Robert Schutze – författare

What is the federal philosophy inspiring the structure of European law? The federal principle stands for constitutional arrangements that find "unity in diversity". The two most influential manifestations of the federal principle emerged under the names of "dual" and "cooperative" federalism in the constitutional history of the United States of America. Dual federalism is based on the idea that the federal government and the State governments are co-equals and eachis legislating in a separate sphere. Cooperative federalism, on the other hand, stands for the thought that both governments legislate in the same sphere. They are hierarchically arranged and complement each other in solving a social problem. Can the European Union be understood in federal terms? Thebook''s general part introduces three constitutional traditions of the federal idea. Following the American tradition, the European Union is defined as a Federation of States as it stands on the "middle ground" between international and national law.But what federal philosophy has the European Union followed? The special part of the book investigates the structure of European law. Three arguments are advanced to show the evolution of the European legal order from dual to cooperative federalism. The first looks at the decline of constitutional exclusivity on the part of the Member States and the European Union. For almost all objects of government, the Union and its States operate in a universe of shared powers. The second argumentanalyses the decline of legislative exclusivity. European and national legislation - increasingly - complement each other to solve a social problem. The third argument describes the "constitutionalisation" of cooperative federalism in the form of the principle of subsidiarity and the idea of complementarycompetences. A final Chapter is dedicated to Europe''s foreign affairs federalism. It analyses, whether the external sphere must be regarded as subject to different constitutional or federal principles. The book concludes that cooperative federalism will benefit both levels of government - the Union and the Member States - as the constitutional mechanism of uniform European standards complemented by diverse national standards best expresses the federal idea of "unity in diversity".

What is the federal philosophy inspiring the structure of European law? The federal principle stands for constitutional arrangements that find "unity in diversity". The two most influential manifestations of the federal principle emerged under the names of "dual" and "cooperative" federalism in the constitutional history of the United States of America. Dual federalism is based on the idea that the federal government and the State governments are co-equals and eachis legislating in a separate sphere. Cooperative federalism, on the other hand, stands for the thought that both governments legislate in the same sphere. They are hierarchically arranged and complement each other in solving a social problem. Can the European Union be understood in federal terms? Thebook''s general part introduces three constitutional traditions of the federal idea. Following the American tradition, the European Union is defined as a Federation of States as it stands on the "middle ground" between international and national law.But what federal philosophy has the European Union followed? The special part of the book investigates the structure of European law. Three arguments are advanced to show the evolution of the European legal order from dual to cooperative federalism. The first looks at the decline of constitutional exclusivity on the part of the Member States and the European Union. For almost all objects of government, the Union and its States operate in a universe of shared powers. The second argumentanalyses the decline of legislative exclusivity. European and national legislation - increasingly - complement each other to solve a social problem. The third argument describes the "constitutionalisation" of cooperative federalism in the form of the principle of subsidiarity and the idea of complementarycompetences. A final Chapter is dedicated to Europe''s foreign affairs federalism. It analyses, whether the external sphere must be regarded as subject to different constitutional or federal principles. The book concludes that cooperative federalism will benefit both levels of government - the Union and the Member States - as the constitutional mechanism of uniform European standards complemented by diverse national standards best expresses the federal idea of "unity in diversity".

What are the different market types that shape the European Union''s internal market? Schütze proposes three models that assist in explaining the transitions in the structure of the EU internal market. The international model demands that each state limits its external sovereignty, while retaining internal sovereignty over its national market. The federal model declares that within a "common market" states must lose a part of their internal sovereignty, and inaccordance with the principle of "home state" control, goods are entitled to be sold freely on a "foreign" market in compliance with home state law. The national model proposes that the trade restrictions above a legislative or judicial Union standard should be removed.Schütze''s book analyses the changing structure of European law in relation to the European internal market. The General Part starts out by offering a historical analysis of the relationship between international law and market coordination up to the twentieth century but also provides an in-depth analysis of the constitutional principles which controlled the "integration" of the US "common market". The Special Part then specifically addresses the decline of the international model inrelation to the EU internal market and the corresponding rise of a federal market philosophy after Cassis de Dijon. The final chapter explores the exceptional constitutional principles that apply to fiscal matters.This is the second volume in Schütze''s trilogy on the "Changing Structure of European Law". Exploring the changing structure of negative integration in the past 60 years, the book complements his previous volume "From Dual to Cooperative Federalism" which analysed the evolving structure of positive integration. A third volume will finally explore the formal constitutional aspects in the evolution of the European Union into a federal union of States.

