The Indian banking sector has undergone a profound transformation in the wake of successive economic disruptions – the global financial crisis of 2007–09, the local banking crisis of 2013–17, the currency notes ban crisis of 2016–17, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Each episode has exposed latent vulnerabilities in the financial system: inefficiencies in intermediation, the build-up of credit risk, and structural imbalances in competition.This book offers a comprehensive empirical assessment of how the Indian banking industry has evolved in the post-crash era, using bank-level data from 2001 to 2022. Bringing together advanced econometric and frontier methodologies, including a two-stage network DEA metafrontier framework, the Panzar–Rosse approach with dynamic panel estimation, and system GMM techniques, the authors examine three core dimensions of banking performance. The book analyses how successive crises have shaped operational efficiency, competitive conduct, and asset quality across bank ownership categories; evaluates the effectiveness of regulatory reforms including Basel III implementation, the Prompt Corrective Action framework, mergers and recapitalisation of public sector banks, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, and the integration of FinTech innovations; and examines the drivers of credit risk.Post-Crash Development in the Indian Banking Sector will be a valuable reference for those studying comparative banking in emerging-market economies and looking to reform their banking sector.

​ The goal of this book is to assess the efficacy of India’s financial deregulation programme by analyzing the developments in cost efficiency and total factor productivity growth across different ownership types and size classes in the banking sector over the post-deregulation years. The work also gauges the impact of inclusion or exclusion of a proxy for non-traditional activities on the cost efficiency estimates for Indian banks, and ranking of distinct ownership groups. It also investigates the hitherto neglected aspect of the nature of returns-to-scale in the Indian banking industry. In addition, the work explores the key bank-specific factors that explain the inter-bank variations in efficiency and productivity growth. Overall, the empirical results of this work allow us to ascertain whether the gradualist approach to reforming the banking system in a developing economy like India has yielded the most significant policy goal of achieving efficiency and productivity gains. The authors believe that the findings of this book could give useful policy directions and suggestions to other developing economies that have embarked on a deregulation path or are contemplating doing so.

​ The goal of this book is to assess the efficacy of India’s financial deregulation programme by analyzing the developments in cost efficiency and total factor productivity growth across different ownership types and size classes in the banking sector over the post-deregulation years. The work also gauges the impact of inclusion or exclusion of a proxy for non-traditional activities on the cost efficiency estimates for Indian banks, and ranking of distinct ownership groups. It also investigates the hitherto neglected aspect of the nature of returns-to-scale in the Indian banking industry. In addition, the work explores the key bank-specific factors that explain the inter-bank variations in efficiency and productivity growth. Overall, the empirical results of this work allow us to ascertain whether the gradualist approach to reforming the banking system in a developing economy like India has yielded the most significant policy goal of achieving efficiency and productivity gains. The authors believe that the findings of this book could give useful policy directions and suggestions to other developing economies that have embarked on a deregulation path or are contemplating doing so.

​ The goal of this book is to assess the efficacy of India’s financial deregulation programme by analyzing the developments in cost efficiency and total factor productivity growth across different ownership types and size classes in the banking sector over the post-deregulation years. The work also gauges the impact of inclusion or exclusion of a proxy for non-traditional activities on the cost efficiency estimates for Indian banks, and ranking of distinct ownership groups. It also investigates the hitherto neglected aspect of the nature of returns-to-scale in the Indian banking industry. In addition, the work explores the key bank-specific factors that explain the inter-bank variations in efficiency and productivity growth. Overall, the empirical results of this work allow us to ascertain whether the gradualist approach to reforming the banking system in a developing economy like India has yielded the most significant policy goal of achieving efficiency and productivity gains. The authors believe that the findings of this book could give useful policy directions and suggestions to other developing economies that have embarked on a deregulation path or are contemplating doing so.

This open access book examines how banking systems in Asia and the Pacific can remain resilient in the face of future shocks, drawing lessons from past crises and current policy challenges. As climate change, technological disruption, increasing global interconnectedness reshape the banking landscape and pose implications to financial stability, the volume explores key issues including digital transformation, cybersecurity, financial inclusion, crisis preparedness, monetary and prudential policy, central bank digital currencies, and climate-related financial risks. Using evidence from countries across the region, it shows how innovation, regulation, and sustainability are reshaping banking. The volume offers practical policy recommendations for building stable, inclusive, and future-ready financial systems.

This book presents a comprehensive study that conducts a data-driven performance benchmarking exercise for regional school education systems in India, with a clear focus on highlighting disparities and challenges within these systems, as well as providing targeted policy recommendations for potential improvements. The book conducts an in-depth examination of the educational environment, current status, policies, and interventions across schools. It explores why, despite various national initiatives aimed at improving access to and quality of school education, significant gaps persist across Indian states, particularly in the two most populous states, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, which face a range of economic challenges.The book evaluates rankings and efficiency variations in school education development and develops a novel nonparametric efficiency-effectiveness framework to analyze the performance of the school education system. In addition to employing a state-of-the-art meta-BoD-RDM framework for constructing a school education development index, the empirical analysis employs a two-stage network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA) model using survey-based data from schools in India to compute school-wise efficiency and effectiveness scores. These scores are then integrated with a machine learning-based Random Forest algorithm to identify the key factors behind the observed inter-school variations in school efficiency and school effectiveness. The book also discusses progress in school education development during the COVID-19 pandemic. It identifies several key areas that require policy intervention and urgent attention from educationists and governments. This data-enabled benchmarking and analytical study not only contributes to understanding the current landscape but also supports the formulation of future educational policies aimed at effectively addressing the evolving needs of the school education system in India.

