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Galois.The study of algebraic equations has served as a motivating terrain for a large part of abstract algebra, and according to this, algebraic equations are visible as a guiding thread throughout the book.

The history of mechanics, and more particularly, the history of mechanics applied to constructions, constitutes a field of research that is relatively recent. This volume, together with the recent publication "Towards a History of Construction", is intended as an homage to the two eminent scholars who made a determinant contribution to the history of mechanics: Edoardo Benvenuto and Clifford Truesdell.

The second edition of this highly praised textbook provides an introduction to tensors, group theory, and their applications in classical and quantum physics. Both intuitive and rigorous, it aims to demystify tensors by giving the slightly more abstract but conceptually much clearer definition found in the math literature, and then connects this formulation to the component formalism of physics calculations. New pedagogical features, such as new illustrations, tables, and boxed sections, as well as additional “invitation” sections that provide accessible introductions to new material, offer increased visual engagement, clarity, and motivation for students.Part I begins with linear algebraic foundations, follows with the modern component-free definition of tensors, and concludes with applications to physics through the use of tensor products. Part II introduces group theory, including abstract groups and Lie groups and their associated Lie algebras, then intertwines this material with that of Part I by introducing representation theory.  Examples and exercises are provided in each chapter for good practice in applying the presented material and techniques.Prerequisites for this text include the standard lower-division mathematics and physics courses, though extensive references are provided for the motivated student who has not yet had these.  Advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in physics and applied mathematics will find this textbook to be a clear, concise, and engaging introduction to tensors and groups.Reviews of the First Edition“[P]hysicist Nadir Jeevanjee has produced a masterly book that will help other physicists understand those subjects [tensors and groups] as mathematicians understand them… From the first pages, Jeevanjee shows amazing skill in finding fresh, compelling words to bring forward the insight that animates the modern mathematical view…[W]ith compelling forceand clarity, he provides many carefully worked-out examples and well-chosen specific problems… Jeevanjee’s clear and forceful writing presents familiar cases with a freshness that will draw in and reassure even a fearful student.  [This] is a masterpiece of exposition and explanation that would win credit for even a seasoned author.”—Physics Today"Jeevanjee’s [text] is a valuable piece of work on several counts, including its express pedagogical service rendered to fledgling physicists and the fact that it does indeed give pure mathematicians a way to come to terms with what physicists are saying with the same words we use, but with an ostensibly different meaning.  The book is very easy to read, very user-friendly, full of examples...and exercises, and will do the job the author wants it to do with style.”—MAA Reviews

This book presents a systematic and comprehensive account of the theory of differentiable manifolds and provides the necessary background for the use of fundamental differential topology tools.

Magic squares are among the more popular mathematical recreations. Over the last 50 years, many generalizations of “magic” ideas have been applied to graphs. Recently there has been a resurgence of interest in “magic labelings” due to a number of results that have applications to the problem of decomposing graphs into trees. Key features of this second edition include:·         a new chapter on magic labeling of directed graphs·         applications of theorems from graph theory and interesting counting arguments·         new research problems and exercises covering a range of difficulties·         a fully updated bibliography and indexThis concise, self-contained exposition is unique in its focus on the theory of magic graphs/labelings. It may serve as a graduate or advanced undergraduate text for courses in mathematics or computer science, and as reference for the researcher.

This book explores the origins of mathematical analysis in an accessible, clear, and precise manner. A Brief History of Analysis will appeal to a wide audience of students, instructors, and researchers who are interested in discovering new historical perspectives on otherwise familiar mathematical ideas.

This book explores the origins of mathematical analysis in an accessible, clear, and precise manner. A Brief History of Analysis will appeal to a wide audience of students, instructors, and researchers who are interested in discovering new historical perspectives on otherwise familiar mathematical ideas.

Inequalities play a central role in mathematics with various applications in other disciplines. The main goal of this contributed volume is to present several important matrix, operator, and norm inequalities in a systematic and self-contained fashion. Some powerful methods are used to provide significant mathematical inequalities in functional analysis, operator theory and numerous fields in recent decades.Some chapters are devoted to giving a series of new characterizations of operator monotone functions and some others explore inequalities connected to log-majorization, relative operator entropy, and the Ando-Hiai inequality. Several chapters are focused on Birkhoff–James orthogonality and approximate orthogonality in Banach spaces and operator algebras such as C*-algebras from historical perspectives to current development.A comprehensive account of the boundedness, compactness, and restrictions of Toeplitz operators can be found in the book. Furthermore, an overview of the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás theorem is provided. The state-of-the-art of Hardy-Littlewood inequalities in sequence spaces is given. The chapters are written in a reader-friendly style and can be read independently. Each chapter contains a rich bibliography. This book is intended for use by both researchers and graduate students of mathematics, physics, and engineering.

