Militarization

Roberto J. GonzÁlez is Professor of Anthropology at San Jose State University and author of Militarizing Culture: Essays on the Warfare State.Hugh Gusterson is Professor of International Affairs and Anthropology at George Washington University and author of Drone: Remote Control Warfare.Gustaaf Houtman is editor of Anthropology Today at the Royal Anthropological Institute, London.

“This wonderfully innovative, distinctive, and timely book has the additional value of taking an anthropological approach to militarism. Its editors have been among the key actors in crafting sharp and valuable critiques of the creeping militarization of their disciplines, particularly as practiced by U.S.-based scholars. This volume offers some of the most cogent explorations of the many-layered workings of militarism.” - Cynthia Enloe, author of (Globalization and Militarism) “Militarism's reach extends far beyond the weapons and armed police and soldiers prowling our streets and deployed around the world, as its rhetoric normalizes violence and war. This deeply intersectional collection insists on the vantage point of militarism's victims, historically and today, while exposing those who profit from it. This volume provides an astonishingly comprehensive introduction to the globalized systems threatening not only individuals, but whole nations, peoples, and cultures, all captured by a profoundly militarized United States.” - Phyllis Bennis, Institute for Policy Studies, author of (Understanding ISIS and the New Global War on Terror) “At just over 400 pages, including a very useful twenty-seven-page bibliography, [Militarization] reflects an enormous and dedicated effort. . . . The book offers us a path to think past our disciplinary fetishization of the lone wordsmith in knowledge production.” - Keith Brown (Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute) “The editors bring a compelling and timely ethic of demilitarization to our discipline. . . . The volume’s strength is its comprehensive coverage and intersectional, multidisciplinary approach to militarization and its impacts.” - Leah Zani (Anthropological Quarterly)