The creation of a common market has been at the heart of the European integration process since the establishment of the European Economic Community in 1957; and it remains central to the European Union today. Building on the first volume of the Oxford Principles of European Law, this treatise provides a systematic analysis of the legal principles governing the establishment and functioning of the EU internal market. Spanning thirty-six chapters, Volume II: The Internal Market thus brings together distinguished academics and practitioners to analyse all aspects of the EU internal market. Part I explores the history and nature of the EU internal market, focusing on international, historical, comparative, and constitutional perspectives. Part II and Part III examine the free movement of goods, both as regards the general rules setting the tone for EU market integration at large as well as its special rules on important policy areas, such as the Common Agricultural Policy. Part IV explores the free movement of persons and Part V discusses the freedom of services and the free movement of capital. Part VI looks at positive integration through Union harmonization and private standard setting. Finally, Part VII deals with the 'external' aspects of the EU internal market and discusses the extent to which the Union has widened its market to non-Member States.Completely up to date with the most recent case law, this book will be invaluable to academics and practitioners in EU and international economic law.

An exceptionally clear and readable overview of EU law, for anyone seeking a concise introduction to the subject. This carefully structured guide provides a succinct yet engaging analysis of the core aspects of EU law, while also equipping students with the tools to further explore a broad and multifaceted subject. Figures and tables clarify complex ideas, and a guide to EU judgments offers valuable practical support.Key features:· Provides succinct coverage of the core elements of EU law · Written in an engaging narrative style that helps students to follow the development of the EU · Contains many useful figures and tables that help to clarify key ideas Digital formats and resources The 5th edition is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats: the e-book and Law Trove offer a mobile experience and convenient access along with functionality tools, navigation features and links that offer extra learning support.For more information about e-books, please visit www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooks

What are the different market types that shape the European Union's internal market? Schütze proposes three models that assist in explaining the transitions in the structure of the EU internal market. The international model demands that each state limits its external sovereignty, while retaining internal sovereignty over its national market. The federal model declares that within a "common market" states must lose a part of their internal sovereignty, and in accordance with the principle of "home state" control, goods are entitled to be sold freely on a "foreign" market in compliance with home state law. The national model proposes that the trade restrictions above a legislative or judicial Union standard should be removed. Schütze's book analyses the changing structure of European law in relation to the European internal market. The General Part starts out by offering a historical analysis of the relationship between international law and market coordination up to the twentieth century but also provides an in-depth analysis of the constitutional principles which controlled the "integration" of the US "common market". The Special Part then specifically addresses the decline of the international model in relation to the EU internal market and the corresponding rise of a federal market philosophy after Cassis de Dijon. The final chapter explores the exceptional constitutional principles that apply to fiscal matters. This is the second volume in Schütze's trilogy on the "Changing Structure of European Law". Exploring the changing structure of negative integration in the past 60 years, the book complements his previous volume "From Dual to Cooperative Federalism" which analysed the evolving structure of positive integration. A third volume will finally explore the formal constitutional aspects in the evolution of the European Union into a federal union of States.

Fiscal federalism refers to the division of fiscal powers — powers to tax and spend — between different levels of government. The European Union (EU) is often seen as a legislative giant on clay feet, and one of the principal reasons for this feebleness is the lack of a significant fiscal capacity at the Union level.EU Fiscal Federalism: Past, Present, Future explores ten aspects of the EU's fiscal constitution relating both to the fiscal limits it imposes on Member States and the evolution of its own fiscal policy. Bringing together an international and distinguished group of scholars, this volume analyses the different legal dimensions of fiscal federalism within the EU, from the various aspects of the single market (free movement, banking union, state aid, tax harmonization) to the EU's budget and Economic and Monetary Union. The essays provide a fascinating overview of the topic as well as a detailed analysis of where EU fiscal federalism stands today and how it might develop in the future. Sweeping and thorough, EU Fiscal Federalism will appeal to academics and students of European Union law as well as to European policymakers.

