Cristina Flesher Fominaya – författare

In Democracy Reloaded, Cristina Flesher Fominaya tells the story of one of the most influential social movements of recent times: Spain's "Indignados" or "15-M" movement that took to the streets of Spain on May 15, 2011 with the rallying cry "Real Democracy Now! We are not commodities in the hands of bankers and politicians!" Based on access to key participants in the 15-M movement and Podemos and extensive participant observation, Flesher Fominaya tells a provocative and original story of this remarkable movement, its emergence, evolution, and impact. In so doing, she argues that in times of global economic and democratic crisis, movements organized around autonomous network logics can build and sustain strong movements in the absence of formal organizations, strong professionalized leadership, and the ability to attract external resources. Further, she challenges explanations for success that rest on the mobilizing power of social media. Through in-depth analysis of the month long occupation of Madrid's Puerta del Sol, and subsequent 15-M mobilization, Democracy Reloaded shows how the experience of the protest camp revitalized pre-existing networks, forged bonds of solidarity, and gave birth to a new movement that went on to influence public debate and the political agenda, in Spain and beyond.

In Democracy Reloaded, Cristina Flesher Fominaya tells the story of one of the most influential social movements of recent times: Spain's "Indignados" or "15-M" movement that took to the streets of Spain on May 15, 2011 with the rallying cry "Real Democracy Now! We are not commodities in the hands of bankers and politicians!" Based on access to key participants in the 15-M movement and Podemos and extensive participant observation, Flesher Fominaya tells a provocative and original story of this remarkable movement, its emergence, evolution, and impact. In so doing, she argues that in times of global economic and democratic crisis, movements organized around autonomous network logics can build and sustain strong movements in the absence of formal organizations, strong professionalized leadership, and the ability to attract external resources. Further, she challenges explanations for success that rest on the mobilizing power of social media. Through in-depth analysis of the month long occupation of Madrid's Puerta del Sol, and subsequent 15-M mobilization, Democracy Reloaded shows how the experience of the protest camp revitalized pre-existing networks, forged bonds of solidarity, and gave birth to a new movement that went on to influence public debate and the political agenda, in Spain and beyond.

Following the subprime lending crisis and the financial market crash of 2008-9, governments throughout Europe implemented a series of debt reduction measures collectively known as austerity. Across the continent, citizens and social movements mobilized dramatically against these measures, calling strikes, occupying public squares, and developing new forms of political action. These movements challenged the political and economic elite consensus that there was no alternative to cutting spending, and protecting the financial industry at the expense of the public sector; they also challenged the political systems that gave rise to these measures and assumptions, demanding democratic renewal, and imagining new modes of citizenship and political participation. In order to better understand this wave of protest – its common themes, its local contexts, its ideas and its actions – this collection brings together leading scholars in the field to provide a series of theoretically grounded, empirically rich analyses of Europe's anti-austerity mobilizations. This book was originally published as a special issue of Social Movement Studies.

This book offers an interdisciplinary set of contributions from leading scholars, and explores the complex relationship between media, technology and social movements. It provides a valuable resource for scholars and students working in this rapidly developing field.Providing theoretical engagement with contemporary debates in the field of social movements and new media, the book also includes a theoretical overview of central contemporary debates, a re-evaluation of theories of social movement communication, and a critical overview of media ecology and media approaches in social movement scholarship. The theoretical contributions are also developed though empirical case studies from around the world, including the use of Facebook in student protests in the UK, the way power operates in Anonymous, the "politics of mundanity" in China, the emotional dynamics on Twitter of India’s Nirbhaya protest, and analysis of Twitter networks in the transnational feminist campaign ‘Take Back The Tech!’. This book was originally published as a special issue of Social Movement Studies.

European social movements have been central to European history, politics, society and culture, and have had a global reach and impact. Yet they have rarely been taken on their own terms in the English-language literature, considered rather as counterpoints to the US experience. This has been exacerbated by the failure of Anglophone social movement theorists to pay attention to the substantial literatures in languages such as French, German, Spanish or Italian – and by the increasing global dominance of English in the production of news and other forms of media.This book sets out to take the European social movement experience seriously on its own terms, including: the European tradition of social movement theorising – particularly in its attempt to understand movement development from the 1960s onwardsthe extent to which European movements between 1968 and 1999 became precursors for the contemporary anti-globalisation movementthe construction of the anti-capitalist "movement of movements" within the European settingthe new anti-austerity protests in Iceland, Greece, Spain (15-M/Indignados), and elsewhere.This book offers a comprehensive, interdisciplinary perspective on the key European social movements in the past forty years. It will be of interest for students and scholars of politics and international relations, sociology, history, European studies and social theory.