• Editors' Note  xiiiAcknowledgments  xvIntroduction / Roberto J. GonzÁlez  and Hugh Gusterson  1Section I. Militarization and Political EconomyIntroduction / Catherine Lutz  271.1. The U.S. Imperial Triangle and Military Spending / John Bellamy Foster, Hannah Holleman, and Robert W. McChesney  291.2. Farewell Address to the Nation, January 17, 1961 / Dwight D. Eisenhower   361.3. The Militarization of Sports and the Redefinition of Patriotism / William Astore  381.4. Violence, Just in Time: War and Work in Contemporary West Africa / Daniel Hoffman  421.5. Women, Economy, War / Carolyn Nordstrom  51Section II. Military Labor2.1. Soldiering as Work: The All-Volunteer Force in the United States / Beth Bailey  592.2. Sexing the Globe / Sealing Cheng  622.3. Military Monks / Michael Jerryson  672.4. Child Soldiers after War / Brandon Kohrt and Robert Koenig  712.5. Asian Labor in the Wartime Japanese Empire / Paul H. Kratoska  732.6. Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry / P. W. Singer  76Section III. Gender and MilitarismIntroduction / Katherine T. McCaffery  833.1. Gender in Transition: Common Sense, Women, and War / Kimberly Theidon  853.2. The Compassionate Warrior: Wartime Sacrifice / Jean Bethke Elshtain  913.3. Creating Citizens, Making Men: The Military and Masculinity in Bolivia / Lesley Gill  953.4. One of the Guys: Military Women and the Argentine Army / MÁximo BadarÓ  101Section IV. The Emotional Life of MilitarismIntroduction / Catherine Lutz  1094.1. Militarization and the Madness of Everyday Life / Nancy Scheper-Hughes  1114.2. Fear as a Way of Life / Linda Green  1184.3. Evil, the Self, and Survival / Robert Jay Lifton (Interviewed by Harry Kreisler)  1274.4. Target Audience: The Emotional Impact of U.S. Governmental Films on Nuclear Testing / Joseph Masco  130Section V. Rhetorics of MilitarismIntroduction / Andrew Bickford  1415.1. The Militarization of Cherry Blossoms / Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney  1435.2. The "Old West" in the Middle East: U.S. Military Metaphors in Real and Imagined Indian Country / Stephen W. Silliman  1485.3. Ideology, Culture, and the Cold War / Naoko Shidusawa  1545.4. The Military Normal: Feeling at Home with Counterinsurgency in the United States / Catherine Lutz  1575.5. Nuclear Orientalism / Hugh Gusterson  163Section VI. Militarization, Place, and TerritoryIntroduction / Roberto J. GonzÁlez  1676.1. Making War at Home / Catherine Lutz  1686.2. Spillover: The U.S. Military's Sociospatial Impact / Mark L. Gillen  1756.3. Nuclear Landscapes: The Marshall Islands and Its Radioactive Legacy / Barbara Rose Johnston  1816.4. The War on Terror, Dismantling, and the Construction of Place: An Ethnographic Perspective from Palestine / Julie Peteet  1866.5. The Border Wall Is a Metaphor / Jason de LeÓn (Interviewed by Micheline Aharońian Marcom)  192Section VII. Militarized HumanitarianismIntroduction / Catherine Besteman  1977.1. Laboratory of Intervention: The Humanitarian Governance of the Postcommunist Balkan Territories / Mariella Pandolfi  1997.2. Armed for Humanity / Michael Barnett  2037.3. The Passions of Protection: Sovereign Authority and Humanitarian War / Anne Orford  2087.4. Responsibility to Protect or Right to Punish? / Mahmood Mamdani  2127.5. Utopias of Power: From Human Security to the Presponsibility to Protect / Chowra Makaremi  218Section VIII. Militarism and the MediaIntroduction / Hugh Gusterson  2238.1. Pentagon Pundits / David Barstow (Interview by Amy Goodman)  2248.2. Operation Hollywood / David L. Robb (Interviewed by Jeff Fleischer)  2308.3. Discipline and Publish / Mark Pedelty  2348.4. The Enola Gay on Display / John Whittier Treat  2398.5. War Porn: Hollywood and War, from World War II to American Sniper / Peter van Buren  243Section IX. Militarizing KnowledgeIntroduction / David H. Price  2499.1. Boundary Displacement: The State, the Foundations, and International and Area Studies during and after the Cold War / Bruce Cumings  2519.2. The Career of Cold War Psychology / Ellen Herman  2549.3. Scientific Colonialism / Johan Galtung  2599.4. Research ni Foreign Areas / Ralph L. Beals  2659.5. Rethinking the Promise of Critical Education / Henry A. Giroux (Interviewed by Chronis Polychroniou)  270Section X. Militarization and the BodyIntroduction / Roberto J. GonzÁlez  27510.1. Nuclear War, the Gulf War, and the Disappearing Body / Hugh Gusterson  27610.2. The Structure of War: The Juxtaposition of Injuried Bodies and Unanchored Issues / Elaine Scarry  28310.3. The Enhanced Warfighter / Kenneth Ford and Clark Glymour  29110.4. Suffering Child: An Embodiment of War and Its Aftermath in Post-Sandinista Nicaragua / James Quesada  296Section XI. Militarism and TechnologyIntroduction / Hugh Gusterson  30311.1. Giving Up the Gun: Japan's Reversion to the Sword, 1543–1879 / Noel Perrin  30511.2. Life Underground: Building the American Bunker Society / Joseph Masco  30711.3. Militarizing Space / David H. Price  31611.4. Embodiment and Affect in a Digital Age: Understanding Mental Illness among Military Drone Personnel / Alex Edney-Browne 31911.5. Land Mines and Cluster Bombs: "Weapons of Mass Destruction in Slow Motion" / H. Patricia Hynes  32411.6. Pledge of Non-Participation / Lisbeth Gronlund and David Wright  32811.7. The Scientists' Call to Ban Autonomous Lethal Robots / International Committee for Robot Arms Control  329Section XII. Alternatives to MilitarizationIntroduction / David Vine  33312.1. War Is Only an Invention-Not a Biological Necessity / Margaret Mead 33612.2. Reflections on the Possibility of a Nonkilling Society and a Nonkilling Anthropology / Leslie E. Sponsel  33912.3. U.S. Bases, Empire, and Global Response / Catherine Lutz  34412.4. Down Here / Julian Aguon  34712.5. War, Culture, and Counterinsurgency / Roberto J. GonzÁlez, Hugh Gusterson, and David H. Price  34912.6. Hope in the Dark: Untold Stories, Wild Possibilities / Rebecca Solnit  350References  355Contributors  383Index  389Credits  403