Robert Maltby – författare

Three foundational Roman poets.The Loeb Classical Library series Fragmentary Republican Latin continues with three highly influential pioneers in the creation and development of Latin poetry.Livius Andronicus (born ca. 292 BC) was regarded by the Romans as the founder of Latin literature, introducing tragedy and comedy, adapting Homer’s Odyssey into Saturnian verse, and composing a nationally important hymn for Juno. A meeting place for writers and actors was established in the temple of Minerva on the Aventine in recognition of his poetic achievements.Naevius (born ca. 280–260), though most famous for his comedies, also wrote tragedy and epic. He innovated by incorporating Roman material into his Greek models and writing on Roman subjects independently. The inventor of the fabula praetexta, drama on a Roman theme, he also introduced new topics to Roman tragedy, especially those relating to Troy, and his Punic War, the first epic on a Roman historical subject, was a longtime school text and a favorite of Augustus.Caecilius (born probably in the 220s), a friend of the older Ennius, excelled at comedy, of which he was Rome’s leading exponent during his career, and was so considered by posterity. Caecilius continued the Naevian practice of inserting Roman allusions into his works and was admired by later critics particularly for his substantive and well-constructed plots, and for his ability to arouse emotion.The texts are based on the most recent and reliable editions of the source authors and have been revised, freshly translated, and amply annotated in light of current scholarship.

Dilapidated dramas.The Loeb Classical Library series Fragmentary Republican Latin continues with Marcus Pacuvius (ca. 220–130), deemed by Cicero to be Rome’s greatest tragic poet, together with the fragments of those tragedians of whose work little has survived. Also included are fragments distinguished as dramatic by their meter, but whose genre (tragedy or comedy) can be uncertain.Pacuvius, a nephew and possibly a pupil of Ennius and an older contemporary of Accius, seems to have had connections with high-ranking politicians and intellectuals, especially those such as Laelius and Scipio who supported Hellenistic culture at Rome; certainly he was remembered as a learned poet, and among his compositions was a fabula praetexta on L. Aemilius Paulus’ victory at Pydna in 168. He tended to treat less obvious aspects of the mythological tradition, perhaps a sign of his own originality, which allowed him to explore in depth issues that seem to have particularly interested him, such as mistaken or false identity ending in final recognition, and noble characters in reduced circumstances. There are also philosophical and cosmological themes, as in plays featuring characters recognized as related who join in overthrowing unjust rulers, raising questions of justice, power, and the role of a good ruler. His works remained in the repertory, were often quoted by orators, and influenced later poets such as Plautus, Terence, Virgil, and Ovid.The texts are based on the most recent and reliable editions of the source authors and have been revised, freshly translated, and amply annotated in light of current scholarship.

Terence's Phormio , based on a Greek original by Apollodorus of Carystus, was produced towards the end of his short dramatic career in 161 BC. With its lively action, based on the traditional elements of love, deception and mistaken identity, the play provides an ideal introduction to the genre of New Comedy. What makes the Phormio unique amongst Terence's works is the central importance of the witty and scheming parasite who gives his name to the play and directs and controls its action throughout, even when absent from the stage. The use of the 'double' plot with its two young men in love and two contrasting fathers provides ample scope for depth and variety of characterisation. The aim of the present edition is to bring out to the full Terence's skill in plot development and character portrayal which was to make the Phormio one of his most entertaining plays. Latin text with facing-page translation, introduction and commentary.