Christoph Lossen - Böcker

This volume surveys important topics in singularity theory, with a particular focus on computational aspects of the subject. The contributors to this volume include R. O. Buchweitz, Y. A. Drozd, W. Ebeling, H. A. Hamm, Le D. T., I. Luengo, F.-O. Schreyer, E. Shustin, J. H. M. Steenbrink, D. van Straten, B. Teissier and J. Wahl. Together they describe the development of various areas of singularity theory over many years, and a range of open questions are discussed. Research workers in singularity theory, computer algebra or related subjects will find that this book contains a wealth of valuable information.

Singular algebraic curves have been in the focus of study in algebraic geometry from the very beginning, and till now remain a subject of an active research related to many modern developments in algebraic geometry, symplectic geometry, and tropical geometry. The monograph suggests a unified approach to the geometry of singular algebraic curves on algebraic surfaces and their families, which applies to arbitrary singularities, allows one to treat all main questions concerning the geometry of  equisingular families of curves, and, finally, leads to  results which can be viewed as the best possible in a reasonable sense. Various methods of the cohomology vanishing theory as well as the patchworking construction with its modifications will be of a special interest for experts in algebraic geometry and singularity theory. The introductory chapters on zero-dimensional schemes and global deformation theory can well serve as a material for special courses and seminars for graduate and post-graduate students.Geometry in general plays a leading role in modern mathematics, and algebraic geometry is the most advanced area of research in geometry. In turn, algebraic curves for more than one century have been  the central subject of algebraic geometry both in fundamental theoretic questions and in applications to other fields of mathematics and mathematical physics.  Particularly, the local and global study of  singular algebraic curves involves a variety of methods and deep ideas from geometry, analysis, algebra, combinatorics and suggests a number of hard classical and newly appeared problems which inspire further development in this research area.

In the second edition we do not only correct errors, update references and improve some of the proofs of the text of the first edition, but also add a new chapter on singularities in arbitrary characteristic. We give an overview of several aspects of singularities of algebraic varieties and formal power series defined over a field of arbitrary characteristic (algebraically closed or not). Almost all of the results presented here appeared after the publication of the first edition and some results are new. In particular, we treat, in arbitrary characteristic, the classical invariants of hypersurface singularities, and we review results on the equisingularity of plane curve singularities, on the classification of parametrizations of plane branches, and on hypersurface and complete intersection singularities with small moduli. Moreover, we discuss and prove determinacy and semicontinuity results of families of ideals and matrices of power series parametrized by an arbitrary Noether base scheme, which are used to prove open loci properties for several singularity invariants. The semicontinuity has surprising applications in the computation of local standard bases of zero dimensional ideals, which are by magnitudes faster than previously known methods. The chapter contains two appendices. One is by Dmitry Kerner on large submodules within group orbits, which relates to determinacy criteria for singularities in very general contexts. It is focused on methods applicable to a broad class of fields of arbitrary characteristic, while before the theory was mainly restricted to zero characteristic. The second appendix is by Ilya Tyomkin and deals with the geometry of Severi varieties, mainly on toric varieties. It discusses the breakthrough solution to the problem on the irreducibility of Severi varieties of the plane in arbitrary characteristic, with a focus on the characteristic free approach based on tropical geometry. We try to be self-contained and give proofs whenever possible. However, due to the amount of material, this is not always possible, and we then give precise references to the original sources.

This book provides a quick access to computational tools for algebraic geometry, the mathematical discipline which handles solution sets of polynomial equations. Originating from a number of intense one week schools taught by the authors, the text is designed so as to provide a step by step introduction which enables the reader to get started with his own computational experiments right away. The authors present the basic concepts and ideas in a compact way.

Singularity theory is a field of intensive study in modern mathematics with fascinating relations to algebraic geometry, complex analysis, commutative algebra, representation theory, theory of Lie groups, topology, dynamical systems, and many more, and with numerous applications in the natural and technical sciences.This book presents the basic singularity theory of analytic spaces, including local deformation theory, and the theory of plane curve singularities. Plane curve singularities are a classical object of study, rich of ideas and applications, which still is in the center of current research and as such provides an ideal introduction to the general theory. Deformation theory is an important technique in many branches of contemporary algebraic geometry and complex analysis. This introductory text provides the general framework of the theory while still remaining concrete. In the first part of the book the authors develop the relevant techniques, including the Weierstraß preparation theorem, the finite coherence theorem etc., and then treat isolated hypersurface singularities, notably the finite determinacy, classification of simple singularities and topological and analytic invariants. In local deformation theory, emphasis is laid on the issues of versality, obstructions, and equisingular deformations. The book moreover contains a new treatment of equisingular deformations of plane curve singularities including a proof for the smoothness of the mu-constant stratum which is based on deformations of the parameterization. Computational aspects of the theory are discussed as well. Three appendices, including basic facts from sheaf theory, commutative algebra, and formal deformation theory, make the reading self-contained.The material, which can be found partly in other books and partly in research articles, is presented from a unified point of view for the first time. It is given with complete proofs, new in many cases. The book thuscan serve as source for special courses in singularity theory and local algebraic and analytic geometry.