Krista Nadakavukaren Schefer – författare

With a focus on how trade, foreign investment, commercial arbitration and financial regulation rules affect impoverished individuals, Poverty and the International Economic Legal System examines the relationship between the legal rules of the international economic law system and states' obligations to reduce poverty. The contributors include leading practitioners, practice-oriented scholars and legal theorists, who discuss the human aspects of global economic activity without resorting to either overly dogmatic human rights approaches or technocratic economic views. The essays extend beyond development discussions by encouraging further efforts to study, improve and develop legal mechanisms for the benefit of the world's poor and challenging traditionally de-personified legal areas to engage with their real-world impacts.

This book explores the interaction between the EU and international investment law, both at the internal level, namely within the EU internal market, and at the external level, i.e. in the context of its relations with third States. The joint treatment of these dimensions reveals that the EU has assumed an ostensibly ambivalent attitude towards international investment law. At the internal level, it has consistently asserted that intra-EU international investment agreements (IIAs) are not compatible with EU law and advocated their termination. At the external level, by contrast, it has eagerly deployed IIAs to develop its post-Lisbon international investment policy. The book finds that beneath this apparent ambivalence towards international investment law ultimately lies the EU’s attempt to impose, both internally and externally, its own original model of regulation of cross-border investment. It then argues that the EU adopted this approach with a view to supporting its internal market, enhancing its external influence, and, ultimately, pursuing long-term ‘federal aspirations’. Finally, the book identifies the legal and political obstacles that have curtailed the EU’s efforts at both the internal and the external level.

This open access book examines the conflict of law rules in East Asian states. With a focus on the laws in Mainland China, Japan and South Korea, the book also looks at the rules of Hong Kong and Taiwan.Beyond a description of the substance of the current law, the book highlights the evolution these jurisdictions have undergone since being adopters of rules developed in European and North American legal systems. As evidenced by recent modernisations in their private law regimes, these East Asian states are now innovators, creating rules that are more suited to the local concerns. Significantly, the new approaches to private international law taken by China and Japan are themselves being adopted by other jurisdictions, shifting the locus of influence in this important area of law.The chapters in Part 1 give a contextual overview of the legal regimes of Mainland China, Japan, and South Korea. This part is intended to foster a deeper understanding of how the systems are changing to better fit the particular national approaches to law. A more in-depth view of the rules on private international law follows in Part 2, where the rules of Hong Kong and Taiwan are set forth in addition to those of the rest of China, Japan and South Korea. Part 3 provides a detailed look at the conflict rules relevant to commercial law, specifically as regards international jurisdiction of courts, while Part 4 examines the rules applying to family and succession law.Written in an easily accessible style, the book is a valuable resource for scholars as well as practitioners of East Asian law, private international law, and comparative law.The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.

This open access book examines the conflict of law rules in East Asian states. With a focus on the laws in Mainland China, Japan and South Korea, the book also looks at the rules of Hong Kong and Taiwan.Beyond a description of the substance of the current law, the book highlights the evolution these jurisdictions have undergone since being adopters of rules developed in European and North American legal systems. As evidenced by recent modernisations in their private law regimes, these East Asian states are now innovators, creating rules that are more suited to the local concerns. Significantly, the new approaches to private international law taken by China and Japan are themselves being adopted by other jurisdictions, shifting the locus of influence in this important area of law.The chapters in Part 1 give a contextual overview of the legal regimes of Mainland China, Japan, and South Korea. This part is intended to foster a deeper understanding of how the systems are changing to better fit the particular national approaches to law. A more in-depth view of the rules on private international law follows in Part 2, where the rules of Hong Kong and Taiwan are set forth in addition to those of the rest of China, Japan and South Korea. Part 3 provides a detailed look at the conflict rules relevant to commercial law, specifically as regards international jurisdiction of courts, while Part 4 examines the rules applying to family and succession law.Written in an easily accessible style, the book is a valuable resource for scholars as well as practitioners of East Asian law, private international law, and comparative law.The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.

This open access book is the first of its kind to address a question of both theoretical and practical significance: how do countries or entities approach economic cooperation in the face of vexing political concerns and overlapping sovereignty claims? Built upon three contemporary case studies on North-South Korea, China-Taiwan, and North-South Cyprus – representative pairs of ‘divided nations’, broadly defined – the book explores from both an empirical and a conceptual perspective the underlying factors, approaches and patterns that influence the economic relationship between the two sides.The book examines complex dynamics and identifies critical factors across the case studies, making a timely contribution to debates surrounding sovereignty, democracy and legitimacy in the context of international economic laws given the shifting geopolitical landscape. It further informs countries that do not share the same features of divided nations but nonetheless experience diplomatic crises or military conflicts, which render their economic cooperation sensitive and strenuous.This book is a must-read for researchers, trade lawyers, and students in international law and international relations. It also serves as a valuable asset for negotiators, diplomats and policymakers, providing crucial insights for making decisions that can either escalate or de-escalate geopolitical conflicts.The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the Academia Sinica Thematic Program.

