Gonzalo M. Quintero Saravia – författare

Though the participation of France in the American Revolution is well established in the historiography, the role of Spain, France’s ally, is relatively understudied and underappreciated. Spain's involvement in the conflict formed part of a global struggle between empires and directly influenced the outcome of the clash between Britain and its North American colonists. Following the establishment of American independence, the Spanish empire became one of the nascent republic's most significant neighbors and, often illicitly, trading partners. Bringing together essays from a range of well-regarded historians, this volume contributes significantly to the international history of the Age of Atlantic Revolutions.

Although the participation of France in the American Revolution is well established in the historiography, the role of Spain, France’s ally, is relatively understudied and underappreciated. Spain’s involvement in the conflict formed part of a global struggle between empires and directly influenced the outcome of the clash between Britain and its North American colonists. Following the establishment of American independence, the Spanish empire became one of the nascent republic’s most significant neighbors and, often illicitly, trading partners. Bringing together essays from a range of well-regarded historians, this volume contributes significantly to the international history of the Age of Atlantic Revolutions.Contributors:Eric Becerra, University of North Carolina * Larrie D. Ferreiro, George Mason University * Gregg French, University of Windsor * Mary-Jo Kline, independent scholar * Manuel Lucena Giraldo, International University in Spain * Benjamin C. Lyons, University of Utah * Anthony McFarlane, University of Warwick * Ross Michael Nedervelt, Florida International University * John W. Nelson, Texas Tech University * Emmanuelle Perez Tisserant, University of Toulouse * Eduardo Posada Carbó, University of Oxford * Emily Berquist Soule, California State University, Long Beach * María Bárbara Zepeda Cortés, Lehigh University

Recognizing Spain as a crucial contributor to the United States' successful bid for independenceHistorians increasingly recognize the global dimensions of the American Revolutionary War, and the essays in this indispensable collection highlight the pivotal role played by Spain in the US bid for independence. Together, they cover the unheralded role of Native Americans and Spanish Black militias in the conflict, reveal new insights into the war's naval and military engagements, and assess the subsequent impact of the new United States on the Spanish American empire. In this volume, Spain emerges as a decisive rather than a declining power in a late eighteenth-century world of revolutions, one whose impact on the American Revolution is only now fully coming to light.Contributors: José María Blanco Núñez, Real Academia de la Historia (Spain) * Douglas Bradburn, George Washington's Mount Vernon * Kathleen DuVal, University of North Carolina * Larrie D. Ferreiro, George Mason University * Eliga H. Gould, University of New Hampshire * José Manuel Guerrero Acosta, Academy of Military Science and Art * Agustín Guimerá Ravina, Spanish National Research Council * Sylvia L. Hilton, Complutense University of Madrid * Richard L. Kagan, Johns Hopkins University * Jane Landers, Vanderbilt University * Manuel Lucena Giraldo, Spanish Council for Scientific Research * Gabriel Paquette, University of Maine * Gonzalo M. Quintero Saravia, Real Academia de la Historia * Juan Luis Simal, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

Although Spain was never a formal ally of the United States during the American Revolution, its entry into the war definitively tipped the balance against Britain. Led by Bernardo de Glvez, supreme commander of the Spanish forces in North America, their military campaigns against British settlements on the Mississippi Riverand later against Mobile and Pensacolawere crucial in preventing Britain from concentrating all its North American military and naval forces on the fight against George Washingtons Continental army. In this first comprehensive biography of Glvez (1746@86), Gonzalo M. Quintero Saravia assesses the commanders considerable historical impact and expands our understanding of Spains contribution to the war.A man of both empire and the Enlightenment, as viceroy of New Spain (1785@86), Glvez was also pivotal in the design and implementation of Spanish colonial reforms, which included the reorganization of Spains Northern Frontier that brought peace to the region for the duration of the Spanish presence in North America. Extensively researched through Spanish, Mexican, and US archives, Quintero Saravias portrait of Glvez reveals him as central to the histories of the Revolution and late eighteenth-century America and offers a reinterpretation of the international factors involved in the American War for Independence.

Although Spain was never a formal ally of the United States during the American Revolution, its entry into the war definitively tipped the balance against Britain. Led by Bernardo de Gálvez, supreme commander of the Spanish forces in North America, their military campaigns against British settlements on the Mississippi River—and later against Mobile and Pensacola—were crucial in preventing Britain from concentrating all its North American military and naval forces on the fight against George Washington’s Continental army. In this first comprehensive biography of Gálvez (1746@–86), Gonzalo M. Quintero Saravia assesses the commander’s considerable historical impact and expands our understanding of Spain’s contribution to the war.A man of both empire and the Enlightenment, as viceroy of New Spain (1785@–86), Gálvez was also pivotal in the design and implementation of Spanish colonial reforms, which included the reorganization of Spain’s Northern Frontier that brought peace to the region for the duration of the Spanish presence in North America. Extensively researched through Spanish, Mexican, and U.S. archives, Quintero Saravia’s portrait of Gálvez reveals him as central to the histories of the Revolution and late eighteenth-century America and offers a reinterpretation of the international factors involved in the American War for Independence.