Inequalities play a central role in mathematics with various applications in other disciplines. The main goal of this contributed volume is to present several important matrix, operator, and norm inequalities in a systematic and self-contained fashion. Some powerful methods are used to provide significant mathematical inequalities in functional analysis, operator theory and numerous fields in recent decades.Some chapters are devoted to giving a series of new characterizations of operator monotone functions and some others explore inequalities connected to log-majorization, relative operator entropy, and the Ando-Hiai inequality. Several chapters are focused on Birkhoff–James orthogonality and approximate orthogonality in Banach spaces and operator algebras such as C*-algebras from historical perspectives to current development.A comprehensive account of the boundedness, compactness, and restrictions of Toeplitz operators can be found in the book. Furthermore, an overview of the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás theorem is provided. The state-of-the-art of Hardy-Littlewood inequalities in sequence spaces is given. The chapters are written in a reader-friendly style and can be read independently. Each chapter contains a rich bibliography. This book is intended for use by both researchers and graduate students of mathematics, physics, and engineering.

Mesh adaptation methods can have a profound impact on the numerical solution of partial differential equations.  If devised and implemented properly, adaptation significantly reduces the size of the algebraic systems resulting from the discretization, while ensuring that applicable error tolerances are met. In this monograph, drawing from many years of experience, the authors give a comprehensive presentation of metric-based anisotropic hp-mesh adaptation methods.A large part of this monograph is devoted to the derivation of computable interpolation error estimates on simplicial meshes, which take into account the geometry of mesh elements as well as the anisotropic features of the interpolated function. These estimates are then used for the optimization of corresponding finite element spaces in a variety of settings. Both steady and time dependent problems are treated, as well as goal-oriented adaptation. Practical aspects of implementation are also explored, including several algorithms. Many numerical experiments using the discontinuous Galerkin method are presented to illustrate the performance of the adaptive techniques.This monograph is intended for scientists and researchers, including doctoral and master-level students. Portions of the text can also be used as study material for advanced university lectures concerning a posteriori error analysis and mesh adaptation.

The classes of bounded operators that are investigated include trace class and Hilbert-Schmidt operators, finite rank perturbations of Volterra operators, infinite Leslie operators, discrete semi-separable operators, integral operators with semi-separable kernels, and period maps corresponding to delay differential equations.

The classes of bounded operators that are investigated include trace class and Hilbert-Schmidt operators, finite rank perturbations of Volterra operators, infinite Leslie operators, discrete semi-separable operators, integral operators with semi-separable kernels, and period maps corresponding to delay differential equations.

This book gathers twenty-two papers presented at the second NLAGA-BIRS Symposium, which was held at Cap Skirring and at the Assane Seck University in Ziguinchor, Senegal, on January 25–30, 2022.The five-day symposium brought together African experts on nonlinear analysis and geometry and their applications, as well as their international partners, to present and discuss mathematical results in various areas. The main goal of the NLAGA project is to advance and consolidate the development of these mathematical fields in West and Central Africa with a focus on solving real-world problems such as coastal erosion, pollution, and urban network and population dynamics problems.The book addresses a range of topics related to partial differential equations, geometric analysis, geometric structures, dynamics, optimization, inverse problems, complex analysis, algebra, algebraic geometry, control theory, stochastic approximations, and modelling.

This book gathers twenty-two papers presented at the second NLAGA-BIRS Symposium, which was held at Cap Skirring and at the Assane Seck University in Ziguinchor, Senegal, on January 25–30, 2022.The five-day symposium brought together African experts on nonlinear analysis and geometry and their applications, as well as their international partners, to present and discuss mathematical results in various areas. The main goal of the NLAGA project is to advance and consolidate the development of these mathematical fields in West and Central Africa with a focus on solving real-world problems such as coastal erosion, pollution, and urban network and population dynamics problems.The book addresses a range of topics related to partial differential equations, geometric analysis, geometric structures, dynamics, optimization, inverse problems, complex analysis, algebra, algebraic geometry, control theory, stochastic approximations, and modelling.

Because Morse provided very little in the way of explanation in his written works, the editor’s commentary serves to outline Morse’s goals, give informal explanations of Morse’s formal language, and compare Morse’s often unique approaches to more traditional approaches.

This volume explores A.P. Morse’s (1911-1984) development of a formal language for writing mathematics, his application of that language in set theory and mathematical analysis, and his unique perspective on mathematics. The editor brings together a variety of Morse’s works in this compilation, including Morse's book A Theory of Sets, Second Edition (1986), in addition to material from another of Morse’s publications, Web Derivatives, and notes for a course on analysis from the early 1950's. Because Morse provided very little in the way of explanation in his written works, the editor’s commentary serves to outline Morse’s goals, give informal explanations of Morse’s formal language, and compare Morse’s often unique approaches to more traditional approaches. Minor corrections to Morse’s previously published works have also been incorporated into the text, including some updated axioms, theorems, and definitions. The editor’s introduction thoroughly details the corrections and changes made and provides readers with valuable insight on Morse’s methods.A.P. Morse’s Set Theory and Analysis will appeal to graduate students and researchers interested in set theory and analysis who also have an interest in logic. Readers with a particular interest in Morse’s unique perspective and in the history of mathematics will also find this book to be of interest.