European Constitutional Law uses a distinctive two-part structure to examine the legal foundations and powers of the European Union. Written in a uniquely engaging style, and full of logical explanations and illuminating analyses, Schütze provides students with the means for a sophisticated study of the subject. Extensive diagrams and tables clarify key concepts and processes; and the book's critical approach ensures awareness of the intricacies of European constitutional law. A practical appendix and the author's companion webpage help students to find and read primary and secondary legal sources.Digital formats and resourcesThe third edition is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats. The e-book offers a mobile experience and convenient access, along with functionality tools, navigation features, and links that offer extra learning support: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooks.

A comprehensive and critical textbook, Schütze's European Union Law uses a distinctive three-part structure to examine the constitutional foundations, legal powers, and substantive law of the European Union. Written in a uniquely engaging style, and full of illuminating analyses, this book provides a thorough and modern guide to the study of the European law. Visual and pedagogical support is offered by the book's numerous diagrams and tables that clarify key concepts and processes, and a practical appendix helps students to find and read primary and secondary legal sources.Digital formats and resourcesThe fourth edition is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats. The e-book offers a mobile experience and convenient access along with functionality tools, navigation features, and links that offer extra learning support: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooks.

What is the federal philosophy inspiring the structure of European law? The federal principle stands for constitutional arrangements that find "unity in diversity". The two most influential manifestations of the federal principle emerged under the names of "dual" and "cooperative" federalism in the constitutional history of the United States of America. Dual federalism is based on the idea that the federal government and the State governments are co-equals and each is legislating in a separate sphere. Cooperative federalism, on the other hand, stands for the thought that both governments legislate in the same sphere. They are hierarchically arranged and complement each other in solving a social problem. Can the European Union be understood in federal terms? The book's general part introduces three constitutional traditions of the federal idea. Following the American tradition, the European Union is defined as a Federation of States as it stands on the "middle ground" between international and national law. But what federal philosophy has the European Union followed? The special part of the book investigates the structure of European law. Three arguments are advanced to show the evolution of the European legal order from dual to cooperative federalism. The first looks at the decline of constitutional exclusivity on the part of the Member States and the European Union. For almost all objects of government, the Union and its States operate in a universe of shared powers. The second argument analyses the decline of legislative exclusivity. European and national legislation - increasingly - complement each other to solve a social problem. The third argument describes the "constitutionalisation" of cooperative federalism in the form of the principle of subsidiarity and the idea of complementary competences. A final Chapter is dedicated to Europe's foreign affairs federalism. It analyses, whether the external sphere must be regarded as subject to different constitutional or federal principles. The book concludes that cooperative federalism will benefit both levels of government - the Union and the Member States - as the constitutional mechanism of uniform European standards complemented by diverse national standards best expresses the federal idea of "unity in diversity".

Since the 1957 Rome Treaty, the European Union has changed dramatically - in terms of its composition, scope and depth. Originally established by six Western European States, the EU today has 28 Members and covers almost the entire European continent; and while initially confined to establishing a "common market", the EU has come to influence all areas of political, economic and social life. In parallel with this enormous geographic and thematic expansion, the constitutional and legislative principles underpinning the European Union have constantly evolved. This three-volume study aims to provide an authoritative academic treatment of European Union law. Written by leading scholars and practitioners, each chapter offers a comprehensive and critical assessment of the state of the law. Doctrinal in presentation, each volume nonetheless tries to present a broader historical and comparative perspective. Volume I provides an analysis of the constitutional principles governing the European Union. It covers the history of the EU, the constitutional foundations, the institutional framework, legislative and executive governance, judicial protection, and external relations. Volume II explores the structure of the internal market, while Volume III finally analyses the internal and external substantive policies of the EU.

What is the federal philosophy inspiring the structure of European law? The federal principle stands for constitutional arrangements that find 'unity in diversity'. The two most influential manifestations of the federal principle emerged under the names of 'dual' and 'cooperative' federalism in the constitutional history of the United States of America. Dual federalism is based on the idea that the federal government and the State governments are co-equals and each is legislating in a separate sphere. Cooperative federalism, on the other hand, stands for the thought that both governments legislate in the same sphere. They are hierarchically arranged and complement each other in solving a social problem. Can the European Union be understood in federal terms? The book's general part introduces three constitutional traditions of the federal idea. Following the American tradition, the European Union is defined as a Federation of States as it stands on the 'middle ground' between international and national law.But what federal philosophy has the European Union followed? The special part of the book investigates the structure of European law. Three arguments are advanced to show the evolution of the European legal order from dual to cooperative federalism. The first looks at the decline of constitutional exclusivity on the part of the Member States and the European Union. For almost all objects of government, the Union and its States operate in a universe of shared powers. The second argument analyses the decline of legislative exclusivity. European and national legislation - increasingly - complement each other to solve a social problem. The third argument describes the 'constitutionalisation' of cooperative federalism in the form of the principle of subsidiarity and the idea of complementary competences. A final Chapter is dedicated to Europe's foreign affairs federalism. It analyses, whether the external sphere must be regarded as subject to different constitutional or federal principles. The book concludes that cooperative federalism will benefit both levels of government - the Union and the Member States - as the constitutional mechanism of uniform European standards complemented by diverse national standards best expresses the federal idea of 'unity in diversity'.

