Cold War Broadcasting

A. Ross Johnson was a History and Public Policy Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars and Senior Adviser at Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.R. Eugene Parta is former director of Soviet Area Audience and Opinion Research at RFE/RL and of Media and Opinion Research at the RFE/RL Research Institute.

"This collection of documents and scholarly analysis marks a major advance in the discussion, and furthers understanding the role of propaganda and reliable information in shaping the complex dynamics of the Cold War. Summing up: Highly recommended."

• Preface by the editors Foreword by Timothy Garton Ash Introduction by A. Ross Johnson PART ONE: GOALS OF THE BROADCASTS Chapter One: RFE’s Early Years: Evolution of Broadcast Policy and Evidence of Broadcast Impact, Paul B. Henze Chapter Two: Goals of Radio Liberty, Gene Sosin Chapter Three: The Voice of America: A Brief Cold War History, Alan L. Heil Jr. PART TWO: JAMMING AND AUDIENCES Chapter Four: Cold War Radio Jamming, George W. Woodard Appendix A: Types of Jamming Appendix B: An Example of a Shortwave Broadcasting Station During the Cold War Chapter Five: The Audience to Western Broadcasts to the USSR During the Cold War: An External Perspective, R. Eugene Parta Chapter Six: The Foreign Radio Audience in the USSR During the Cold War: An Internal Perspective, Elena I. Bashkirova Chapter Seven: The Audience to Western Broadcasts to Poland During the Cold War, Lechoslaw Gawlikowski (with Yvette Neisser Moreno) Appendix C: Weekly Listening Rates for Major Western Broadcasters to Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Bulgaria and the USSR During the Cold War PART THREE: IMPACT OF WESTERN BROADCASTS IN EASTERN EUROPE Chapter Eight: Radio Free Europe in the Eyes of the Polish Communist Elite, Jane Leftwich Curry Chapter Nine: Polish Regime Countermeasures Against Radio Free Europe, Pawel Machcewicz Chapter Ten: Radio Free Europe’s Impact in Romania During the Cold War, Nestor Ratesh Chapter Eleven: Ceausescu’s War Against Our Ears, Germina Nagat Chapter Twelve: Just Noise? Impact of Radio Free Europe in Hungary, István Rév Chapter Thirteen: Bulgarian Regime Countermeasures Against Radio Free Europe, Jordan Baev PART FOUR: IMPACT OF WESTERN BROADCASTS IN THE USSR Chapter Fourteen: Soviet Reactions to Foreign Broadcasting in the 1950s, Vladimir Tolz (with Julie Corwin) Chapter Fifteen: Foreign Media, the Soviet Western Frontier, and the Hungarian and Czechoslovak Crises, Amir Weiner Chapter Sixteen: Water Shaping the Rock: Cold War Broadcasting Impact in Latvia, Peter Zvagulis PART FIVE: CONCLUSIONS Chapter Seventeen: Cold War International Broadcasting and the Road to Democracy. A. Ross Johnson and R. Eugene Parta PART SIX: DOCUMENTS FROM EAST EUROPEAN AND SOVIET ARCHIVES I. Regime Perceptions of Western Broadcasters Bulgaria 1. 1977. Interior Ministry Analysis of Foreign Propaganda against Bulgaria 2. 1986. Interior Ministry Report on the Staff of the Bulgarian Service of RFE 3. 1989. Bulgarian Politburo Discussion on RFE Monitoring Reports German Democratic Republic 4. 1970. Stasi Report on West German Government’s Attitude to RFE and RL Hungary 5. 1973. Report to Politburo and Politburo Resolution on Fight against “Imperialist Propaganda” 6. 1978. Hungarian Central Committee Discusses Implementation of 1973 Resolution Romania 7. 1964. Securitate Reports on RFE’s Encouragement of Romanian Independence from USSR Poland 8. 1966. Letter from Army Main Political Administration to Interior Minister on “Hostile” Radio Propaganda 9. 1967. Foreign Intelligence Report on RFE 10. 1976. Analysis of Western Radio “Propaganda” Directed at Poland