This open access book brings together some of the most eminent scholars of international trade to celebrate the scholarly, diplomatic, and institution-building achievements of Thomas Cottier, Professor Emeritus of International Economic Law at the University of Bern and founder of the World Trade Institute. Over his half-century career, Thomas Cottier has promoted the development of international trade law by shaping our understanding of how multiple layers of law interact to form a global legal system. While multilateral trade law is the “melody” of the system, it is made fuller by a host of regional and national layers of harmonising – and sometimes discordant – legal rules. Covering both general trade policy and the economic relations between Switzerland and the EU, the chapters examine Thomas Cottier’s fundamental belief in the necessity of studying the interaction of every level of governance – local, national, and international – when considering the policies of economic exchange between countries, as well as his cosmopolitan belief in the need to foster a global community dedicated to bettering the lives of individuals around the world. The special relationship between the EU and Switzerland is addressed, honouring Professor Cottier’s dedication to the political debates within Switzerland on the extent to which the country should participate in the European project, exemplifying the themes of multilayered governance and the common concerns of all people. The book’s contributors comprise leading scholars and practitioners who have worked closely with, or whose work and professional journeys have been largely influenced by, Thomas Cottier.The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation.

This open access book brings together some of the most eminent scholars of international trade to celebrate the scholarly, diplomatic, and institution-building achievements of Thomas Cottier, Professor Emeritus of International Economic Law at the University of Bern and founder of the World Trade Institute. Over his half-century career, Thomas Cottier has promoted the development of international trade law by shaping our understanding of how multiple layers of law interact to form a global legal system. While multilateral trade law is the “melody” of the system, it is made fuller by a host of regional and national layers of harmonising – and sometimes discordant – legal rules. Covering both general trade policy and the economic relations between Switzerland and the EU, the chapters examine Thomas Cottier’s fundamental belief in the necessity of studying the interaction of every level of governance – local, national, and international – when considering the policies of economic exchange between countries, as well as his cosmopolitan belief in the need to foster a global community dedicated to bettering the lives of individuals around the world. The special relationship between the EU and Switzerland is addressed, honouring Professor Cottier’s dedication to the political debates within Switzerland on the extent to which the country should participate in the European project, exemplifying the themes of multilayered governance and the common concerns of all people. The book’s contributors comprise leading scholars and practitioners who have worked closely with, or whose work and professional journeys have been largely influenced by, Thomas Cottier.The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation.

Geographical Indications (GIs), widely used in the European context, are being promoted as vehicles for local development: but do they truly serve the interests of the Global South? Can they foster meaningful change in former colonial societies? This open access book interrogates these questions through a critical legal lens grounded in Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL), to assess whether GIs—codified in international trade agreements like the EU-CARIFORUM Economic Partnership Agreement—can support ‘development from within’ for the small island developing states of the Caribbean.Providing a fresh perspective on the colonial roots, current utility, and future potential of GI laws, the book engages with Caribbean realities and includes global case studies from Demerara rum in Guyana, Ethiopian coffee, Indian Darjeeling tea, Colombian coffee, Mexican Tequila, and Barbados Rum.In a world shaped by international trade rules, GIs and Sustainable Development offer a powerful lens into how the law of origin-linked products—like Champagne, Tequila, and Jamaican Rum—can shape futures for postcolonial states.Geographical Indications in International Trade is essential reading for academics, policymakers, legal practitioners, and development professionals seeking to understand the tensions between intellectual property law and sustainable development. It challenges readers to rethink international trade rules and consider how GI law can be reclaimed by third-world nations as a transformative tool for heritage-based, sustainable economic development.The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by UKRI.