European social movements have become increasingly visible in recent years, generating intense public debates. From anti-austerity and pro-democracy movements to right-wing nationalist movements, these movements expose core conflicts around European democracy, identity, politics and society. The Routledge Handbook of Contemporary European Social Movements offers a comprehensive interdisciplinary overview of the analysis of European social movements, helping to orient scholars and students navigating a rapidly evolving field while developing a new agenda for research in the area. The book is divided into eight sections: Visions of Europe; Contemporary models of democracy; Historical evolution of major European movements; Feminism and sexualities; Movement diffusion within and beyond Europe; Anti-austerity movements; Technopolitical and media movements; and Movements, parties and movement-parties. Key theories and empirical trajectories of core movements, their central issues, debates and impacts are covered, with a focus on how these have influenced and been influenced by their European context. Democracy, and how social movements understand it, renew it, or undermine it, forms a core thread that runs through the book.Written in a clear and direct style, the Handbook provides a key resource for students and scholars hoping to understand the key debates and innovations unfolding in the heart of European social movements and how these affect broader debates on such areas as democracy, human rights, the right to the city, feminism, neoliberalism, nationalism, migration and European values, identity and politics. Extensive references and sources will direct readers to areas of further study.

This interdisciplinary book draws on leading scholarship on one of the most influential and consequential social movements of the past decades: Spain’s 15-M movement. The volume explores the legacy, impact and outcomes of the movement, and the lessons it offers for understanding mobilization in times of crisis.The book opens with a theoretical reconsideration of the positive ways social movements can impact democracy, moving the field forward significantly. It also offers rich case studies to explore a range of areas of interest to social movement scholars. Chapters explore the biographical consequences of participation in social movements; how memories of the movement inspired new mobilizations; the reciprocal influence between the 15-M movement and feminist economics; how urban democracy was transformed by municipalism arising from the movement; how the movement generated a “Caring democracy” in the face of the Covid pandemic; and how it gave rise to a new radical democratic media ecosystem. The book explores the movement’s political economy as well as reflects on one of its unintended consequences: the rise of the penalization of counter-hegemonic protest in contemporary Spain. Although focused on a single emblematic movement, it offers significant insights and lessons for scholarship on contemporary politics and movements.Re-imagining Democracy provides a valuable resource for scholars and students interested in the challenges faced by contemporary democracies, the dynamics of social movements in times of crisis, and the profound impact of social movements on contemporary democracy. The chapters in this book were originally published as a peer-reviewed special issue of Social Movement Studies.

This interdisciplinary book draws on leading scholarship on one of the most influential and consequential social movements of the past decades: Spain’s 15-M movement. The volume explores the legacy, impact and outcomes of the movement, and the lessons it offers for understanding mobilization in times of crisis.The book opens with a theoretical reconsideration of the positive ways social movements can impact democracy, moving the field forward significantly. It also offers rich case studies to explore a range of areas of interest to social movement scholars. Chapters explore the biographical consequences of participation in social movements; how memories of the movement inspired new mobilizations; the reciprocal influence between the 15-M movement and feminist economics; how urban democracy was transformed by municipalism arising from the movement; how the movement generated a “Caring democracy” in the face of the Covid pandemic; and how it gave rise to a new radical democratic media ecosystem. The book explores the movement’s political economy as well as reflects on one of its unintended consequences: the rise of the penalization of counter-hegemonic protest in contemporary Spain. Although focused on a single emblematic movement, it offers significant insights and lessons for scholarship on contemporary politics and movements.Re-imagining Democracy provides a valuable resource for scholars and students interested in the challenges faced by contemporary democracies, the dynamics of social movements in times of crisis, and the profound impact of social movements on contemporary democracy. The chapters in this book were originally published as a peer-reviewed special issue of Social Movement Studies.

This book explores the profound transformations brought about by the datafication of society, and reflects on the implications this has for activism, social movements, and contentious politics.The result is a collection of chapters that advance the field of social movement studies theoretically and empirically, enabling us to better understand these transformations and offering a vocabulary and conceptual apparatus that facilitates a truly interdisciplinary dialogue. Through rich case studies, empirical examples, novel insights, and provocative reflections, the book serves as an invitation for scholars and activists to reflect on the theoretical, empirical, methodological and ethical implications of the datafied society, and its consequences for social movement activism.The volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of social movements, political science, social anthropology, and ethnography. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Social Movement Studies.

