Helle Krunke – författare

The book analyses the concept and conditions of transnational solidarity, its challenges and opportunities, drawing on diverse disciplines as Law, Political Science, Sociology, Philosophy, Psychology and History. In the contemporary world, we see two major opposing trends. The first involves nationalistic and populistic movements. Transnational solidarity has been under pressure for a decade because of, among others, global economic and migration crises, leading to populistic and authoritarian leadership in some European countries, the United States and Brazil. Countries withdraw from international commitments on climate, trade and refugees and the European Union struggles with Brexit. The second trend, partly a reaction to the first, is a strengthened transnational grass-root community - a cosmopolitan movement - which protests primarily against climate change. Based on interdisciplinary reflections on the concept of transnational solidarity, its challenges and opportunities are analysed, drawing on Europe as a focal case study for a broader, global perspective.

The book analyses the concept and conditions of transnational solidarity, its challenges and opportunities, drawing on diverse disciplines as Law, Political Science, Sociology, Philosophy, Psychology and History. In the contemporary world, we see two major opposing trends. The first involves nationalistic and populistic movements. Transnational solidarity has been under pressure for a decade because of, among others, global economic and migration crises, leading to populistic and authoritarian leadership in some European countries, the United States and Brazil. Countries withdraw from international commitments on climate, trade and refugees and the European Union struggles with Brexit. The second trend, partly a reaction to the first, is a strengthened transnational grass-root community - a cosmopolitan movement - which protests primarily against climate change. Based on interdisciplinary reflections on the concept of transnational solidarity, its challenges and opportunities are analysed, drawing on Europe as a focal case study for a broader, global perspective.

This book analyses the Nordic constitutional systems of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden in a comparative context. It has two main aims: first to fill a gap in the literature by providing an accessible English language account of the Nordic constitutions, and second to provide a comparative analysis of them, revealing their similarities and differences within their political, historical and cultural contexts. In this respect, the book challenges the assumption that the Nordic countries form a homogeneous constitutional system due to their cultural and historical affinities, a view not necessarily supported by a close comparative examination. A key issue is EU membership –where the Nordic countries have made different choices at different times – and the book will show how this has affected the individual countries and whether a divide between EU member states (Denmark, Finland and Sweden) and non-members (Iceland and Norway) has appeared. Another key issue is how the ECHR has impacted the Nordic constitutional systems and whether the convention draws the Nordic systems closer to each other. The book represents a first of its kind in the English language, and will provide constitutional scholars with a valuable comparative resource on the Nordic region.

This book analyses the Nordic constitutional systems of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden in a comparative context. It has two main aims: first to fill a gap in the literature by providing an accessible English language account of the Nordic constitutions, and second to provide a comparative analysis of them, revealing their similarities and differences within their political, historical and cultural contexts. In this respect, the book challenges the assumption that the Nordic countries form a homogeneous constitutional system due to their cultural and historical affinities, a view not necessarily supported by a close comparative examination. A key issue is EU membership –where the Nordic countries have made different choices at different times – and the book will show how this has affected the individual countries and whether a divide between EU member states (Denmark, Finland and Sweden) and non-members (Iceland and Norway) has appeared. Another key issue is how the ECHR has impacted the Nordic constitutional systems and whether the convention draws the Nordic systems closer to each other. The book represents a first of its kind in the English language, and will provide constitutional scholars with a valuable comparative resource on the Nordic region.

Nordic Cooperation and the European Union: 50 Years of Legal Integration explores the transformation of Nordic cooperation over the past half-century, shaped by the dynamics of European integration. Initially rooted in informal, intergovernmental dialogue among Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, Nordic cooperation now finds itself amidst deeper developments taking place in EU law and EEA law. After the Second World War, Europe embraced binding legal commitments vis-à-vis individuals and each other, beginning with human rights under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), and later economic integration through the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and then the European Economic Communities (EEC), which is today, the EU, and by extension, the European Economic Area (EEA). For the Nordic states, such developments have created dual loyalties: to each other, in the form of cooperation; but also, to wider Europe, in the form of integration. Given the differentiated form of legal integration with Europe in the Nordic states, and how the EU has transformed well beyond a mere form of economic integration, Nordic cooperation has taken on new meaning. Nordic Cooperation and the European Union: 50 Years of Legal Integration brings together academics, scholars, and judges to understand, elucidate, and explain the interplay of legal regimes, including the complex processes of legal systems and legal cultures adapting to each other over a time span of fifty years. It brings forth a new way of thinking about Nordic cooperation amidst wider European legal integration, adopting a comprehensive, comparative approach. It examines both the upward influence of the Nordic states on EU and EEA law, and the downward impact of EU and EEA law on the national legal orders of the Nordic states. Spanning five decades of developments, it offers a panoramic view of legal developments and anticipates the future role of Nordic cooperation when classical forms of such international cooperation are operating in parallel with EU and EEA law.