Although Spain was never a formal ally of the United States during the American Revolution, its entry into the war definitively tipped the balance against Britain. Led by Bernardo de Gálvez, supreme commander of the Spanish forces in North America, their military campaigns against British settlements on the Mississippi River—and later against Mobile and Pensacola—were crucial in preventing Britain from concentrating all its North American military and naval forces on the fight against George Washington’s Continental army. In this first comprehensive biography of Gálvez (1746–86), Gonzalo M. Quintero Saravia assesses the commander’s considerable historical impact and expands our understanding of Spain’s contribution to the war. A man of both empire and the Enlightenment, as viceroy of New Spain (1785–86), Gálvez was also pivotal in the design and implementation of Spanish colonial reforms, which included the reorganization of Spain’s Northern Frontier that brought peace to the region for the duration of the Spanish presence in North America. Extensively researched through Spanish, Mexican, and U.S. archives, Quintero Saravia’s portrait of Gálvez reveals him as central to the histories of the Revolution and late eighteenth-century America and offers a reinterpretation of the international factors involved in the American War for Independence.

Bernardo de Galvez mando las tropas espanolas que participaron en la Guerra de Independencia de Estados Unidos. Sus campanas militares contra los asentamientos britanicos a lo largo del rio Misisipi, asi como en Mobile y Pensacola, resultaron cruciales a la hora de impedirles reagrupar sus fuerzas terrestres y navales para lanzarlas contra las tropas del general Washington, lo que habria cambiado el curso de la guerra. Bernardo de Galvez cuenta con una estatua en el centro de Washington, un retrato en el Congreso de Estados Unidos, una localidad en Texas que lleva su nombre, Galveston, y otra en Luisiana, Galvez; y, sin embargo, su figura aun es bastante desconocida en Espana. Gonzalo M. Quintero Saravia intenta dar a conocer al lector espanol quien fue este personaje historico que llego a ser gobernador de Florida y virrey de Nueva Espana, que combatio a los apaches antes que a los britanicos, en una amplia y precisa biografia que primero fue publicada en ingles en Estados Unidos, con muy buena acogida entre lectores, y medios academicos y de comunicacion. Gonzalo M. Quintero Saravia, tras una extensa investigacion en archivos de Espana, Mexico y Estados Unidos, nos descubre a un personaje que fue tanto un servidor del imperio como un hombre de la Ilustracion, una pieza central tanto de la historia de la Revolucion Norteamericana como de la America de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII, esencial en el diseno y aplicacion de las reformas coloniales espanolas. Pero el libro es mucho mas que una biografia al uso. El autor aprovecha la experiencia vital de Galvez para explicarnos y situarnos en el marco historico en el que se desenvolvio, asi como las tensiones entre las potencias de la epoca y los factores de la politica internacional que se entrecruzaron en una guerra como la de la Independencia de Estados Unidos en la que Espana intervino, aunque nunca fue formalmente aliada de los sublevados.

Una necesaria puesta en valor del protagonismo que tuvo España en la independencia de Estados Unidos y la creación el nuevo equilibrio mundial que surgió del siglo XVIII.Este riguroso y emocionante estudio histórico examina el papel crucial pero a menudo olvidado que España desempeñó durante la Guerra de Independencia de los Estados Unidos. Lejos de ser un mero espectador, la monarquía hispánica de Carlos III se convirtió en un actor determinante en este conflicto global que redibujó el mapa geopolítico del siglo XVIII y sentó las bases del mundo contemporáneo.Gonzalo M. Quintero Saravia analiza con detalle las complejas motivaciones que llevaron a España a involucrarse en la contienda: desde su rivalidad histórica con Gran Bretaña hasta sus propios intereses territoriales en Norteamérica, pasando por sus delicadas relaciones con Francia y su reticencia a apoyar abiertamente a unos rebeldes que cuestionaban la autoridad monárquica. A través de documentos de la época y los testimonios de sus protagonistas, el libro reconstruye las operaciones militares españolas en el Misisipi, el Caribe y el asedio a Gibraltar, así como las intrincadas negociaciones diplomáticas que se desarrollaron en las cortes europeas.Una obra imprescindible que ofrece una nueva perspectiva sobre cómo la participación española fue determinante para el nacimiento de la nación americana y revela cómo, en el complejo tablero de la política internacional, España supo jugar sus cartas para exprimir la máxima de que «el enemigo de mi enemigo es mi amigo».

Although Spain was never a formal ally of the United States during the American Revolution, its entry into the war definitively tipped the balance against Britain. Led by Bernardo de Gálvez, supreme commander of the Spanish forces in North America, their military campaigns against British settlements on the Mississippi River—and later against Mobile and Pensacola—were crucial in preventing Britain from concentrating all its North American military and naval forces on the fight against George Washington’s Continental army. In this first comprehensive biography of Gálvez (1746@–86), Gonzalo M. Quintero Saravia assesses the commander’s considerable historical impact and expands our understanding of Spain’s contribution to the war.A man of both empire and the Enlightenment, as viceroy of New Spain (1785@–86), Gálvez was also pivotal in the design and implementation of Spanish colonial reforms, which included the reorganization of Spain’s Northern Frontier that brought peace to the region for the duration of the Spanish presence in North America. Extensively researched through Spanish, Mexican, and U.S. archives, Quintero Saravia’s portrait of Gálvez reveals him as central to the histories of the Revolution and late eighteenth-century America and offers a reinterpretation of the international factors involved in the American War for Independence.