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The principle of the conservation of energy was among the most important developments of nineteenth-century physics, and Robert Mayer, a physician from a small city in Germany, was one of its codiscoverers. As ship's doctor on a voyage to the Dutch East Indies in 1840, Mayer noticed that the venous blood he let from a European seaman was lighter than he expected. This observation set off a train of reflections that led him first to conclude that there must be a quantitative relationship between heat and "motion" and then, over several years, to believe in the indestructibility and uncreatability of "force." Rejecting the commonly invoked influence of Naturphilosophie, Kenneth Caneva provides a rich historical context for the problems and issues that concerned Mayer and for the ways in which he gradually came to understand what became known as the conservation of energy. Demonstrating that the development of Mayer's thinking was fostered by a constant search for analogies, Caneva also analyzes the transformation of the life sciences in mid-century Germany and offers a major reevaluation of the status of the "vital force" during that period.The intellectual environment treated here embraces medicine, physiology, physics, chemistry, religion, and spiritualism. Kenneth L. Caneva is Associate Professor of History at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. Originally published in 1993. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
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The principle of the conservation of energy was among the most important developments of nineteenth-century physics, and Robert Mayer, a physician from a small city in Germany, was one of its codiscoverers. As ship's doctor on a voyage to the Dutch East Indies in 1840, Mayer noticed that the venous blood he let from a European seaman was lighter than he expected. This observation set off a train of reflections that led him first to conclude that there must be a quantitative relationship between heat and "motion" and then, over several years, to believe in the indestructibility and uncreatability of "force." Rejecting the commonly invoked influence of Naturphilosophie, Kenneth Caneva provides a rich historical context for the problems and issues that concerned Mayer and for the ways in which he gradually came to understand what became known as the conservation of energy. Demonstrating that the development of Mayer's thinking was fostered by a constant search for analogies, Caneva also analyzes the transformation of the life sciences in mid-century Germany and offers a major reevaluation of the status of the "vital force" during that period.The intellectual environment treated here embraces medicine, physiology, physics, chemistry, religion, and spiritualism. Kenneth L. Caneva is Associate Professor of History at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. Originally published in 1993. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Emergence of Conservation of Energy in the Nineteenth Century
The Collective Formulation of a Scientific Principle
Inbunden, Engelska, 2026
2 186 kr
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This book examines the factors that lay behind the emergence of the principle of conservation of energy and of a new fundamental concept, energy, from a science marked by rough notions concerning the various forces and powers of nature. These conjoined developments constituted arguably the most important innovation in physics during the nineteenth century: they unified and defined the field as never before while for the first time bringing mechanics—previously belonging to mathematics—within the purview of physics. As shown in abundant detail, no one but Friedrich Mohr and Robert Mayer - both marginal figures in the science of the day - exemplified both aspects of this development, i.e. the concept of energy and the principle of its conservation. What it shows, likewise in abundant detail, is how those concepts achieved clarification through the exchanges and interactions of scientists—from Britain, Germany, France, the Netherlands, and Denmark—who addressed cognate issues. Any notion of “discovery” as an essentially individualistic aspect of science is thus rendered moot. Based on an in-depth study of the work of twenty scientists, this book is of great interest primarily to professional historians of science and graduate students.