This book explores the profound transformations brought about by the datafication of society, and reflects on the implications this has for activism, social movements, and contentious politics.The result is a collection of chapters that advance the field of social movement studies theoretically and empirically, enabling us to better understand these transformations and offering a vocabulary and conceptual apparatus that facilitates a truly interdisciplinary dialogue. Through rich case studies, empirical examples, novel insights, and provocative reflections, the book serves as an invitation for scholars and activists to reflect on the theoretical, empirical, methodological and ethical implications of the datafied society, and its consequences for social movement activism.The volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of social movements, political science, social anthropology, and ethnography. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Social Movement Studies.

Social movement scholarship has been dominated, until recently, by work on progressive movements. Yet as far-right agendas, narratives, and actors increasingly occupy public space, it is important to recognize, make visible, and understand the important role of grassroots far-right mobilization in facilitating this rise. This book showcases recent scholarship on mobilization for and against the far-right in Europe and the USA, fills in gaps in empirical knowledge on right-wing mobilization, and serves as a means through which to test the robustness of existing social movement theory.Rich case studies covering mobilizing and countermobilizing in Czech Republic, Egypt, France, Germany, Italy, Slovakia, Turkey, Tunisia, the UK, and the USA offer novel insights into this understudied area of political contention. Contributors follow a diverse range of approaches and lines of inquiry, meaning that readers will come away not only with a better picture of the dynamics of right-wing mobilization but also with a robust understanding of key areas of social movement scholarship. This book will be of interest to anyone wanting to better understand the rise of far-right movements, their role in contemporary contentious politics, and grassroots efforts to contest them.The chapters in this book were originally published in Social Movement Studies.

Social movement scholarship has been dominated, until recently, by work on progressive movements. Yet as far-right agendas, narratives, and actors increasingly occupy public space, it is important to recognize, make visible, and understand the important role of grassroots far-right mobilization in facilitating this rise. This book showcases recent scholarship on mobilization for and against the far-right in Europe and the USA, fills in gaps in empirical knowledge on right-wing mobilization, and serves as a means through which to test the robustness of existing social movement theory.Rich case studies covering mobilizing and countermobilizing in Czech Republic, Egypt, France, Germany, Italy, Slovakia, Turkey, Tunisia, the UK, and the USA offer novel insights into this understudied area of political contention. Contributors follow a diverse range of approaches and lines of inquiry, meaning that readers will come away not only with a better picture of the dynamics of right-wing mobilization but also with a robust understanding of key areas of social movement scholarship. This book will be of interest to anyone wanting to better understand the rise of far-right movements, their role in contemporary contentious politics, and grassroots efforts to contest them.The chapters in this book were originally published in Social Movement Studies.

This book showcases cutting-edge research on protest and mobilization dynamics during the global COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic posed significant challenges for social movements while simultaneously triggering impactful mobilizations centered on the origins, policies, and politics of the pandemic.Through a rich analysis of social movement dynamics, the book offers insights into COVID-specific protests and explores how global crises can reshape mobilization at local, national, and transnational levels. It highlights how crises can exacerbate polarization but also foster new alliances rooted in solidarity and mutual aid. The collected articles examine three key dimensions of mobilization during the pandemic: anti-lockdown protests, the legacies and innovations of solidarity activism, and the challenges and opportunities faced by existing movements. Drawing on case studies from four continents—Europe, America, Asia, and Australia—the book employs diverse methodologies and spans ideological orientations from far-right to progressive movements.This book is an essential resource for students, scholars and practitioners in the fields of sociology, political science, social movement studies, and global studies. It will also appeal to activists and policymakers interested in understanding the dynamics of protest and mobilization during times of crisis.The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Social Movement Studies.

This book brings together a compelling collection of articles that delve into the multifaceted dimensions of feminist and LGBTQ organizing within contemporary social movements.Through an array of case studies spanning diverse countries and continents—including South Africa, India, China, Taiwan, Italy, Spain, Rwanda, Canada, Switzerland, Scotland, and the United States—the volume examines the complex and sometimes contradictory dynamics of emotions, the body, and intersectionality in feminist and LGBTQ movements. The anthology also addresses pressing contemporary issues in feminist and LGBTQ mobilization, such as transgender grassroots organizing and gestational surrogacy, alongside themes like strategy, repertoires of action, and collective memory. By exploring mobilizing dynamics in both authoritarian and democratic contexts, the collection sheds light on a wide range of feminist issues, including women’s health, marriage equality, body politics, and LGBTQ advocacy.This book is an essential resource for students, scholars, activists and practitioners engaged in the fields of gender studies, sociology, political science, and social movement studies. It will particularly appeal to those interested in feminist and LGBTQ activism, intersectionality, and the evolving strategies of grassroots organizing across diverse cultural and political landscapes.The chapters in this book were originally published in Social Movement Studies.