This fully updated text is a collection of the essential primary and secondary law of the European Union that quickly and effectively guides students to the material they need during exams and lectures. Part I contains the European Union''s primary law in consolidated form. Part II offers a selection of the essential pieces of European Union legislation in five core areas of particular importance to undergraduate and graduate studies, namely: the EU institutions, the internal market, competition law, social policy and consumer protection. Lisbon numbering is used throughout, and colour-coded content will facilitate easy navigation. An annex contains all relevant UK statutes - from the 1972 European Communities Act to the 2017 European Union (Withdrawal) Bill. This update takes Brexit into account, with a new section providing an overview of the Brexit-relevant British statutes.

This fully updated text is a collection of the essential primary and secondary law of the European Union that quickly and effectively guides students to the material they need during exams and lectures. Part I contains the European Union''s primary law in consolidated form. Part II offers a selection of the essential pieces of European Union legislation in five core areas of particular importance to undergraduate and graduate studies, namely: the EU institutions, the internal market, competition law, social policy and consumer protection. Lisbon numbering is used throughout, and colour-coded content will facilitate easy navigation. An annex contains all relevant UK statutes - from the 1972 European Communities Act to the 2017 European Union (Withdrawal) Bill. This update takes Brexit into account, with a new section providing an overview of the Brexit-relevant British statutes.

European law has come to influence almost all fields of national law, including administrative, constitutional, contract, criminal and even tort law. But what is the European Union? How does it work? How does it produce European law? This book uses a clear framework to guide readers through all core constitutional and substantive topics of EU law. New content includes: a Brexit chapter covering the negotiation process and the possible future relationships between the United Kingdom and the European Union, new EU private international law and EU criminal law sections, and extended coverage of delegated legislation, human rights and free movement of persons. All chapters reflect judicial and legislative practice up to 31st December 2017. Key features include case extracts accompanied by extensive critical discussion of the theoretical and practical aspects of EU law, over 100 figures and tables clarifying complex topics and a companion website with full ''Lisbonised'' versions of cited cases and many extra materials.

Written with exceptional clarity and fully updated from the first edition, the second edition of European Constitutional Law constitutes a classic textbook for students and practitioners of European law. Using a clear structural framework, the text guides readers through all of the core constitutional topics of EU law. Extracts from classic case law are complemented with extensive and critical discussion of the theoretical and practical aspects of the European Union and its law, leading students to a deep understanding of the subject. Chapters are enriched with more than fifty colour figures and tables, which clarify complex topics and illustrate relationships and processes. New suggestions for further reading direct students to significant pieces of academic literature for deeper self-study, and a companion website with full ''Lisbonised'' versions of the cases cited in the text completes the learning package.

What is the purpose of comparative constitutional law? Comparing constitutions allows us to consider the similarities and differences in forms of government, and the normative philosophies behind constitutional choices. Constitutional comparisons offer ''hermeneutic'' help: they enable us to see ''our'' own constitution with different eyes and to locate its structural and normative choices by references to alternatives evident in other constitutional orders. This Cambridge Companion presents readers with a succinct yet wide-ranging companion to a modern comparative constitutional law course, offering a wide-ranging yet concise introduction to the subject. Its twenty-two chapters are arranged into five thematic parts: starting with an exploration of the ''theoretical foundations'' (Part I) and some important ''historical experiences'' (Part II), it moves on to a discussion of the core ''constitutional principles'' (Part III) and ''state institutions'' (Part IV); finally it analyses forms of ''transnational'' constitutionalism (Part V) that have emerged in our ''global'' times.

