National Healths

Michael Worton is Vice-Provost and Fielden Professor of French Language and Literature at UCL. He has written extensively on modern literature and on issues in critical theory and gender theory. Nana Wilson-Tagoe is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of the Languages and Cultures of Africa, SOAS. She has received Rockefeller, Fulbright, Chapman and Cadbury awards for research in the USA and Britain and has published several articles and books on Caribbean and African literature.

How do construction so sexuality and gender travel? And how are sexuality and gender mediated by, and contingent on, conditions of health and illness? This volume sets out to address these questions through a compilation of essays grounded in diverse cultural contexts and disciplinary formats. In this wide-ranging collection, the reader can engage with a number of bundles of related critical issues. Many of the essays highlight the role of the nation and, in particular, the role of national identity in creating conditions in which health and illness are experienced and perpetuated. Two essays that illustrate particularly well how dislocation, exile and mobility between nations affect the health profiles of specific populations are Audrey Prost's "Infectious social change: Tuberculosis and exile among Tibetan Refugees in Dharamsala" and James Agar's "Remembrance of health lost: Disfiguring Africa in European Aids writing". Another group of essays highlights the fundamental instability of the concept of health through analyses of the politic of its representation. In particular, Margaret Healy's "Dangerous blood: Menstruation, medicine and myth in early modern England" and Lynda Morgan's "Vulnerable margins: The iconography of blood, dirt and disease in the early 20th Century South African settler novel" show how the iconography of illness is open to regular and forceful contestation. Taken together, this bundle of work contends not only that the meaning of illness is always contingent on other cultural and social forms, but also that the very materiality of illness can in not way be taken for granted as a baseline for understanding either health or illness. Finally, a highly provocative bundle of essays addresses the practical implications of and limitations to understanding health as a primarily cultural phenomenon. In "Female genital mutilation: Contesting the right to speak of women's bodies in Africa and the West", Nahid Toubia argues that while health is embedded within a cultural context, understanding the health experience of various groups cannot be reduced to seeing health as merely a function of their cultural condition. Readers are thus given the tools that will help them to deconstruct the nation, nationality and location of health and illness, as well as to interrogate the implications of location - in its multiple senses of epistemology, geography and culture... The individual essays in the volume will be of interest to medical sociologists, medical anthropologists and those interested in the cultural studies of health and illness. Historians of medicine and literary critics will also find some essays of interest. Sarah Hodges, Times Higher Educational Supplement, 5 August 2005.

• Introduction, Michael Worton; chapterover Overview, Nana Wilson-Tagoe; Part 1 The Politics of Sickness and Health; Chapter 1 Female Genital Mutilation, Nahid Toubia; Chapter 2 Albanian Masculinities, Sex-Work and Migration, Nicola Mai; Chapter 3 The Semantics and Politics of Childbearing and Motherhood in Contemporary African Literature, Nana Wilson-Tagoe; Chapter 4 1This essay owes much to the research undertaken in the writing of Prostitution, Race and Politics: Policing Venereal Disease in the British Empire (2003). Fuller versions of the arguments made here can be found in that volume., Philippa Levine; Chapter 5 Dangerous Blood, Margaret Healy; Part 2 The Representation of Sickness and Health; Chapter 6 Remembrance of Health Lost, James N Agar; Chapter 7 Vulnerable Margins, Lynda Morgan; Chapter 8 Sex in a Hot Climate, Rachel Harrison; Chapter 9 Some Fundamental Riddles of Cholera, George S Rousseau; Chapter 10 Behold the (Sick) Man, Michael Worton; Part 3 Learning from Sickness and Health; Chapter 11 Infectious Social Change, Audrey Prost; Chapter 12 1Grateful acknowledgment is due to the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation, which supported the research for this chapter, and to Dr Li Jianmin, from whose help and advice I have benefited in countless ways., Shigehisa Kuriyama; Chapter 13 Reading Gender in Ancient Egyptian Healing Papyri, Stephen Quirke; Chapter 14 René and the ‘Mal du Siècle’, Caroline Warman; Chapter 15 Poetry, Pictures and the Sexual Demographics of Health, Deborah Kirklin;