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1 544 kr
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This work relates judgements of "deservingness" or "undeservingness" to perceived responsibility, values, linking relations, and ingroup/outgroup relations. It presents a social-cognitive process model concerned with how people react to offences and to the perpetrators of offences. Studies concerned with achievement outcomes and retributive justice, and potential developments to the theoretical approach are described.
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Originally published in 1982, this book examines the current status of expectancy-value models in psychology. The focus is upon cognitive models that relate action to the perceived attractiveness or aversiveness of expected consequences. A person’s behavior is seen to bear some relation to the expectations the person holds and the subjective value of the consequences that might occur following the action. Despite widespread interest in the expectancy-value (valence) approach at the time, there was no book that looked at its current status and discussed its strengths and its weaknesses, using contributions from some of the theorists who were involved in its original and subsequent development and from others who were influenced by it or had cause to examine the approach closely. This book was planned to meet this need. The chapters in this book relate to such areas as achievement motivation, attribution theory, information feedback, organizational psychology, the psychology of values and attitudes, and decision theory and in some cases they advance the expectancy-value approach further and, in other cases, point to some of its deficiencies.
454 kr
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Originally published in 1982, this book examines the current status of expectancy-value models in psychology. The focus is upon cognitive models that relate action to the perceived attractiveness or aversiveness of expected consequences. A person’s behavior is seen to bear some relation to the expectations the person holds and the subjective value of the consequences that might occur following the action. Despite widespread interest in the expectancy-value (valence) approach at the time, there was no book that looked at its current status and discussed its strengths and its weaknesses, using contributions from some of the theorists who were involved in its original and subsequent development and from others who were influenced by it or had cause to examine the approach closely. This book was planned to meet this need. The chapters in this book relate to such areas as achievement motivation, attribution theory, information feedback, organizational psychology, the psychology of values and attitudes, and decision theory and in some cases they advance the expectancy-value approach further and, in other cases, point to some of its deficiencies.
1 846 kr
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Originally published in 1985, this volume commissioned by the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia presents a survey of research in some of the major areas of psychology with which Australian psychologists had been identified at the time. The chapters cover basic processes; psychometrics and mathematical psychology; clinical psychology, imagery and hypnosis; social psychology; organisational and occupational psychology; and the psychological analysis of social issues, along with a concluding chapter that provides some general reflections on psychological research in Australia. The authors were asked to emphasise Australian contributions and to set them within the context of overseas developments, and the result is a ‘state of the art’ report that presents the major trends in Australian research in psychology in the mid-1980s.The book drew attention to the best of Australian research achievements in psychology and could be used as a sourcebook in its own right and as a supplement for textbook in introductory psychology and for more advanced courses (e.g. experimental psychology, clinical psychology and behaviour modification, social psychology, and organisational/occupational psychology). In contrast to textbooks at the time in psychology, it provided up-to-date examples of Australian research, and while of particular relevance to psychologists, it would also have been of value to other social scientists in education, sociology, political science and economics.The book attempts to span the major areas of research activity in Australian psychology, highlighting the work of the most active and influential contributors. Today it can be read in its historical context.
550 kr
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This book is concerned with the psychological effects of unemployment. In writing it I had two main aims: (1) to describe theoretical approaches that are relevant to understanding unemployment effects; and (2) to present the re sults of studies from a program of research with which I have been closely involved over recent years. In order to meet these aims I have organized the book into two main parts. I discuss background research and theoretical approaches in the first half of the book, beginning with research concerned with the psychological effects of unemployment during the Great Depression and continuing through to a dis cussion of more recent contributions. I have not attempted to review the liter ature in fine detail. Instead, I refer to some of the landmark studies and to the main theoretical ideas that have been developed. This discussion takes us through theoretical approaches that have emerged from the study of work, employment, and unemployment to a consideration of wider frameworks that can also be applied to further our understanding of unemployment effects.
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When we say that a person deserves a positive or negative outcome, we are making a judgment that is influenced by a number ofvariables. We would certainly take into account whether the person was resp- siblefortheoutcomeorwhethertheoutcomecouldbeattributedtoother sources. We would also consider whether the actions that led to the positive or negative outcome were actions that we would value or - tionsthatwouldmeetwithourdisapproval.Wemightalsobeinfluenced by the person’s own positive or negative characteristics, by ourkno- edgeofwhatkinds ofgroups orsocialcategoriesthepersonbelongedto, and by whether we like or dislike the person. Information about these differentvariableshastobe consideredandintegratedin someway, and our judgment of deservingness follows that psychological process, a process that involves the cognitive-affective system. Values, Achievements, and Justice is about deservingness and about the variables that affect the judgments we make. I use the term “dese- ingness” although I could equally have referred to “deservedness” or “desert.” The terms are all virtually equivalent in meaning, although dictionaries may separate them by using fine distinctions. I assume that the sorts of variables I have just described will affect ourjudgments of deservingness, and I further assume that a judgment of deservingness is most likely to occur when these variables fit together in a consistent, harmonious, and balanced way.