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Vår hedniska trosvärld ägde en rikedom på fantasieggande gestalter. Där fanns åskguden Tor med sin träffsäkra hammare Mjölner, den enögde och spjutbeväpnade Oden på sin åttabenta häst Sleipner, de erotiskt sinnade vanerna Frej och Freja, den blide och gode Balder, den listige Loke, de stridslystna och farliga jättarna. De gamla gudarna var inga upphöjda, felfria varelser utan hade mänskliga svagheter och gjorde ofta rejält bort sig. Myterna innehåller ett stort mått av komik, men över gudarnas tillvaro vilar samtidigt en djup tragik. Den ordnade värld som de har skapat till glädje för människorna och sig själva kommer att gå under i Ragnarök. Allt skall återgå till det kaos som rådde i urtiden. Det är en jämlik trosvärld, där gudinnorna är lika mäktiga som sina manliga motsvarigheter och där kvinnliga väsen faktiskt har det yttersta avgörandet: nornorna bestämmer över allas öden. Ebbe Schön, som är folklorist och litteraturvetare, presenterar i den första delen av boken ett närstudium av de viktigaste verken om hedendomen, "Snorres Edda" och "Den poetiska Eddan". Bägge är skrivna i början av 1200-talet men vilar delvis på mycket gamla traditioner. Det är frågan om muntliga motiv som har varit spridda över stora områden under vikingatiden. Märkligt nog levde rester av asatron här och där kvar ännu under 1900-talet. En hel del människor sade sig ha upplevt möten med både Tor och Oden och trodde på Frejas makt över fruktbarheten. Detta skildras i bokens senare del.

This issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics, Guest Edited by Drs. Mohammad Shenasa, Prashanthan Sanders, and Stanley Nattel, is dedicated to Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation: Appraisal of AF Risk Stratification. This is one of four issues selected each year by the series Consulting Editors, Ranjan K. Thakur and Andrea Natale. Topics include, but are not limited to, Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation; Hypertension, Prehypertension, Hypertensive Heart Disease and Atrial Fibrillation; Pulmonary Disease, Pulmonary Hypertension and Atrial Fibrillation; Heart Failure with Preserved (HFpEF) and Reduced (HFrEF) LV Systolic Function, Diastolic Dysfunction; Coronary Artery Disease; ECG and Echo Abnormalities in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Risk Factors; Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders; Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Atrial Fibrillation; Renal Disease; Sleep Apnea and Atrial Fibrillation; Channelopathies in Atrial Fibrillation; Implications of Inflammation and Myocardial Fibrosis in Atrial Fibrillation; Role of Biomarkers in Atrial Fibrillation; Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Other Cardiomyopathies in Atrial Fibrillation; Atrial Fibrillation in Valvular Heart Disease; Atrial Fibrillation in Adult Congenital Heart Disease; Exercise and Athletic Activity in Atrial Fibrillation; Post-op Atrial Fibrillation; Autonomic Dysfunction and Neurohormonal Disorders in Atrial Fibrillation; Social Risk Factors; Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke; Screening for Atrial Fibrillation Risk Factors; Primary Care and Internists Perspective on Atrial Fibrillation Risk Factors; and Lifestyle as a Risk Factor for Atrial Fibrillation.

Field Effect Transistors is an essential read for anyone interested in the future of electronics, as it provides a comprehensive yet accessible exploration of innovative semiconductor devices and their applications, making it a perfect resource for both beginners and seasoned professionals in the field. Miniaturization has become the slogan of the electronics industry. Field Effect Transistors serves as a short encyclopedia for young minds looking for solutions in the miniaturization of semiconductor devices. It explores the characteristics, novel materials used, modifications in device structure, and advancements in model FET devices. Though many devices following Moore’s Law have been proposed and designed, a complete history of the existing and proposed semiconductor devices is not available. This book focuses on developments and research in emerging semiconductor FET devices and their applications, providing unique coverage of topics covering recent advancements and novel concepts in the field of miniaturized semiconductor devices. Field Effect Transistors is an easy-to-understand guide, making it excellent for those who are new to the subject, giving insight and analysis of recent developments and developed semiconductor device structures along with their applications.

