evacuated Tube Transport system (ETT), advanced commercial subsonic and Supersonic Transport Aircraft (STA), conventionally- and Liquid Hydrogen (LH2)-fuelled commercial air transportation, advanced Air Traffic Control (ATC) technologies and procedures for increasing the airport runway capacity, Underground Freight Transport (UFT) systems in urban area(s), Long Intermodal Freight Train(s) (LIFTs), road mega trucks, large advanced container ships and freight/cargo aircraft and advanced freight/goods collection distribution networks. This book is intended for postgraduates, researchers, professionals and policy makers working in the transport industry.

Convexity of sets in linear spaces, and concavity and convexity of functions, lie at the root of beautiful theoretical results that are at the same time extremely useful in the analysis and solution of optimization problems, including problems of either single objective or multiple objectives. Not all of these results rely necessarily on convexity and concavity; some of the results can guarantee that each local optimum is also a global optimum, giving these methods broader application to a wider class of problems. Hence, the focus of the first part of the book is concerned with several types of generalized convex sets and generalized concave functions. In addition to their applicability to nonconvex optimization, these convex sets and generalized concave functions are used in the book's second part, where decision-making and optimization problems under uncertainty are investigated. Uncertainty in the problem data often cannot be avoided when dealing with practical problems. Errors occur in real-world data for a host of reasons. However, over the last thirty years, the fuzzy set approach has proved to be useful in these situations. It is this approach to optimization under uncertainty that is extensively used and studied in the second part of this book. Typically, the membership functions of fuzzy sets involved in such problems are neither concave nor convex. They are, however, often quasiconcave or concave in some generalized sense. This opens possibilities for application of results on generalized concavity to fuzzy optimization. Despite this obvious relation, applying the interface of these two areas has been limited to date. It is hoped that the combination of ideas and results from the field of generalized concavity on the one hand and fuzzy optimization on the other hand outlined and discussed in Generalized Concavity in Fuzzy Optimization and Decision Analysis will be of interest to both communities. Our aimis to broaden the classes of problems that the combination of these two areas can satisfactorily address and solve.

The Symposium on Membrane Processes in Industry and Biomedicine has been held under the sponsorship of the Division of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry at the 160th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Chicago, Illinois, September 16 and 17, 1970. Its pri­ mary objective has been to spotlight some of the current directions of research in this rapidly growing field. There is at present considerable enthusiasm in membrane research, and the expectations are running high. This is partially due to the fact that basic concepts on which membrane processes are based are so deceptively simple. Moreover, all of us are living proofs of their potential efficiency. Our lungs and kidneys, skin and intestines are examples of membrane devices for gaseous and liquid separations, exchanges, and concentration. Even on a molecular level, life as we know is inconceivable without cell membranes and cell organs, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, which appear to function as mem­ brane regulated mini-factories for some of the most important and com­ plex chemical syntheses in our bodies.

Here is an historical overview and analysis of the Enlightenment's influence on modern democratic societies, modern culture, political science, civil society and the economy. Explores counter-Enlightenment, Post-Enlightenment and Neo-Enlightenment philosophies.

Advances in Mechanics and Mathematics (AMMA) is intended to bridge the gap by providing multidisciplinary publications that fall into the two f- lowing complementary categories: 1. The AMMA annual book publishes invited and contributed compreh- sive research and survey articles within the broad area of modern mechanics and applied mathematics.

Probabilistic Conditional Independence Structures provides the mathematical description of probabilistic conditional independence structures; the author uses non-graphical methods of their description, and takes an algebraic approach. The monograph presents the methods of structural imsets and supermodular functions, and deals with independence implication and equivalence of structural imsets. Motivation, mathematical foundations and areas of application are included, and a rough overview of graphical methods is also given. In particular, the author has been careful to use suitable terminology, and presents the work so that it will be understood by both statisticians, and by researchers in artificial intelligence. The necessary elementary mathematical notions are recalled in an appendix.

Probabilistic Conditional Independence Structures provides the mathematical description of probabilistic conditional independence structures; the author uses non-graphical methods of their description, and takes an algebraic approach. The monograph presents the methods of structural imsets and supermodular functions, and deals with independence implication and equivalence of structural imsets. Motivation, mathematical foundations and areas of application are included, and a rough overview of graphical methods is also given. In particular, the author has been careful to use suitable terminology, and presents the work so that it will be understood by both statisticians, and by researchers in artificial intelligence. The necessary elementary mathematical notions are recalled in an appendix.

