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In 1345, when Petrarch recovered a lost collection of letters from Cicero to his best friend, Atticus, he discovered an intimate Cicero, a man very different from either the well-known orator of the Roman forum or the measured spokesman for the ancient schools of philosophy. It was Petrarch's encounter with this previously unknown Cicero and his letters that Kathy Eden argues fundamentally changed the way Europeans from the fourteenth through the sixteenth centuries were expected to read and write. The "Renaissance Rediscovery of Intimacy" explores the way ancient epistolary theory and practice were understood and imitated in the European Renaissance. Eden draws chiefly upon Aristotle, Cicero, and Seneca - but also upon Plato, Demetrius, Quintilian, and many others - to show how the classical genre of the "familiar" letter emerged centuries later in the intimate styles of Petrarch, Erasmus, and Montaigne.Along the way, she reveals how the complex concept of intimacy in the Renaissance - leveraging the legal, affective, and stylistic dimensions of its prehistory in antiquity - pervades the literary production and reception of the period and sets the course for much that is modern in the literature of subsequent centuries. Eden's important study will interest students and scholars in a number of areas, including classical, Renaissance, and early modern studies; comparative literature; and the history of reading, rhetoric, and writing.

In 1345, when Petrarch recovered a lost collection of letters from Cicero to his best friend Atticus, he discovered an intimate Cicero, a man very different from either the well-known orator of the Roman forum or the measured spokesman for the ancient schools of philosophy. It was Petrarch's encounter with this previously unknown Cicero and his letters that Kathy Eden argues fundamentally changed the way Europeans from the fourteenth through the sixteenth centuries were expected to read and write. The Renaissance Rediscovery of Intimacy explores the way ancient epistolary theory and practice were understood and imitated in the European Renaissance.Eden draws chiefly upon Aristotle, Cicero, and Seneca but also upon Plato, Demetrius, Quintilian, and many others to show how the classical genre of the "familiar" letter emerged centuries later in the intimate styles of Petrarch, Erasmus, and Montaigne.Along the way, she reveals how the complex concept of intimacy in the Renaissance leveraging the legal, affective, and stylistic dimensions of its prehistory in antiquity pervades the literary production and reception of the period and sets the course for much that is modern in the literature of subsequent centuries. Eden's important study will interest students and scholars in a number of areas, including classical, Renaissance, and early modern studies; comparative literature; and the history of reading, rhetoric, and writing.

A sweeping and overdue retelling of U.S. history that recognizes that Native Americans are essential to understanding the evolution of modern AmericaNational BestsellerWinner of the 2023 National Book Award in Nonfiction • Finalist for the 2023 Los Angeles Times Book Award in History • Winner of 2024 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award in Nonfiction • Winner of the 2024 Mark Lynton History PrizeNamed a best book of 2023 by New Yorker, Esquire, Publishers Weekly, Barnes & NobleA New York Times Notable Book of 2023 • A Washington Post Notable Work of Nonfiction of 2023 • An NPR “Book We Love” for 2023“Eloquent and comprehensive. . . . In the book’s sweeping synthesis, standard flashpoints of U.S. history take on new meaning.”—Kathleen DuVal, Wall Street Journal“In accounts of American history, Indigenous peoples are often treated as largely incidental—either obstacles to be overcome or part of a narrative separate from the arc of nation-building. Blackhawk . . . [shows] that Native communities have, instead, been inseparable from the American story all along.”—Washington Post Book WorldThe most enduring feature of U.S. history is the presence of Native Americans, yet most histories focus on Europeans and their descendants. This long practice of ignoring Indigenous history is changing, however, as a new generation of scholars insists that any full American history address the struggle, survival, and resurgence of American Indian nations. Indigenous history is essential to understanding the evolution of modern America.Ned Blackhawk interweaves five centuries of Native and non‑Native histories, from Spanish colonial exploration to the rise of Native American self-determination in the late twentieth century. In this transformative synthesis he shows that• European colonization in the 1600s was never a predetermined success• Native nations helped shape England’s crisis of empire• the first shots of the American Revolution were prompted by Indian affairs in the interior• California Indians targeted by federally funded militias were among the first casualties of the Civil War• the Union victory forever recalibrated Native communities across the West• twentieth-century reservation activists refashioned American law and policyBlackhawk’s retelling of U.S. history acknowledges the enduring power, agency, and survival of Indigenous peoples, yielding a truer account of the United States and revealing anew the varied meanings of America.

