George Y. Kohler – författare

Modern Jewish Theology is the first comprehensive collection of Jewish theological ideas from the pathbreaking nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, featuring selections from more than thirty of the most influential Jewish thinkers of the era as well as explorations of Judaism’s identity, uniqueness, and relevance; the origin of ethical monotheism; and the possibility of Jewish existentialism. These works-most translated for the first time into English by top scholars in modern Jewish history and philosophy-reveal how modern Jewish theology developed in concert with broader trends in Jewish intellectual and social modernization, especially scholarship (Wissenschaft des Judentums), politics (liberalism and Zionism), and religious practice (movement Judaism and the struggles to transcend denominational boundaries).This anthology thus opens to the English-language reader a true treasure house of source material from the formative years of modern Jewish thought, bringing together writings from the very first generations, who imagined biblical and rabbinic texts and modern scientific research would produce a synthetic view of God, Israel, and the world. A general introduction and chapter introductions guide students and nonspecialists through the key themes and transformations in modern Jewish theology, and extensive annotations immerse them in the latest scholarship.

Complete collection of Schwarzschild's essays on the neo-Kantian Jewish philosopher Hermann Cohen.Steven S. Schwarzschild (1924–1989) was arguably the leading expositor of German-Jewish philosopher Hermann Cohen (1842–1918), undertaking a lifelong effort to reintroduce Cohen's thought into contemporary philosophical discourse. In The Tragedy of Optimism, George Y. Kohler brings together all of Schwarzschild's work on Cohen for the first time. Schwarzschild's readings of Cohen are unique and profound; he was conversant with both worlds that shaped Cohen's thought, neo-Kantian German idealism and Jewish theology. The collection covers a wide range of subjects, from ethics, socialism, the concept of human selfhood, and the mathematics of the infinite to more explicitly Jewish themes. This volume includes two of Schwarzschild's previously unpublished manuscripts and a scholarly introduction by Kohler. Schwarzschild shows that despite its seeming defeat by events of the twentieth century, Cohen's optimism about human progress is a rational, indeed necessary, path to peace.

Was Marx's philosophy more shaped by Jewish cultural tradition than is typically assumed? As one of the most original twentieth-century thinkers in the field of Jewish philosophy, Schwarzschild's analysis provides readers with new ways of understanding modern Western philosophy, Jewish religious tradition, and the relation between them.

This volume collects some of Steven S. Schwarzschild's (1924-1989) most important essays on Jewish thinkers, including his unpublished Ph.D. dissertation from 1955 on Nachman Krochmal and Hermann Cohen as philosophers of history. The chapters present provocative perspectives on influential philosophical, theological, and cultural figures such as Yehuda Halevi, Ernst Cassirer, Theodor Adorno, Arnold Schoenberg and Rabbi Isaac Hutner. As one of the most original twentieth-century thinkers in the field of Jewish philosophy, Schwarzschild's analysis provides readers with new ways of understanding medieval and modern Jewish philosophy, Jewish religious tradition, and the relation between them. This volume appeals to researchers and students working in these fields.

In der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts erfuhren die traditionellen jüdischen Messias-Vorstellungen eine tiefgreifende Reinterpretation. An die Stelle des davidischen Messias-Königs und der Idee eines restaurativen Tempelreiches in Jerusalem traten Vorstellungen von einem idealen Weltenreich des Friedens und von sozialer Gerechtigkeit. George Kohler zeigt anhand von messianischen Texten u.a. von Samuel Holdheim, Salomon Ludwig Steinheim, Samuel Hirsch, Levi Herzfeld und Salomon Formstecher, dass diese neue Lesart des jüdischen Messianismus in der Moderne bereits in den 1840er Jahren beginnt - und nicht erst mit dem Philosophen Hermann Cohen (1842-1918), der in seinem Alterswerk die komplexe Theorie eines nichtpersönlichen ethisch-universalistischen Messiasreiches entwickelte. In den neu editierten Texten wird sichtbar, wie bereits Jahrzehnte vor Cohen eine ausgeprägte messianische Theologie entsteht, in der die Singularität des messianischen Ereignisses durch einen moralischen Prozess der Erziehung der Menschheit abgelöst wird. Das Judentum erarbeitet sich so eine Zukunftsorientierung, die der jüdischen Religion eine Existenzberechtigung in der Neuzeit gibt, weil sie die den beteiligten Denkern als missionarisch für die gesamte Zivilisation gilt.

In recent years more and more scholars have become aware of the fact that the 19th century movement of the Wissenschaft des Judentums engaged in essential research of kabbalistic texts and thinkers. The legend of Wissenschaft’s neglect for the mystic traditions of Judaism is no longer sustainable. However, the true extent of this enterprise of German Jewish scholars is not yet known. This book will give an overview of what the leading figures have actually achieved: Landauer, Jellinek, Jost, Graetz, Steinschneider and others. It is true that their theological evaluation of the "worth" of kabbalah for what they believed was the ‘essence of Judaism’ yielded overall negative results, but this rejection was rationally founded and rather suggests a true concern for Judaism that transcended their own emancipation and assimilation as German Jews.

This book investigates the re-discovery of Maimonides’ Guide of the Perplexed by the Wissenschaft des Judentums movement in Germany of the nineteenth and beginning twentieth Germany. Since this movement is inseparably connected with religious reforms that took place at about the same time, it shall be demonstrated how the Reform Movement in Judaism used the Guide for its own agenda of historizing, rationalizing and finally turning Judaism into a philosophical enterprise of ‘ethical monotheism’. The study follows the reception of Maimonidean thought, and the Guide specifically, through the nineteenth century, from the first beginnings of early reformers in 1810 and their reading of Maimonides to the development of a sophisticated reform-theology, based on Maimonides, in the writings of Hermann Cohen more then a hundred years later.

This book investigates the re-discovery of Maimonides’ Guide of the Perplexed by the Wissenschaft des Judentums movement in Germany of the nineteenth and beginning twentieth Germany. Since this movement is inseparably connected with religious reforms that took place at about the same time, it shall be demonstrated how the Reform Movement in Judaism used the Guide for its own agenda of historizing, rationalizing and finally turning Judaism into a philosophical enterprise of ‘ethical monotheism’. The study follows the reception of Maimonidean thought, and the Guide specifically, through the nineteenth century, from the first beginnings of early reformers in 1810 and their reading of Maimonides to the development of a sophisticated reform-theology, based on Maimonides, in the writings of Hermann Cohen more then a hundred years later.