What is the purpose of comparative constitutional law? Comparing constitutions allows us to consider the similarities and differences in forms of government, and the normative philosophies behind constitutional choices. Constitutional comparisons offer ''hermeneutic'' help: they enable us to see ''our'' own constitution with different eyes and to locate its structural and normative choices by references to alternatives evident in other constitutional orders. This Cambridge Companion presents readers with a succinct yet wide-ranging companion to a modern comparative constitutional law course, offering a wide-ranging yet concise introduction to the subject. Its twenty-two chapters are arranged into five thematic parts: starting with an exploration of the ''theoretical foundations'' (Part I) and some important ''historical experiences'' (Part II), it moves on to a discussion of the core ''constitutional principles'' (Part III) and ''state institutions'' (Part IV); finally it analyses forms of ''transnational'' constitutionalism (Part V) that have emerged in our ''global'' times.

How should political power be divided within and among national peoples? Is the nineteenth-century theory of the sovereign and unitary State still fit for purpose in the twenty-first century? If not, can federalism provide a viable alternative model? This collection looks at federalism from the perspective of constitutional law. Taking the United Kingdom as a case study, Part One tracks the historical evolution of the ''Union'' and explores the various expressions of federalism that emerged between the eighteenth and twentieth centuries. Part Two then assesses the experience of sovereignty-sharing with other nations in the context of international cooperation. Drawing on the expertise of the foremost commentators in their field, The United Kingdom and the Federal Idea provides a timely and reflective evaluation of how constitutional authority is being re-ordered within and beyond the United Kingdom.

How should political power be divided within and among national peoples? Is the nineteenth-century theory of the sovereign and unitary State still fit for purpose in the twenty-first century? If not, can federalism provide a viable alternative model? This collection looks at federalism from the perspective of constitutional law. Taking the United Kingdom as a case study, Part One tracks the historical evolution of the ''Union'' and explores the various expressions of federalism that emerged between the eighteenth and twentieth centuries. Part Two then assesses the experience of sovereignty-sharing with other nations in the context of international cooperation. Drawing on the expertise of the foremost commentators in their field, The United Kingdom and the Federal Idea provides a timely and reflective evaluation of how constitutional authority is being re-ordered within and beyond the United Kingdom.

How should political power be divided within and among national peoples? Is the nineteenth-century theory of the sovereign and unitary State still fit for purpose in the twenty-first century? If not, can federalism provide a viable alternative model? This collection looks at federalism from the perspective of constitutional law. Taking the United Kingdom as a case study, Part One tracks the historical evolution of the ‘Union’ and explores the various expressions of federalism that emerged between the eighteenth and twentieth centuries. Part Two then assesses the experience of sovereignty-sharing with other nations in the context of international cooperation. Drawing on the expertise of the foremost commentators in their field, The United Kingdom and the Federal Idea provides a timely and reflective evaluation of how constitutional authority is being re-ordered within and beyond the United Kingdom.

Did the Lisbon Treaty represent a turning point in national parliaments’ roles within the European Union (EU)? 10 years after its entry into force, and after the EU has undergone significant changes, this book is the first lengthy publication that comprehensively assesses where national parliaments stand, both in a national and in a European perspective. To this end, it demonstrates how national parliaments increasingly interact with a growing number of EU institutions, and with their counterparts, and what functions these relationships fulfil. It also considers to what extent national parliaments have become ‘Europeanised national institutions’ actively involved in EU affairs on a domestic level, primarily on the basis of an analysis of the national parliaments of the largest EU Member States – France, Germany, Italy, Poland and Spain. Despite Brexit, the British Parliament too is examined where appropriate owing to its long-standing status as frontrunner in national parliaments’ involvement in EU affairs. The book concludes that national parliaments have undoubtedly ceased to be absent from this field, as they have become much more actively engaged. Yet, some improvements remain necessary to ensure adequate levels of transparency, efficiency and sustainability, as well as to guarantee that engaging in EU affairs is attractive to national parliamentarians.

This book revisits the Treaty of Lisbon’s promise to further parliamentarize the EU’s functioning by looking into the Treaty-law framework governing the delegation of legislative power in the EU. In this field, the Lisbon Treaty formally greatly strengthened the position of the European Parliament vis-à-vis both the European Commission and the Council. The book explores whether Parliament’s formally reinforced role is reflected in the actual balance of powers in the area of delegated legislation and executive rule-making. It does so by assessing how both the law and practice of decision-making at the legislative level, looking at specific case studies, and the sub-legislative level, examining the scrutiny over delegated legislation, has crystallized in the ten years following the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty. This rigorous study gives a fascinating insight into one of the most significant developments in European parliamentary law-making, which EU constitutional lawyers will find required reading.