A polemical work on a neglected area of biblical studies and its damaging effects on theology and philosophy.Klaus Koch is Professor of Old Testament in the University of Hamburg. After studying at the Universities of Mainz, Tubingen and Heidelberg he became pastor of the Lutheran church in Jena, East Germany, from 1954-1956. He then returned to Erlangen as Privatdozent, and after work there and in Hamburg, he became Professor of Old Testament at Wuppertal, which he left for his present post in 1962. His principal interest has been in the history of the biblical traditions. His first major work was Die Priesterschrift von Exodus 25 bis Leviticus 16, an analysis of the traditions behind P; since then, two books, The Growth of the Biblical Tradition, a study in form criticism, and The Book of Books, a simpler account of the growth of the Bible, have appeared in English. He has also written about sixty articles on problems of Old Testament exegesis.

In the summer of 1985, a mostly Hawaiian crew set out aboard Hokule'a, a reconstructed ancient double canoe, to demonstrate what skeptics had steadfastly denied: that their ancestors, sailing in such canoes and navigating solely by reading stars, ocean swells, and other natural signs, could intentionally have sailed across the Pacific, exploring the vast oceanic realm of Polynesia and discovering and settling all its inhabitable islands. Their round-trip odyssey from Hawai'i to Aotearoa (New Zealand), across 12,000 nautical miles, dramatically refuted all theories declaring that--because of their unseaworthy canoes and inaccurate navigational methods--the ancient Polynesians could only have been pushed accidentally to their islands by the vagaries of wind and current. Voyage of Rediscovery is a vivid, immensely readable account of this remarkable journey through the Pacific, including tales of a curiosity attack by sperm whales and the crew's welcome to Aotearoa by Maori tribesmen, who dubbed them their sixth tribe.It describes how Hawaiian navigator Nainoa Thompson guided the canoe over thousands of miles of open ocean without compass, sextant, charts, or any other navigational aids. In so doing, it documents the experimental voyaging approach, developed by Ben Finney, which has both transformed our ideas about Polynesian migration and voyaging and been embraced by present-day Polynesians as a way to experience and celebrate their rich ancestral heritage as premier seafarers. By sailing in the wake of their ancestors, the Hawaiians and other Polynesians who captained, navigated, and crewed Hokule'a made the journey described here a cultural as well as a scientific odyssey of exploration.

Aristotle and the Rediscovery of Citizenship confronts a question that is central to Aristotle's political philosophy as well as to contemporary political theory: what is a citizen? Answers prove to be elusive, in part because late twentieth-century critiques of the Enlightenment called into doubt fundamental tenets that once guided us. Engaging the two major works of Aristotle's political philosophy, his Nicomachean Ethics and his Politics, Susan D. Collins poses questions that current discussions of liberal citizenship do not adequately address. Drawing a path from contemporary disputes to Aristotle, she examines in detail his complex presentations of moral virtue, civic education, and law; his view of the aims and limits of the political community; and his treatment of the connection between citizenship and the human good. Collins thereby shows how Aristotle continues to be an indispensable source of enlightenment, as he has been for political and religious traditions of the past.

This book examines the intersection of cultural anthropology and American cultural nationalism from 1886, when Franz Boas left Germany for the United States, until 1965, when the National Endowment for the Humanities was established. Five chapters trace the development within academic anthropology of the concepts of culture, social class, national character, value, and civilization, and their dissemination to non-anthropologists. As Americans came to think of culture anthropologically, as a 'complex whole' far broader and more inclusive than Matthew Arnold's 'the best which has been thought and said', so, too, did they come to see American communities as stratified into social classes distinguished by their subcultures; to attribute the making of the American character to socialization rather than birth; to locate the distinctiveness of American culture in its unconscious canons of choice; and to view American culture and civilization in a global perspective.

Aristotle and the Rediscovery of Citizenship confronts a question that is central to Aristotle's political philosophy as well as to contemporary political theory: what is a citizen? Answers prove to be elusive, in part because late twentieth-century critiques of the Enlightenment called into doubt fundamental tenets that once guided us. Engaging the two major works of Aristotle's political philosophy, his Nicomachean Ethics and his Politics, Susan D. Collins poses questions that current discussions of liberal citizenship do not adequately address. Drawing a path from contemporary disputes to Aristotle, she examines in detail his complex presentations of moral virtue, civic education, and law; his view of the aims and limits of the political community; and his treatment of the connection between citizenship and the human good. Collins thereby shows how Aristotle continues to be an indispensable source of enlightenment, as he has been for political and religious traditions of the past.

The best archival thinking and debate in Canada are reflected in this careful selection of previously published essays, arranged in four broad categories: the overall history and evolution of Canadian archives; major theoretical statements concerning the nature of archives and archival work; systematic analyses of archival records and media; and highlights of Canadian contributions to archival practice. Contributors include Jay Atherhorn, Catherine Bailey, Andrew Birrell, Gabrielle Blais, Jim Burant, Terry Cook, Gordon Dobbs, Wendy Duff, Luciana Duranti, Terry Eastwood, David Enns, Kent Haworth, Lilly Koltun, Tom Nesbit, Peter Robertson, Andrew Rodger, Bill Russell, Joan Schwartz, Wilfred I. Smith, Hugh Taylor, and Ian E. Wilson.

