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5 produkter
5 produkter
Between Prison and Probation
Intermediate Punishments in a Rational Sentencing System
Häftad, Engelska, 1991
233 kr
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In this work two leading American criminologists argue that fundamental sentencing reforms are needed before the US corrections system can contend with an escalating crime rate. They recommend the adoption of intermediate punishments - community-based sanctions of increasing severity - which can fill the gap between costly and punitive incarceration currently reserved for a minority of convicted offenders and parole served by the majority of offenders. The authors first analyse the evolution of sentencing in America and consider why intermediate punishments successfully applied in other countries have failed in the US. The authors examine a range of intermediate punishments such as intensive probation, fines, community service orders, and drug treatment programmes, as well as the types of criminals they are applicable for, their enforceability and effectiveness, and the major objections to their use.
198 kr
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Despite the perennial claims of politicians that our courts are coddling hardened criminals, the fact is that America already sends a higher proportion of its citizens to prison--and for longer terms--than any other western nation. To quote the Canadian House of Commons's Committee on Justice, "If locking up those who violate the law contributed to safer societies, then the United States should be the safest country in the world." Yet despite well-documented and mounting evidence that increased penalties alone cannot reduce crime, the Reagan and Bush administrations repeatedly lobbied for tougher mandatory sentences and more prisons. Although black crime rates have been stable for twenty years, the number and percentages of blacks in jail and prison have skyrocketed since Ronald Reagan took office. The trend continues with President Clinton, who recently called for "three strikes you're out" legislation dictating mandatory life sentences for third felony convictions.In Malign Neglect, Michael Tonry addresses these paradoxes with passion and lucidity. Drawing on a vast compendium of the latest statistical, legal and social science research, he takes on the explosive issues of race, crime and punishment. As unconventional as he is committed, Tonry confronts uncomfortable truths head-on. On the one hand, he is outraged by politicians' talk of Willy Horton and Welfare Queens. The texts may be crime and welfare, Tonry writes, but the subtext is race. While he recognizes that the disadvantaged have no license to attack, rape or steal, and that the absolution of disadvantaged offenders would require a cynical acceptance of the suffering of victims, he argues powerfully that crime control policies can be recast so that, without diminishing public safety, they do less harm to disadvantaged black Americans. Tonry presents devastating evidence that our current policies are decimating black communities, and impeding the movement of disadvantaged black Americans into the social and economic mainstream of modern America.A blistering attack on worn-out misconceptions about race, poverty, crime and punishment and a fearless prescription for change, Malign Neglect is an indispensable briefing paper on a topic which goes to the heart and soul of the nation.
977 kr
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This volume brings together articles on sentencing reform in the United States, other English-speaking countries (Australia, Canada, England, Wales, New Zealand, South Africa), and Western Europe, by leading national and international authorities on sentencing policy, practices, and institutions. The articles, by leading experts, are short, timely, and readable, and originally appeared in the journal Overcrowded Times.
446 kr
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This volume gathers together a topical collection of articles on penal reform in the United States, Europe, Japan and other English-speaking countries. Unique and wide-ranging, the volume offers some of the broadest efforts to charaterise recent penal trends and analyse their causes and consequences. The articles, written by national and international authorities, originally appeared in the journal Overcrowded Times, and have been updated and presented with a new introduction. and international authorities on penal policy, practices and institutions. The articles originally appeared in the journalOvercrowded Times, available to a limited audience, and will be updated and presented with a new introduction. The volume, like Sentencing Reform in Overcrowded Times (OUP, 1997), will be unique in gathering together material on penal policy development and research, and the first to present an international, comparative focus. It offers some of the broadest efforts to characterise recent penal trends and analyse their causes and consequences. international on penal reform
283 kr
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Crime is an American preoccupation. Campaigns such as "the war on drugs," zero tolerance policing, and three strikes and you're out--not to mention the ever-shrill coverage of crime stories-all suggest a perpetually outraged nation determined to keep its criminal element at bay, no matter the cost.But is this really what average Americans think about crime and crime control measures? Or is the "no holds barred" approach merely another oscillation in an ongoing cycle of intolerance and tolerance in American thinking? Have prevailing but short-lived sensibilities on crime overruled our common sense?In this wide-ranging analysis, Michael Tonry argues that those responsible for crafting America's criminal justice policy have lost their way in a forest of good intentions, political cynicism, and public anxieties. American crime control politics over time have created a punishment system no one would knowingly have chosen yet one that no one seems able to change. Fueled by knee-jerk rhetoric and moral panics, the current crime control regime is founded on short-term thinking and the personal ambitions of politicians terrified of appearing "soft on crime," rather than on policies that work.Tonry demonstrates that attitudes toward crime in America are cyclical. Prevailing sensibilities rather than timeless truths govern the American war on crime, resulting in policies both wasteful and harsh. U.S. crime trends closely resemble those of other nations, yet American policies are very different. The evolution of the war on drugs is an example; sentencing grew steadily harsher long after the drug problem itself eased. Seamlessly blending history with an easy presentation of day-to-day realities and empirical evidence, Tonry proposes tangible, specific solutions that can serve as a platform for criminal justice reform.A spirited manifesto rooted in a lifetime of crime expertise, Tonry's book calls on politician and policymakers to choose the right path, not the easy or politically expedient one. We know how to create an effective and humane criminal justice system. Now we must have the courage to do so, by abandoning the current status quo, which is both costly and cruel in favor of practices that will move America closer to the mainstream of contemporary Western values.