Routledge Studies on History and Globalization – serie

This book contextualizes a globalization process that has since ancient times involved the creation, use, and world-wide movement of song, instrumental music, musical drama, music with dance, concert, secular, popular and religious music. Integral to the process have been political, economic, military, and religious forces that motivated or compelled performers to travel, often far beyond the borders of their homelands, to practice their art and craft. That this music was often a traveling companion to non-musical movements—military campaigns, religious missions, political events –does not make the distance it traveled, nor its cultural and social impact, less remarkable. The Globalization of Music in History contributes to a growing awareness of the power of music to give insight into those things that all cultures and civilizations hold in common, and that promote and nurture mankind’s most noble virtues. The book adds a philosophical perspective to ongoing work in ethnomusicology, musicology, music therapy, and what may be an evolving global music. It attributes this evolution to the motivation by musicians to travel and to spread music around the globe, and even into outer space. It also provides connectivity between the people, activities and events in which music is used and the means by which it moves from one place to another.

Globalizing Human Rights explores the complexities of the role human rights played in U.S.-Soviet relations during the 1970s and 1980s. It will show how private citizens exploited the larger effects of contemporary globalization and the language of the Final Act to enlist the U.S. government in a global campaign against Soviet/Eastern European human rights violations. A careful examination of this development shows the limitations of existing literature on the Reagan and Carter administrations’ efforts to promote internal reform in USSR. It also reveals how the Carter administration and private citizens, not Western European governments, played the most important role in making the issue of human rights a fundamental aspect of Cold War competition. Even more important, it illustrates how each administration made the support of non-governmental human rights activities an integral element of its overall approach to weakening the international appeal of the USSR.In addition to looking at the behavior of the U.S. government, this work also highlights the limitations of arguments that focus on the inherent weakness of Soviet dissent during the early to mid 1980s. In the case of the USSR, it devotes considerable attention to why Soviet leaders failed to revive the international reputation of their multinational empire in face of consistent human rights critiques. It also documents the crucial role that private citizens played in shaping Mikhail Gorbachev’s efforts to reform Soviet-style socialism.