" The Spanish incursion into the New World, with its brutal destruction of indigenous peoples and their cultures and its material exploitation of much of two continents, reverberates in our history down to the present century. So contends prize-winning writer Barry Lopez in this beautifully written book. "The quest for personal possessions," he observes, "was to be, from the outset, a series of raids, irresponsible and criminal, a spree, in which an end to it was never visible... in which an end to it had no meaning." In this luminous essay, written five hundred years after the Spanish conquest, Lopez reexamines the attitudes that informed that event and that have underlain the entire European settlement of America. "The assumption of an imperial right conferred by God, sanctioned by the state, and enforced by the militia, the assumption that one is due wealth in North America," he writes, is apparent in the journals of people on the Oregon Trail, in the pronouncements of nineteenth-century industrialists, and in the political rhetoric of our own day. But, for Lopez, coming to grips with this terrible legacy opens new possibilities. "This violent corruption needn't define us. We can take the measure of the horror and assert that we will not be bound by it." We can "rediscover" our continent -- not as a source of income but as a home, a place in which we are to find our strength and character, and in which certain moral courtesies and obligations obtain. We can develop a philosophy of place will enable us, finally, to take up a true residence in our homeland. Here is a voice for our time.

Originally published in 1935 by Henry Holt and Company, this insightful and groundbreaking volume is a special investigation of John Wesley's pioneer work toward the New Protestantism and his triumphant reaffirmation in the Age of Enlightenment of the historic Christian faith against "the worship of humanity." It traces the principal stages of his progress through an experiment in religion which yielded negative results and terminated in his evangelical reaction against the humanistic Arminianism of his own Church, to the experiment in the faith of the first Reformers which is the principal source of everything important in his career as preacher, promoter, and general superintendent of the Revival.

This Element presents a case study of the authors' partnership with the Pintada community in their excavation of a pre-Columbian site known as 'Huaca Pintada', a pyramidal mound located in the Lambayeque region on the north coast of Peru. The site, which gained recognition after the fortuitous discovery by looters in 1916 of an exceptional polychrome mural, was somehow 'forgotten' by the scientific community after irreversible damage. However, this was not the case for the local inhabitants, families like the Inoñán or the Chapoñán descendants of ancient muchic traditions, who founded a village named after their illustrious elder. The authors will describe how local actors like shamans or workers were indispensable in finding solutions that led not only to the rediscovery of the treasures of the Huaca Pintada but also to the reconnection of the community with its past.

This Element presents a case study of the authors' partnership with the Pintada community in their excavation of a pre-Columbian site known as 'Huaca Pintada', a pyramidal mound located in the Lambayeque region on the north coast of Peru. The site, which gained recognition after the fortuitous discovery by looters in 1916 of an exceptional polychrome mural, was somehow 'forgotten' by the scientific community after irreversible damage. However, this was not the case for the local inhabitants, families like the Inoñán or the Chapoñán descendants of ancient muchic traditions, who founded a village named after their illustrious elder. The authors will describe how local actors like shamans or workers were indispensable in finding solutions that led not only to the rediscovery of the treasures of the Huaca Pintada but also to the reconnection of the community with its past.

The act of translation is perhaps the ultimate performance of reading. By translating a text translators rework the source text into a reflection of their reading experience. In fact all reading is translation, as each reader incorporates associations and responses into the reading process. Clive Scott argues that the translator needs new linguistic resources to do justice to the intricacies of the reading consciousness, and explores different ways of envisaging the translation of a literary work, not only from one language to another, but also from one form to another within the same language. With examples drawn from different literatures, including English, this exciting new departure in translation theory has much to offer to students of literature and of comparative literary criticism. It also encourages all readers of literature to become translators in their turn, to use translation to express and give shape to their encounters with texts.

The act of translation is perhaps the ultimate performance of reading. By translating a text translators rework the source text into a reflection of their reading experience. In fact all reading is translation, as each reader incorporates associations and responses into the reading process. Clive Scott argues that the translator needs new linguistic resources to do justice to the intricacies of the reading consciousness, and explores different ways of envisaging the translation of a literary work, not only from one language to another, but also from one form to another within the same language. With examples drawn from different literatures, including English, this exciting new departure in translation theory has much to offer to students of literature and of comparative literary criticism. It also encourages all readers of literature to become translators in their turn, to use translation to express and give shape to their encounters with texts.