The Indian banking sector has undergone a profound transformation in the wake of successive economic disruptions – the global financial crisis of 2007–09, the local banking crisis of 2013–17, the currency notes ban crisis of 2016–17, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Each episode has exposed latent vulnerabilities in the financial system: inefficiencies in intermediation, the build-up of credit risk, and structural imbalances in competition.This book offers a comprehensive empirical assessment of how the Indian banking industry has evolved in the post-crash era, using bank-level data from 2001 to 2022. Bringing together advanced econometric and frontier methodologies, including a two-stage network DEA metafrontier framework, the Panzar–Rosse approach with dynamic panel estimation, and system GMM techniques, the authors examine three core dimensions of banking performance. The book analyses how successive crises have shaped operational efficiency, competitive conduct, and asset quality across bank ownership categories; evaluates the effectiveness of regulatory reforms including Basel III implementation, the Prompt Corrective Action framework, mergers and recapitalisation of public sector banks, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, and the integration of FinTech innovations; and examines the drivers of credit risk.Post-Crash Development in the Indian Banking Sector will be a valuable reference for those studying comparative banking in emerging-market economies and looking to reform their banking sector.

​ The goal of this book is to assess the efficacy of India’s financial deregulation programme by analyzing the developments in cost efficiency and total factor productivity growth across different ownership types and size classes in the banking sector over the post-deregulation years. The work also gauges the impact of inclusion or exclusion of a proxy for non-traditional activities on the cost efficiency estimates for Indian banks, and ranking of distinct ownership groups. It also investigates the hitherto neglected aspect of the nature of returns-to-scale in the Indian banking industry. In addition, the work explores the key bank-specific factors that explain the inter-bank variations in efficiency and productivity growth. Overall, the empirical results of this work allow us to ascertain whether the gradualist approach to reforming the banking system in a developing economy like India has yielded the most significant policy goal of achieving efficiency and productivity gains. The authors believe that the findings of this book could give useful policy directions and suggestions to other developing economies that have embarked on a deregulation path or are contemplating doing so.

​ The goal of this book is to assess the efficacy of India’s financial deregulation programme by analyzing the developments in cost efficiency and total factor productivity growth across different ownership types and size classes in the banking sector over the post-deregulation years. The work also gauges the impact of inclusion or exclusion of a proxy for non-traditional activities on the cost efficiency estimates for Indian banks, and ranking of distinct ownership groups. It also investigates the hitherto neglected aspect of the nature of returns-to-scale in the Indian banking industry. In addition, the work explores the key bank-specific factors that explain the inter-bank variations in efficiency and productivity growth. Overall, the empirical results of this work allow us to ascertain whether the gradualist approach to reforming the banking system in a developing economy like India has yielded the most significant policy goal of achieving efficiency and productivity gains. The authors believe that the findings of this book could give useful policy directions and suggestions to other developing economies that have embarked on a deregulation path or are contemplating doing so.

​ The goal of this book is to assess the efficacy of India’s financial deregulation programme by analyzing the developments in cost efficiency and total factor productivity growth across different ownership types and size classes in the banking sector over the post-deregulation years. The work also gauges the impact of inclusion or exclusion of a proxy for non-traditional activities on the cost efficiency estimates for Indian banks, and ranking of distinct ownership groups. It also investigates the hitherto neglected aspect of the nature of returns-to-scale in the Indian banking industry. In addition, the work explores the key bank-specific factors that explain the inter-bank variations in efficiency and productivity growth. Overall, the empirical results of this work allow us to ascertain whether the gradualist approach to reforming the banking system in a developing economy like India has yielded the most significant policy goal of achieving efficiency and productivity gains. The authors believe that the findings of this book could give useful policy directions and suggestions to other developing economies that have embarked on a deregulation path or are contemplating doing so.

This open access book examines how banking systems in Asia and the Pacific can remain resilient in the face of future shocks, drawing lessons from past crises and current policy challenges. As climate change, technological disruption, increasing global interconnectedness reshape the banking landscape and pose implications to financial stability, the volume explores key issues including digital transformation, cybersecurity, financial inclusion, crisis preparedness, monetary and prudential policy, central bank digital currencies, and climate-related financial risks. Using evidence from countries across the region, it shows how innovation, regulation, and sustainability are reshaping banking. The volume offers practical policy recommendations for building stable, inclusive, and future-ready financial systems.

This book presents a comprehensive study that conducts a data-driven performance benchmarking exercise for regional school education systems in India, with a clear focus on highlighting disparities and challenges within these systems, as well as providing targeted policy recommendations for potential improvements. The book conducts an in-depth examination of the educational environment, current status, policies, and interventions across schools. It explores why, despite various national initiatives aimed at improving access to and quality of school education, significant gaps persist across Indian states, particularly in the two most populous states, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, which face a range of economic challenges.The book evaluates rankings and efficiency variations in school education development and develops a novel nonparametric efficiency-effectiveness framework to analyze the performance of the school education system. In addition to employing a state-of-the-art meta-BoD-RDM framework for constructing a school education development index, the empirical analysis employs a two-stage network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA) model using survey-based data from schools in India to compute school-wise efficiency and effectiveness scores. These scores are then integrated with a machine learning-based Random Forest algorithm to identify the key factors behind the observed inter-school variations in school efficiency and school effectiveness. The book also discusses progress in school education development during the COVID-19 pandemic. It identifies several key areas that require policy intervention and urgent attention from educationists and governments. This data-enabled benchmarking and analytical study not only contributes to understanding the current landscape but also supports the formulation of future educational policies aimed at effectively addressing the evolving needs of the school education system in India.