Julie Graham – författare
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Contributors. Carole Biewener, Anjan Chakrabarti, Stephen Cullenberg, Fred Curtis, Satyananda Gabriel, J. K. Gibson-Graham, Serap Kayatekin, Bruce Norton, Phillip O’Neill, Stephen Resnick, David Ruccio, Dean Saitta, Andriana Vlachou, Richard Wolff
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This book collates the most up to date information on Fragaria, and Rubus genomes. It focuses on the latest advances in the model system Fragaria vesca, along with the allied advances in economically important crops. Covering both basic and applied aspects of crop genomics, it illustrates strategies and resources for the study and utilization of genome sequences and aligned functional genomics resources.
Rosaceous berries are collectively an increasingly important set of high-value global crops, with a trade value of over £2 billion dollars per annum. The rosaceous berries strawberry, raspberry and blackberry share some common features at the genome scale, namely a range of ploidy levels in each genus and high levels of heterozygosity (and associated inbreeding depression) due to self-incompatibility systems, dioecy, or multispecies hybridization events. Taken together, although the genomes are relatively compact, these biological features lead to significant challenges in theassembly and analysis of berry genomes, which until very recently have hampered the progress of genome-level studies.
The genome of the woodland strawberry, Fragaria vesca, a self-compatible species with a homozygous genome was first sequenced in 2011 and has served as a foundation for most genomics work in Fragaria and to some extent Rubus. Since that time, building upon this resource, there have been significant advances in the development of genome sequences for related crop species. This, coupled with the revolution in affordable sequencing technology, has led to a suite of genomics studies on Fragaria and more recently Rubus, which undoubtedly aid crop breeding and production in future years.
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Raspberry is a globally-significant soft fruit crop, with increasing interest to consumers due to its versatility and health-related constituents. In this background context, it is therefore timely to consider the present and future status of the raspberry crop, particularly with the advances in the use of molecular tools and plant phenotyping to improve our understanding of improving crop quality and fruit yields. Since the 1980s a wealth of fundamental genomics and metabolomics resources have been developed for soft fruits including linkage maps, physical maps, QTLs and expression tools. However, a number of serious and emerging challenges exist for the raspberry industry, including the plants’ ability to resist major pest and disease burdens and the impact of climate change on crop production, specifically water use and water availability for soft fruit crops.
This book aims to address some of these challenges by updating the information known about this important crop, its health value, the major pest and diseases which affect raspberry and approaches for their control, and the speed and precision offered by selective breeding programs by the deployment of molecular tools and linkage maps for germplasm assessment. Understanding the genetic control of commercially and nutritionally important traits and the linkage of these characteristics to molecular markers on chromosomes is the future basis of plant breeding. We will also introduce the opportunity to fast track breeding by improving the speed of phenotypic selection by utilizing imaging sensor technologies, thereby reducing the cost of years of field assessment through developing this knowledge into markers linked to key fruit traits. The chapters of this book will span the knowledge gained from the collaborations between growers, plant breeders, plant physiologists, soil scientists, geneticists, agronomists and physicists which is essential to achieve progress in improving productivity and a sustainable industry.