The book offers an extensive study on the convoluted history of the research of algebraic surfaces, focusing for the first time on one of its characterizing curves: the branch curve. Starting with separate beginnings during the 19th century with descriptive geometry as well as knot theory, the book focuses on the 20th century, covering the rise of the Italian school of algebraic geometry between the 1900s till the 1930s (with Federigo Enriques, Oscar Zariski and Beniamino Segre, among others), the decline of its classical approach during the 1940s and the 1950s (with Oscar Chisini and his students), and the emergence of new approaches with Boris Moishezon’s program of braid monodromy factorization.By focusing on how the research on one specific curve changed during the 20th century, the author provides insights concerning the dynamics of epistemic objects and configurations of mathematical research. It is in this sense that the book offers to take the branch curve as a cross-section through the history of algebraic geometry of the 20th century, considering this curve as an intersection of several research approaches and methods. Researchers in the history of science and of mathematics as well as mathematicians will certainly find this book interesting and appealing, contributing to the growing research on the history of algebraic geometry and its changing images.

This book presents the notes from the seminar on wave phenomena given in 2019 at the Mathematical Research Center in Oberwolfach. The research on wave-type problems is a fascinating and emerging field in mathematical research with many challenging applications in sciences and engineering.

Over the past eighty years, martingales have become central in the mathematics of randomness. They appear in the general theory of stochastic processes, in the algorithmic theory of randomness, and in some branches of mathematical statistics. Yet little has been written about the history of this evolution. This book explores some of the territory that the history of the concept of martingales has transformed.The historian of martingales faces an immense task. We can find traces of martingale thinking at the very beginning of probability theory, because this theory was related to gambling, and the evolution of a gambler’s holdings as a result of following a particular strategy can always be understood as a martingale. More recently, in the second half of the twentieth century, martingales became important in the theory of stochastic processes at the very same time that stochastic processes were becoming increasingly important in probability, statistics and more generally invarious applied situations.Moreover, a history of martingales, like a history of any other branch of mathematics, must go far beyond an account of mathematical ideas and techniques. It must explore the context in which the evolution of ideas took place: the broader intellectual milieux of the actors, the networks that already existed or were created by the research, even the social and political conditions that favored or hampered the circulation and adoption of certain ideas.This books presents a stroll through this history, in part a guided tour, in part a random walk. First, historical studies on the period from 1920 to 1950 are presented, when martingales emerged as a distinct mathematical concept. Then insights on the period from 1950 into the 1980s are offered, when the concept showed its value in stochastic processes, mathematical statistics, algorithmic randomness and various applications.

Over the past eighty years, martingales have become central in the mathematics of randomness. They appear in the general theory of stochastic processes, in the algorithmic theory of randomness, and in some branches of mathematical statistics. Yet little has been written about the history of this evolution. This book explores some of the territory that the history of the concept of martingales has transformed.The historian of martingales faces an immense task. We can find traces of martingale thinking at the very beginning of probability theory, because this theory was related to gambling, and the evolution of a gambler’s holdings as a result of following a particular strategy can always be understood as a martingale. More recently, in the second half of the twentieth century, martingales became important in the theory of stochastic processes at the very same time that stochastic processes were becoming increasingly important in probability, statistics and more generally invarious applied situations.Moreover, a history of martingales, like a history of any other branch of mathematics, must go far beyond an account of mathematical ideas and techniques. It must explore the context in which the evolution of ideas took place: the broader intellectual milieux of the actors, the networks that already existed or were created by the research, even the social and political conditions that favored or hampered the circulation and adoption of certain ideas.This books presents a stroll through this history, in part a guided tour, in part a random walk. First, historical studies on the period from 1920 to 1950 are presented, when martingales emerged as a distinct mathematical concept. Then insights on the period from 1950 into the 1980s are offered, when the concept showed its value in stochastic processes, mathematical statistics, algorithmic randomness and various applications.

This monograph is devoted to the analysis and solution of singular differential games and singular $H_{\inf}$ control problems in both finite- and infinite-horizon settings.

This monograph is devoted to the analysis and solution of singular differential games and singular $H_{\inf}$ control problems in both finite- and infinite-horizon settings.

This contributed volume contains a collection of articles on state-of-the-art developments on the construction of theoretical integral techniques and their application to specific problems in science and engineering.

This contributed volume contains a collection of articles on state-of-the-art developments on the construction of theoretical integral techniques and their application to specific problems in science and engineering.

It covers topics such as statistical process control, including multivariate methods, the design of experiments, including computerexperiments and reliability methods, including Bayesian reliability.

It covers topics such as statistical process control, including multivariate methods, the design of experiments, including computerexperiments and reliability methods, including Bayesian reliability.