How should political power be divided within and among national peoples? Is the nineteenth-century theory of the sovereign and unitary State still fit for purpose in the twenty-first century? If not, can federalism provide a viable alternative model? This collection looks at federalism from the perspective of constitutional law. Taking the United Kingdom as a case study, Part One tracks the historical evolution of the ‘Union’ and explores the various expressions of federalism that emerged between the eighteenth and twentieth centuries. Part Two then assesses the experience of sovereignty-sharing with other nations in the context of international cooperation. Drawing on the expertise of the foremost commentators in their field, The United Kingdom and the Federal Idea provides a timely and reflective evaluation of how constitutional authority is being re-ordered within and beyond the United Kingdom.

From Van Gend en Loos and Costa v ENEL to Cassis de Dijon and Consten and Grundig, Landmark Cases in EU Law explores the most important and well-known EU law cases in two volumes. These volumes show how the European Court of Justice has played a fundamental role in the construction of the European Union in the past 70 years. Many EU ‘landmark’ cases have been controversial, yet no-one can deny that they have been essential in defining the Union legal order as we find it today.Volume 1 explores the ‘constitutional’ cases that have come to define the legal nature and competences of the Union, its judicial architecture as well as its fundamental rights system. Each of the twenty cases within this volume is placed in its historical and doctrinal context, and each chapter also presents the history of its reception by the Court and academia.

From Van Gend en Loos and Costa v ENEL to Cassis de Dijon and Consten and Grundig, Landmark Cases in EU Law explores the most important and well-known EU law cases in two volumes. These volumes show how the European Court of Justice has played a fundamental role in the construction of the European Union in the past 70 years. Many EU ''landmark'' cases have been controversial, yet no-one can deny that they have been essential in defining the Union legal order as we find it today.Volume 1 explores the ''constitutional'' cases that have come to define the legal nature and competences of the Union, its judicial architecture as well as its fundamental rights system. Each of the twenty cases within this volume is placed in its historical and doctrinal context, and each chapter also presents the history of its reception by the Court and academia.

From Van Gend en Loos and Costa v ENEL to Cassis de Dijon and Consten and Grundig, Landmark Cases in EU Law explores the most important and well-known EU law cases in two volumes. These volumes show how the European Court of Justice has played a fundamental role in the construction of the European Union in the past 70 years. Many EU ''landmark'' cases have been controversial, yet no-one can deny that they have been essential in defining the Union legal order as we find it today.Volume 1 explores the ''constitutional'' cases that have come to define the legal nature and competences of the Union, its judicial architecture as well as its fundamental rights system. Each of the twenty cases within this volume is placed in its historical and doctrinal context, and each chapter also presents the history of its reception by the Court and academia.

From Van Gend en Loos and Costa v ENEL to Cassis de Dijon and Consten and Grundig, Landmark Cases in EU Law explores the most important and well-known EU law cases in two volumes. These volumes show how the European Court of Justice has played a fundamental role in the construction of the European Union in the past 70 years. Many EU ‘landmark’ cases have been controversial, yet no-one can deny that they have been essential in defining the Union legal order as we find it today.Volume 1 explores the ‘constitutional’ cases that have come to define the legal nature and competences of the Union, its judicial architecture as well as its fundamental rights system. Each of the twenty cases within this volume is placed in its historical and doctrinal context, and each chapter also presents the history of its reception by the Court and academia.

From Van Gend en Loos and Costa v ENEL to Cassis de Dijon and Consten and Grundig, Landmark Cases in EU Law explores the most important and well-known EU law cases in two volumes. These volumes show how the European Court of Justice has played a fundamental role in the construction of the European Union in the past 70 years. Many EU ‘landmark’ cases have been controversial, yet no-one can deny that they have been essential in defining the Union legal order as we find it today.Volume 2 explores the ‘substantive’ cases that have shaped the Union’s internal market, its competition law as well as its internal and external policies. Each of the twenty cases within this volume is placed in its historical and doctrinal context, and each chapter also presents the history of its reception by the Court and academia.