Single Case Research Methodology

Jennifer R. Ledford is an Associate Professor in the Department of Special Education at Vanderbilt University.David L. Gast is Professor Emeritus of Special Education in the Department of Communication Sciences and Special Education at the University of Georgia.

• PrefaceSection 11. Research ApproachesCallouts:1-1: Questions for Scientist-Practitioners2. External Validity and Generalizable Knowledge3. Establishing Internal Validity via Within-Study Replication4. Selection, Characterization, and Measurement of Dependent VariablesCallouts:4-1: A Commentary on Why Interval Systems are Used Despite Evidence of Inaccuracy5. Reliability and Validity of Dependent Variables6. Development and Measurement of Independent Variables7. Measuring Generality and Social Validity in Single Case ResearchCallouts:7-1: Labeling Generalization and Maintenance Conditions8. Data Representation and Performance CharacteristicsSection 29. Conducting Studies Using Sequential Introduction and Withdrawal of ConditionsCallouts:9-1: Baseline, Business-As-Usual, and Treatment Conditions9-2: Applied Example of Withdrawal Design9-3: Applied Example of Reversal Design9-4: Applied Example of Multitreatment Design9-5: Applied Example of Changing Criterion Design10 Analyzing Data from Studies Using Sequential Introduction and Withdrawal of ConditionsCallouts:10-1: Should I Include Extra Phases to Establish Non-Effects?10-2: Reliability of Visual Analysis10-3: Applied Example of Withdrawal Design10-4: Applied Example of Reversal Design10-5: Applied Example of Multitreatment Design10-6: Applied Example of Changing Criterion Design11 Conducting Studies Using Time Lagged Condition OrderingCallouts11-1: Selecting Intervention Targets11-2: How Rigorous are Nonconcurrent MB Designs?11-3: Applied Example of Multiple Baseline Across Participants Design11-4: Applied Example of Multiple Baseline Across Behaviors Design11-5: Applied Example of Multiple Probe across Behaviors Design (Days Variation)11-6: Applied Example of Multiple Probe Across Participants Design (Days Variation) 11-7: How do I Choose Between Multiple Baseline and Multiple Probe Design Variations12 Analyzing Data from Studies Using Time Lagged ConditionsCallouts12-1: Masked Visual Analysis12-2: Baseline Lengths: How Different is Different Enough?12-3: Inconsistent Inter-Participant Replication in Single Case Design Studies12-4: Applied Example of Multiple Baseline across Participants Design12-5: Applied Example of Multiple Baseline across Behaviors Design12-6: Applied Example of Multiple Probe across Behaviors Design12-7: Applied Example of Multiple Probe across Participants Design13 Conducting Studies Using Rapid Iterative Alternation of ConditionsCallouts13-1: What’s in a Name? Multielement versus Alternating Treatments Designs13-2: Applied Example of ME-ATD13-3: Why do You Need Multiple Behavior Sets for AATDs but not ME-ATDs?13-4: Applied Example of AATD13-5: Applied Example of a Repeated Acquisition Design13-6: Applied Example of Simultaneous Treatments Procedure14 Analyzing Data from Studies Using Rapid Iterative AlternationCallouts14-1: Applied Example of ME-ATD14-2: Applied Example of AATD14-3: Applied Example of Repeated Acquisition15 Selecting and Combining DesignsSection 316 Ethical Principles and Practices in Research17 Evaluating Single Case Research18 Writing Research Proposals and Empirical Reports19 Conducting Systematic Reviews and SynthesesIndex