Patricia Justino – författare

This volume presents an innovative new analytical framework for understanding the dynamics of violent conflict and its impact on people and communities living in contexts of violence. Bringing together the findings of MICROCON, an influential five year research programme funded by the European Commission, this book provides readers with the most current and comprehensive evidence available on violent conflict from a micro-level perspective. MICROCON was the largestprogramme on conflict analysis in Europe from 2007-2011, and its policy outreach has helped to influence EU development policy, and supported policy capacity in many conflict-affected countries.Whilst traditional studies into conflict have been through an international /regional lens with the state as the primary unit of analysis, the micro-level perspective offered by this volume places the individuals, households, groups and communities affected by conflict at the centre of analysis. Studying how people behave in groups and communities; and how they interact with the formal and informal institutions that manage local tensions, is crucial to understanding the conflict cycle. Thesemicro-foundations therefore provide a more in-depth analysis of the causes and consequences of violent conflict. By challenging the ways we think about conflict, this book bridges the gap in evidence, allowing for more specific and accurate policy interventions for conflict resolution and developmentprocesses to help reduce poverty in the lives of those affected by conflict.This volume is divided into four parts. Part I introduces the conceptual framework of MICROCON. Part II focuses on individual and group motivations in conflict processes. Part III highlights the micro-level consequences of violent conflict. The final section of this volume focuses on policy implications and future research agenda.

An open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence. It is free to read at Oxford Academic and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations.This book explores the emergence of wartime governance and its enduring effects on post-conflict state-building, development, and institutional change. Drawing on rich empirical research and original case studies from conflict-affected countries across Africa, Latin America, and Asia, it brings together leading scholars in political science, development studies, and economics to examine how non-state and hybrid actors govern during war, and how these forms of governance interact with, challenge, or complement state authority in the long term. Rather than portraying war solely as a period of state collapse and institutional erosion, this volume reveals the emergence of complex systems of rule that provide public goods, administer justice, and collect revenues. These wartime institutions often reshape postwar political settlements, influencing patterns of state legitimacy, social cohesion, and local development trajectories. By bridging disciplinary boundaries and combining theoretical innovation with grounded fieldwork, the book sheds light on key policy debates about peacebuilding, humanitarian interventions, and institutional reform in fragile contexts. It argues for a nuanced understanding of wartime governance - not merely as a symptom of conflict but as a central force in the political and institutional evolution of societies affected by war. This volume is essential reading for scholars, policy-makers, and practitioners seeking to understand the dynamics of authority, legitimacy, and governance in the world's most challenging settings.

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locationsInternational development cooperation plays a key role in promoting social, economic, and political progress and wellbeing in developing countries. Yet, it has long been clear that the effectiveness of aid is most challenging in countries with weak institutions. It is estimated that by 2030 around a fifth of the world's poorest people will live in fragile and conflict-affected countries. Despite increased attention, much more needs to be done to maximize the effectiveness of aid in these highly complex situations. This book offers fresh, in-depth understandings of the effectiveness of development cooperation in fragile contexts, and where challenges regarding the effectiveness of development cooperation are most pronounced. The empirical chapters combine quantitative macro analysis of cross-country data with detailed country case studies to take stock of past research on the topic, investigate the impact of foreign aid in fragile state contexts, and explore whether and how aid delivered in accordance with the principles of effective development cooperation works in these settings. Cross-national studies provide a broader picture of the topic, while country case studies allow us to identify specific ways in which development cooperation operates. More reflective chapters discuss the feasibility of the effectiveness agenda and provide important insights on how the effectiveness principles could be improved and better put into practice.The collection offers important original contributions to a large body of policy-relevant scholarship on the aid-development nexus, as well as to rapidly evolving research and policy debates on building strong and inclusive state institutions.

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locationsInternational development cooperation plays a key role in promoting social, economic, and political progress and wellbeing in developing countries. Yet, it has long been clear that the effectiveness of aid is most challenging in countries with weak institutions. It is estimated that by 2030 around a fifth of the world's poorest people will live in fragile and conflict-affected countries. Despite increased attention, much more needs to be done to maximize the effectiveness of aid in these highly complex situations. This book offers fresh, in-depth understandings of the effectiveness of development cooperation in fragile contexts, and where challenges regarding the effectiveness of development cooperation are most pronounced. The empirical chapters combine quantitative macro analysis of cross-country data with detailed country case studies to take stock of past research on the topic, investigate the impact of foreign aid in fragile state contexts, and explore whether and how aid delivered in accordance with the principles of effective development cooperation works in these settings. Cross-national studies provide a broader picture of the topic, while country case studies allow us to identify specific ways in which development cooperation operates. More reflective chapters discuss the feasibility of the effectiveness agenda and provide important insights on how the effectiveness principles could be improved and better put into practice.The collection offers important original contributions to a large body of policy-relevant scholarship on the aid-development nexus, as well as to rapidly evolving research and policy debates on building strong and inclusive state institutions.

