This book provides a concise and self-contained introduction to the foundations of mathematics. In particular, the book includes a full proof of Gödel’s second incompleteness theorem which states that it is impossible to prove the consistency of arithmetic within its axioms.
Lorenz Halbeisen is Professor of Logic and Set Theory at the ETH Zürich.Regula Krapf is Senior Academic Councilor at the University of Bonn since 2023.
Innehållsförteckning
0. A Framework for Metamathematics.- Part I Introduction to First-Order Logic.- 1 Syntax: The Grammar of Symbols.- 2 The Art of Proof.- 3 Semantics: Making Sense of the Symbols.- Part II Gödel’s Completeness Theorem.- 4 Maximally Consistent Extensions.- 5 The Completeness Theorem.- 6 Language Extensions by Definitions.- Part III Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems.- 7 Countable Models of Peano Arithmetic.- 8 Arithmetic in Peano Arithmetic.- 9 Gödelisation of Peano Arithmetic.- 10 The First Incompleteness Theorem.- 11 The Second Incompleteness Theorem.- 12 Completeness of Presburger Arithmetic.- Part IV The Axiom System ZFC.- 13 The Axioms of Set Theory (ZFC).- 14 Models of Set Theory.- 15 Models and Ultraproducts.- 16 Models of Peano Arithmetic.- 17 Models of the Real Numbers.- Tautologies.- Solutions.- References.- Index.