This book fills the urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of the law, institutions, and processes shaping international economic dispute settlement within and beyond Africa.African economies are becoming increasingly central in global trade networks. Understanding the continent’s dispute resolution mechanisms is more crucial now than ever. The book systematically analyses the existing sub-regional courts and arbitral tribunals, as well as their roles. It achieves this by focusing on Africa's leading socio-legal actors involved in economic dispute settlement, including African States, transnational corporations, African international law scholars, international organisations, and African emerging transnational actors in arbitration. These 5 pillars create an ecology of socio-legal actors, interacting and intersecting to generate a complex social, political, historical, and legal variation matrix for understanding African international economic dispute settlement.The book covers the 2 main international economic dispute settlement divisions: international court litigation and international public and private arbitration. It also carefully analyses sub-regional international economic courts and international public and private arbitrations in Africa through a Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) lens and socio-legal actors methodology.International Economic Dispute Settlement in Africa provides invaluable insights for legal professionals, policymakers, researchers, and business leaders navigating the complexities of African dispute resolution.Winner of the 2024 SIEL–Hart Prize in International Economic Law.

The Encyclopedia is the definitive reference work on international economic law. This comprehensive resource helps redefine the field by presenting international economic law in its broadest, real-world context. Organized thematically rather than alphabetically, the subject is split into four principal sections: the foundations and architecture of international economic law, its principles, its main regulatory areas, and the future challenges that it faces. Comprising over 250 entries written by leading scholars and practitioners, traditional international economic law subject matter is supplemented by coverage of newly developing areas. Thus, the concepts and rules of trade, investment, finance and international tax law are found alongside entries discussing the relationship of international economic law with environmental protection, social standards, development, and human rights. The concise entries present an accessible and condensed overview of each topic within its legal context. Contributors offer insight into how institutions interact with each other and other legal systems, in addition to providing individual overviews of their history, structure, principles and procedures. Selected references follow each entry, suggesting directions for further detailed exploration of the topic. This Encyclopedia is an invaluable resource for both practitioners and academics. It acts as a handy reference to all areas of international economic law, and provides the ideal starting point for any research journey. Key features:valuable reference tool for scholars, students and practitionersorganised thematically, covering newly developing areas of international economic lawconcise, structured entries from the top experts in the fieldselected references for further study.

This up-to-date and revised third edition offers a clear and comprehensive overview of the main principles, institutions and procedures related to foreign direct investment and the resolution of disputes. Suitable for both upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate courses on international investment protection, the book is firmly grounded within the wider public international law context. Key Features of the third edition:Incorporates extracts from and analysis of key recent decisions, including David Aven et al v. Costa Rica, Greentech Energy Systems et al v. Italy and Venezuela v. OI European GroupCoverage is brought up to date with new discussion of revised investment treaty texts and new court system proposalsBalanced and neutral engagement with both normative standards and critiques of the system encourages students to draw their own conclusionsProvides concise descriptions of the legal principles followed by extracts from both classic and contemporary cases to enhance understanding of core conceptsContains detailed discussion notes and all new 'Questions to an Expert' to enable further classroom discussion and facilitate critical reflection on complex topics.The concise nature of the book and accessible writing style make this an ideal text for non-specialists and for single semester courses on international investment protection.

This up-to-date and revised third edition offers a clear and comprehensive overview of the main principles, institutions and procedures related to foreign direct investment and the resolution of disputes. Suitable for both upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate courses on international investment protection, the book is firmly grounded within the wider public international law context. Key Features of the third edition:Incorporates extracts from and analysis of key recent decisions, including David Aven et al v. Costa Rica, Greentech Energy Systems et al v. Italy and Venezuela v. OI European GroupCoverage is brought up to date with new discussion of revised investment treaty texts and new court system proposalsBalanced and neutral engagement with both normative standards and critiques of the system encourages students to draw their own conclusionsProvides concise descriptions of the legal principles followed by extracts from both classic and contemporary cases to enhance understanding of core conceptsContains detailed discussion notes and all new 'Questions to an Expert' to enable further classroom discussion and facilitate critical reflection on complex topics.The concise nature of the book and accessible writing style make this an ideal text for non-specialists and for single semester courses on international investment protection.

This original and authoritative book analyzes how the WTO’s restrictions on the use of trade measures for social goals affects the development of the law of the international community.The author examines international law on the use of trade measures to promote non-trade values including human health, environmental protection, and cultural diversity in order to determine whether the WTO decisions in these areas promote the development of the international legal system in a way that benefits the individual. Including an analysis of the most important ‘trade-&’ cases handed down by the WTO’s Appellate Body, the book stimulates creative consideration of the extent to which the international trading system’s prohibition on the use of trade measures may stifle progress on legal norms that would foster an international community. Krista Nadakavukaren Schefer suggests using the law of equity to fully take into account both the trade and the social issues at stake in any particular case.With its thorough analysis of WTO trade and decisions, this path-breaking book will be a stimulating read for scholars and students of international law, international economic law and international relations.