In this book, leading experts from around the world present the latest knowledge on the risk factors for peri-implant diseases and also examine the prevalence, etiology, and treatment strategy. Reports have suggested that a variety of risk factors, including poor oral hygiene, a history of periodontitis, diabetes, smoking, lack of keratinized mucosa, and implant surface topography, are associated with these diseases. Periodontally compromised patients who do not adhere completely to the supportive periodontal therapy have been found to present a higher implant failure rate, and several studies have shown that periodontal pathogens can translocate from periodontally involved teeth to the peri-implant sulci in partially dentate patients, highlighting the importance of periodontal treatment of the residual dentition prior to placement of dental implants. Recently a new concept was proposed as intraindividual variation exists in core microbiota in peri-implantitis and periodontitis. In elucidating the strength of association of peri-implant diseases with all of the risk factors identified to date, the book will be of interest to practitioners and other professionals in the field.

In this book, leading experts from around the world present the latest knowledge on the risk factors for peri-implant diseases and also examine the prevalence, etiology, and treatment strategy. Reports have suggested that a variety of risk factors, including poor oral hygiene, a history of periodontitis, diabetes, smoking, lack of keratinized mucosa, and implant surface topography, are associated with these diseases. Periodontally compromised patients who do not adhere completely to the supportive periodontal therapy have been found to present a higher implant failure rate, and several studies have shown that periodontal pathogens can translocate from periodontally involved teeth to the peri-implant sulci in partially dentate patients, highlighting the importance of periodontal treatment of the residual dentition prior to placement of dental implants. Recently a new concept was proposed as intraindividual variation exists in core microbiota in peri-implantitis and periodontitis. In elucidating the strength of association of peri-implant diseases with all of the risk factors identified to date, the book will be of interest to practitioners and other professionals in the field.

This short monograph presents an analysis and design methodology for shape memory alloy (SMA) components such as wires, beams, and springs for different applications. The solid-solid, diffusionless phase transformations in thermally responsive SMA allows them to demonstrate unique characteristics like superelasticity and shape memory effects. The combined sensing and actuating capabilities of such materials allows them to provide a system level response by combining multiple functions in a single material system. In SMA, the combined mechanical and thermal loading effects influence the functionality of such materials.The aim of this book is to make the analysis of these materials accessible to designers by developing a "strength of materials" approach to the analysis and design of such SMA components inspired from their various applications with a review of various factors influencing the design process for such materials.

The book contains nice and relevant original papers, authored by some of the most outstanding researchers in the field, and since it can serve, as the editors point out in the Preface, as a small handbook on aggregation, the book is very useful for those entering the subject for the first time.

This book describes the current status of major parts of the theory of aggregation operators and examines potential areas for its applications. The authors have gathered self-contained papers and present essential material on selected topics in a comprehensive manner. In doing so they avoid tedious proofs and unnecessary details - this is not the case for several contributions containing new results and ideas which show the latest streaming of aggregation theory and potential application areas. The book is divided in four parts. The first part contains an overview of aggregation operators, including construction methods and different classes of aggregation operators. The second part is devoted to the theoretical aspects of aggregation and the third part looks at the field of applications. The final part offers an alternative look at the aggregation of verbal variables as fuzzy quantities.

Prominent international researchers contributed to this volume of reports advancing the study of brain function and morphology. Comprising investigations in several areas of neuroscience, the book includes research in neurodegenerative diseases and in neuroregeneration in adults. Described here are the effects of neuropeptides and biogenic amines on feeding, respiration, and other autonomic functions as well as on behavior. One chapter focuses on regulation of the blood brain barrier function by various neuropeptides, proteins, receptors, and transporters. Another is concerned with the modulation of higher brain functions by neuropeptides and biogenic monoamines. Yet another chapter presents research on ischemic neuronal damage and hippocampal neurogenesis in the adult mouse. Morphological or physiological techniques to study neuropeptides and neuromodulators influencing higher-order or brain-stem functions are given particular attention. The use of bio-imaging tools such as brain navigation systems and fMRIs with patients in a clinical setting creates new possibilities for investigation of human brain function and specialization of treatment.