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locationsInternational development cooperation plays a key role in promoting social, economic, and political progress and wellbeing in developing countries. Yet, it has long been clear that the effectiveness of aid is most challenging in countries with weak institutions. It is estimated that by 2030 around a fifth of the world's poorest people will live in fragile and conflict-affected countries. Despite increased attention, much more needs to be done to maximize the effectiveness of aid in these highly complex situations. This book offers fresh, in-depth understandings of the effectiveness of development cooperation in fragile contexts, and where challenges regarding the effectiveness of development cooperation are most pronounced. The empirical chapters combine quantitative macro analysis of cross-country data with detailed country case studies to take stock of past research on the topic, investigate the impact of foreign aid in fragile state contexts, and explore whether and how aid delivered in accordance with the principles of effective development cooperation works in these settings. Cross-national studies provide a broader picture of the topic, while country case studies allow us to identify specific ways in which development cooperation operates. More reflective chapters discuss the feasibility of the effectiveness agenda and provide important insights on how the effectiveness principles could be improved and better put into practice.The collection offers important original contributions to a large body of policy-relevant scholarship on the aid-development nexus, as well as to rapidly evolving research and policy debates on building strong and inclusive state institutions.

This volume presents an innovative new analytical framework for understanding the dynamics of violent conflict and its impact on people and communities living in contexts of violence. Bringing together the findings of MICROCON, an influential five year research programme funded by the European Commission, this book provides readers with the most current and comprehensive evidence available on violent conflict from a micro-level perspective. MICROCON was the largest programme on conflict analysis in Europe from 2007-2011, and its policy outreach has helped to influence EU development policy, and supported policy capacity in many conflict-affected countries. Whilst traditional studies into conflict have been through an international /regional lens with the state as the primary unit of analysis, the micro-level perspective offered by this volume places the individuals, households, groups and communities affected by conflict at the centre of analysis. Studying how people behave in groups and communities; and how they interact with the formal and informal institutions that manage local tensions, is crucial to understanding the conflict cycle. These micro-foundations therefore provide a more in-depth analysis of the causes and consequences of violent conflict. By challenging the ways we think about conflict, this book bridges the gap in evidence, allowing for more specific and accurate policy interventions for conflict resolution and development processes to help reduce poverty in the lives of those affected by conflict. This volume is divided into four parts. Part I introduces the conceptual framework of MICROCON. Part II focuses on individual and group motivations in conflict processes. Part III highlights the micro-level consequences of violent conflict. The final section of this volume focuses on policy implications and future research agenda.

Latin America is faced with the challenge of achieving the Millennium Developmental Goal to halve poverty in the region by 2015. Historically, this region has experienced persistently high levels of inequality and poverty, the causes and consequences of which are analytically examined here. Adopting a multidimensional approach, this informative book focuses on the mechanisms that lead to higher inequality and emphasizes the role of macroeconomics, trade rules, capital flows and the political electoral process. It analyzes how inequality has hindered development, how it interacts with a nation’s economic, social and political processes, and how inequality constrains these processes in ways that weakens the prospect of establishing and sustaining a dynamic, wealthy and creative society. An international team of specialist contributors investigate and explain these crucial issues. Examining the key economic policies and reforms which have exacerbated the region’s extremely high inequality levels, throughout this book they prescribe an alternative range of policy suggestions to help alleviate inequality and provide the foundations for more equitable development.

Latin America is faced with the challenge of achieving the Millennium Developmental Goal to halve poverty in the region by 2015. Historically, this region has experienced persistently high levels of inequality and poverty, the causes and consequences of which are analytically examined here. Adopting a multidimensional approach, this informative book focuses on the mechanisms that lead to higher inequality and emphasizes the role of macroeconomics, trade rules, capital flows and the political electoral process. It analyzes how inequality has hindered development, how it interacts with a nation’s economic, social and political processes, and how inequality constrains these processes in ways that weakens the prospect of establishing and sustaining a dynamic, wealthy and creative society. An international team of specialist contributors investigate and explain these crucial issues. Examining the key economic policies and reforms which have exacerbated the region’s extremely high inequality levels, throughout this book they prescribe an alternative range of policy suggestions to help alleviate inequality and provide the foundations for more equitable development.