This book is a collection of multidisciplinary papers presented at the Department of Physics of Milan University's congress on 28 and 29 June 2017, which was also intended as a kick-off meeting for the design of a novel science campus at the Expo site in Milan. The congress presented a snapshot of the department's research to the academic community, the media, policymakers and authorities as well as the public at large, and also provided an opportunity to strengthen interdisciplinary collaborations between the members of the department and other communities. This book is a valuable resource for scientists looking for synergetic projects, policymakers wanting to grasp scientists' points of view and for prospective graduate students seeking expanding areas of research.

This book seeks to promote the exploitation of data science in healthcare systems. The focus is on advancing the automated analytical methods used to extract new knowledge from data for healthcare applications. To do so, the book draws on several interrelated disciplines, including machine learning, big data analytics, statistics, pattern recognition, computer vision, and Semantic Web technologies, and focuses on their direct application to healthcare.Building on three tutorial-like chapters on data science in healthcare, the following eleven chapters highlight success stories on the application of data science in healthcare, where data science and artificial intelligence technologies have proven to be very promising.This book is primarily intended for data scientists involved in the healthcare or medical sector. By reading this book, they will gain essential insights into the modern data science technologies needed to advance innovation for both healthcare businesses and patients. A basic grasp of data science is recommended in order to fully benefit from this book.

The book covers the topic of the role of public sector in the economic and territorial development across several dimensions of spatial planning, e.g. theoretical-methodological (planning cultures, leadership), executive (regional policies, services of general interest), sectoral (energy, tourism, air-quality) or social (social innovation, preservation of cultural heritage). The book delivers up-to date knowledge build on interactions between representatives of different stakeholders of economic and territorial development with the research represented by renowned experts and academicians. This is mirrored in the content of the book, delivering in a consistent form the conceptual explanations combined with the examples of the role of the public sector in fostering the local economies within the frame of spatial planning. The book reflects and transfers the expert knowledge which has been generated during more than a decade of scientific and research activities of Spa-ce.net.Presents a comprehensive view on different aspects of the involvement of public sector in the local and regional spatial development;Includes a combination of macro-regionally specific perspectives with the generalized knowledge;Provides knowledge from various researchers from prestigious European scientific and research teams.

This book covers the analysis, modelling, planning, and design of airport landside access modes and their systems.

This book reports on topics at the interface between manufacturing, mechanical and chemical engineering. It gives special emphasis to CAD/CAE systems, information management systems, advanced numerical simulation methods and computational modeling techniques, and their use in product design, industrial process optimization and in the study of the properties of solids, structures, and fluids. Control theory, ICT for engineering education as well as ecological design, and food technologies are also among the topics discussed in the book. Based on the 2nd International Conference on Design, Simulation, Manufacturing: The Innovation Exchange (DSMIE-2019), held on June 11-14, 2019, in Lutsk, Ukraine, the book provides academics and professionals with a timely overview and extensive information on trends and technologies behind current and future developments of Industry 4.0, innovative design and renewable energy generation.

This guide brings thought leaders and master clinicians together to share their wisdom and expertise regarding clinical decisions surrounding unilateral and bilateral vocal fold paralysis. Designed as a what- to-do and why as opposed to a how-to guide, the authors detail the reasoning process from work up, through intervention, to post-treatment decision making. The text is organized around decision points in the management of vocal fold paralysis such as decisions in regard to timing, intervention, implants, reinnervation, drugs, voice therapy, and post-operative care. Individual chapters focus on specific steps in the process of evaluation and treatment, explore the decisions that can and should be made, and provide answers and direction for the reader.  Authors explain the issues around the decision point and use their considerable experience to offer their opinion and as well as the thought process behind it. Decision Makingin Vocal Fold Paralysis will be a useful guide for practitioners that deal with vocal fold paralysis, including otolaryngologists, general surgeons, neurologists, speech language pathologists, primary care physicians, and oncologists.

This guide brings thought leaders and master clinicians together to share their wisdom and expertise regarding clinical decisions surrounding unilateral and bilateral vocal fold paralysis.