Prominent international researchers contributed to this volume of reports advancing the study of brain function and morphology. Comprising investigations in several areas of neuroscience, the book includes research in neurodegenerative diseases and in neuroregeneration in adults. Described here are the effects of neuropeptides and biogenic amines on feeding, respiration, and other autonomic functions as well as on behavior. One chapter focuses on regulation of the blood brain barrier function by various neuropeptides, proteins, receptors, and transporters. Another is concerned with the modulation of higher brain functions by neuropeptides and biogenic monoamines. Yet another chapter presents research on ischemic neuronal damage and hippocampal neurogenesis in the adult mouse. Morphological or physiological techniques to study neuropeptides and neuromodulators influencing higher-order or brain-stem functions are given particular attention. The use of bio-imaging tools such as brain navigation systems and fMRIs with patients in a clinical setting creates new possibilities for investigation of human brain function and specialization of treatment.

This book produces the research findings of Asia Competitiveness Institute (ACI)'s inaugural attempt to construct an Ease of Doing Business (EDB) index on Attractiveness to Investors, Business Friendliness and Competitive Policies (ABC), which is applied to 21 sub-national economies of India.

The inability of forecasters to accurately predict the recent recession emphasizes the need for better ways for charting the course of the economy. In this volume, economists examine forecasting techniques developed over the past ten years, compare their performance to traditional econometric models, and discuss new methods for forecasting and time series analysis. The volume begins with an examination of the historical performance of economic forecasts, using data collected from a quarterly survey of macroeconomic forecasters from 1968 through 1990. Strengths and weaknesses of these predictions are discussed and new insights into the potential and limitations of forecasting are provided. The following three chapters use recently developed statistical techniques for predicting recessions and expansions, and examine the performance of these techniques during the 1990-91 recession. Chapter five explores why the spread between public and private interest rates has been a good predictor of real economic activity. Chapter six examines the relation between the duration of a business cycle and the likelihood of its end.The final two chapters discuss methods for economic time series and forecasting.

This reference guide brings together a wide range of critical data on the effect of creep and other long term effects on plastics and elastomers, enabling engineers to make optimal material choices and design decisions. The data are supported by explanations of how to make use of the data in real world engineering contexts and provides the long-term properties data that designers need to create a product that will stand the test of time.This new edition represents a full update of the data, removing all obsolete data, adding new data, and updating the list of plastics manufacturers. Additional plastics have also been included for polyesters, polyamides and others where available, including polyolefins, elastomers and fluoropolymers. Entirely new sections on biodegradable polymers and thermosets have been added to the book.The level of data included - along with the large number of graphs and tables for easy comparison - saves readers the need to contact suppliers, and the selection guide has been fully updated, giving assistance on the questions which engineers should be asking when specifying materials for any given application.

Trustworthy, current data on creep, stress-strain and environmental stress cracking, enabling easier and more effective material selection and product design. Includes expert guidance to help practitioners make best use of the data. Entirely new sections added on sustainable and biodegradable polymers, and thermosets.

The Effect of Temperature and Other Factors on the Properties of Plastics and Elastomers, Fourth Edition provides data on the wide spectrum of plastics and TPEs with special reference to thermal stability. The mechanical, physical and electrical properties of plastics and elastomers are described as a function of temperature and humidity to help with the design of lighter more cost-effective plastic parts to replace metal ones. In this new edition, expertly edited data makes it easy for readers to learn about the properties of plastic materials without having to search the general literature or depend on suppliers.

Additional types of plastics are examined, and the latest data on material characteristics are provided. Complex details such as how the thermal prehistory can effect final mechanical properties, and how temperature scans reveal dynamic mechanical behavior are also examined to build a deeper understanding of the materials.

Fully updated edition features full coverage of the new data, new plastics and applications that have emerged in recent years Features reorganization of plastics data by manufacturer, facilitating quick reference

This book describes the contributions of twenty-two educators and events that have shaped the field of education, often receiving little to no public recognition, including: Edmonia Godelle Highgate, Nannie Helen Burroughs, Selena Sloan Butler, Alonzo Aristotle Crim, Sabbath Schools, and African American Boarding Schools.