'...[Mary Stroll] has written another book of which historians of the twelfth-century papacy must take account.'H.E.J. Cowdrey, English Historical Review, 1994.'...[the author] makes excellent use both of modern scholarship and of primary written and iconographical evidence. Her argument progresses carefully, thoroughly, and clearly.'John C. Moore, Speculum, 1990.

• AcknowledgmentsList of AbbreviationsIntroductionI. The Historiographical BackgroundII. Calixtus II and the PierleoniIII. Pontius and AnacletIV. Tensians Within Cluny and the Papal SchismV. The Dispute at Cluny ReinterpretedVI. MontecassinoVII. The Popes, the Normans, and the EmperorVIII. Legality as a Factor in Determining the Outcome of the ElectionPart 1: The ElectionIX. Legality as Factor in Determining the Outcome of the ElectionPart 2: The Battle of the WordX. Cardinales NovitiiXI. Haimeric, Diego of Compostella and the New ReformXII. Innocent IIXIII. The AnacletiansXIV. Petrus Pierleoni’s Record ReconsideredXV. The Anatomy of the Schism: The Jewish ElementXVI. The PropagandistsSummaryBibliographyIndex