European social movements have been central to European history, politics, society and culture, and have had a global reach and impact. Yet they have rarely been taken on their own terms in the English-language literature, considered rather as counterpoints to the US experience. This has been exacerbated by the failure of Anglophone social movement theorists to pay attention to the substantial literatures in languages such as French, German, Spanish or Italian – and by the increasing global dominance of English in the production of news and other forms of media.This book sets out to take the European social movement experience seriously on its own terms, including: the European tradition of social movement theorising – particularly in its attempt to understand movement development from the 1960s onwardsthe extent to which European movements between 1968 and 1999 became precursors for the contemporary anti-globalisation movementthe construction of the anti-capitalist "movement of movements" within the European settingthe new anti-austerity protests in Iceland, Greece, Spain (15-M/Indignados), and elsewhere.This book offers a comprehensive, interdisciplinary perspective on the key European social movements in the past forty years. It will be of interest for students and scholars of politics and international relations, sociology, history, European studies and social theory.

This book offers an interdisciplinary set of contributions from leading scholars, and explores the complex relationship between media, technology and social movements. It provides a valuable resource for scholars and students working in this rapidly developing field.Providing theoretical engagement with contemporary debates in the field of social movements and new media, the book also includes a theoretical overview of central contemporary debates, a re-evaluation of theories of social movement communication, and a critical overview of media ecology and media approaches in social movement scholarship. The theoretical contributions are also developed though empirical case studies from around the world, including the use of Facebook in student protests in the UK, the way power operates in Anonymous, the "politics of mundanity" in China, the emotional dynamics on Twitter of India’s Nirbhaya protest, and analysis of Twitter networks in the transnational feminist campaign ‘Take Back The Tech!’. This book was originally published as a special issue of Social Movement Studies.

European social movements have become increasingly visible in recent years, generating intense public debates. From anti-austerity and pro-democracy movements to right-wing nationalist movements, these movements expose core conflicts around European democracy, identity, politics and society. The Routledge Handbook of Contemporary European Social Movements offers a comprehensive interdisciplinary overview of the analysis of European social movements, helping to orient scholars and students navigating a rapidly evolving field while developing a new agenda for research in the area. The book is divided into eight sections: Visions of Europe; Contemporary models of democracy; Historical evolution of major European movements; Feminism and sexualities; Movement diffusion within and beyond Europe; Anti-austerity movements; Technopolitical and media movements; and Movements, parties and movement-parties. Key theories and empirical trajectories of core movements, their central issues, debates and impacts are covered, with a focus on how these have influenced and been influenced by their European context. Democracy, and how social movements understand it, renew it, or undermine it, forms a core thread that runs through the book.Written in a clear and direct style, the Handbook provides a key resource for students and scholars hoping to understand the key debates and innovations unfolding in the heart of European social movements and how these affect broader debates on such areas as democracy, human rights, the right to the city, feminism, neoliberalism, nationalism, migration and European values, identity and politics. Extensive references and sources will direct readers to areas of further study.

Following the subprime lending crisis and the financial market crash of 2008-9, governments throughout Europe implemented a series of debt reduction measures collectively known as austerity. Across the continent, citizens and social movements mobilized dramatically against these measures, calling strikes, occupying public squares, and developing new forms of political action. These movements challenged the political and economic elite consensus that there was no alternative to cutting spending, and protecting the financial industry at the expense of the public sector; they also challenged the political systems that gave rise to these measures and assumptions, demanding democratic renewal, and imagining new modes of citizenship and political participation. In order to better understand this wave of protest – its common themes, its local contexts, its ideas and its actions – this collection brings together leading scholars in the field to provide a series of theoretically grounded, empirically rich analyses of Europe's anti-austerity mobilizations. This book was originally published as a special issue of Social Movement Studies.

As the world experiences social unrest, polarization, and faces complex challenges, citizens are taking to the squares and streets to demand change. From climate change protests to far-right extremism, social movements are mobilizing around the key social and political issues of our times. In this extensively revised and updated book, the author offers a cutting-edge and original analysis to generate new insights into 21st Century social movements in a globalized world.Written in clear and accessible language, this book will appeal to both students new to the field and established scholars. Drawing on a wealth of examples from around the world, from Anonymous and Occupy Wall Street to Wikileaks, the Tea Party, and the Zapatistas, it develops a compelling framework with which to understand the important role movements play in contemporary politics.This expanded and revised second edition includes a comprehensive overview of social movement theory, a new chapter on “Movements on the Right”, a wider discussion of Information and Communication Technologies and Media - including new sections on “hacktivism” and “leaktivism” -and up-to-date case studies and references.