Stephan Schmid - Böcker

Characterized by many historically significant events, such as the invention of the printing press, the discovery of the New World, and the Protestant Reformation, the years between 1300 and 1600 are a remarkably rich source of ideas about the mind. They witnessed a resurgence of Aristotelianism and Platonism and the development of humanism. However, philosophical understanding of the complex arguments and debates during this period remain difficult to grasp.Philosophy of Mind in the Late Middle Ages and Renaissance provides an outstanding survey of philosophy of mind in this fascinating and still controversial period and examines the thought of figures such as Aquinas, Suárez, and Ficino.Following an introduction by Stephan Schmid, thirteen specially commissioned chapters by an international team of contributors discuss key topics, thinkers, and debates, including: mind and method,the mind and its illnesses,the powers of the soul,Averroism,intentionality and representationalism,theories of (self-)consciousness,will and its freedom,external and internal senses,Renaissance theories of the passions,the mind–body problem and the rise of dualism, andthe ‘cognitive turn’. Essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of mind, medieval philosophy, and the history of philosophy, Philosophy of Mind in the Late Middle Ages and Renaissance is also a valuable resource for those in related disciplines such as religion, literature, and Renaissance studies.

The concept of concept plays a central role in philosophy, serving both as a subject of study in disciplines such as logic, epistemology, and philosophy of mind, and as a methodologically central notion for those who think that philosophy is essentially concerned with analysing, deconstructing, developing, or ameliorating concepts. But what exactly are concepts, and why have they become so significant in philosophy? The chapters of this volume explore critical moments in the history of the concept of concept, investigating why and how philosophers across different eras and cultures have addressed concepts' nature, acquisition, and relationship to the entities to which they apply. Spanning classical Greek to modern Western philosophies, and incorporating Chinese, Indian, and Islamic traditions, the volume examines concepts as means for categorizing the world - tracing their evolution from elements of thought to foundational components of reality, and the transformation of the concept into the key notion of philosophy.

Characterized by many historically significant events, such as the invention of the printing press, the discovery of the New World, and the Protestant Reformation, the years between 1300 and 1600 are a remarkably rich source of ideas about the mind. They witnessed a resurgence of Aristotelianism and Platonism and the development of humanism. However, philosophical understanding of the complex arguments and debates during this period remain difficult to grasp.Philosophy of Mind in the Late Middle Ages and Renaissance provides an outstanding survey of philosophy of mind in this fascinating and still controversial period and examines the thought of figures such as Aquinas, Suárez, and Ficino.Following an introduction by Stephan Schmid, thirteen specially commissioned chapters by an international team of contributors discuss key topics, thinkers, and debates, including: mind and method,the mind and its illnesses,the powers of the soul,Averroism,intentionality and representationalism,theories of (self-)consciousness,will and its freedom,external and internal senses,Renaissance theories of the passions,the mind–body problem and the rise of dualism, andthe ‘cognitive turn’.Essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of mind, medieval philosophy, and the history of philosophy, Philosophy of Mind in the Late Middle Ages and Renaissance is also a valuable resource for those in related disciplines such as religion, literature, and Renaissance studies.

The present status of small electric vehicle (SEV) technologies, the market situation and main hindering factors for market success as well as options to attain a higher market share including new mobility concepts are highlighted.

The present status of small electric vehicle (SEV) technologies, the market situation and main hindering factors for market success as well as options to attain a higher market share including new mobility concepts are highlighted.

This book offers a selection of 13 case studies on how the notion of grounding helps illuminate philosophical discussions of our past with a special focus on debates of the Middle Ages.

This book offers a selection of 13 case studies on how the notion of grounding helps illuminate philosophical discussions of our past with a special focus on debates of the Middle Ages.

Dass man natürliche Phänomene mit Bezug auf Ziele oder Zwecke — d.h. teleologisch — erklärt, gilt spätestens seit der frühen Neuzeit als problematisch. Als Grund dafür wird häufig angeführt, die mechanistischen Philosophen des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts hätten mit der Ablehnung des aristotelischen Weltbilds zugleich die Zwecke aus der Natur verbannt und damit teleologischen Naturerklärungen das ontologische Fundament entzogen. Diese verbreitete philosophiehistorische These prüft Stephan Schmid anhand einer systematisch informierten Rekonstruktion der Teleologiekonzeptionen von Thomas von Aquin, Suárez, Descartes, Spinoza und Leibniz, und weist sie als unhaltbar zurück: Erstens lehnten viele frühneuzeitliche Autoren naturteleologische Erklärungen gar nicht ab; und zweitens meinten bereits scholastische Autoren, dass es nur dort echte Teleologie gibt, wo Ziele erkannt werden, was auch für sie die Annahme reiner Naturteleologie problematisch machte. Diese Annahme setzte sich spätestens im Hochmittelalter durch, als monotheistische Autoren versuchten, den Aristotelismus mit dem jüdisch-christlichen Schöpfungsgedanken zu verbinden, und als sie aufgrund eines gewandelten Kausalitätsverständnisses nicht mehr verstanden, inwiefern Finalursachen echte Ursachen sein können, wenn man sie nicht als geistig antizipierte Ziele versteht.

Sceptical Paths offers a fresh look at key junctions in the history of scepticism. Throughout this collection, key figures are reinterpreted, key arguments are reassessed, lesser-known figures are reintroduced, accepted distinctions are challenged, and new ideas are explored. The historiography of scepticism is usually based on a distinction between ancient and modern. The former is understood as a way of life which focuses on enquiry, whereas the latter is taken to be an epistemological approach which focuses on doubt. The studies in Sceptical Paths not only deepen the understanding of these approaches, but also show how ancient sceptical ideas find their way into modern thought, and modern sceptical ideas are anticipated in ancient thought. Within this state of affairs, the presence of sceptical arguments within Medieval philosophy is reflected in full force, not only enriching the historical narrative, but also introducing another layer to the sceptical discourse, namely its employment within theological settings. The various studies in this book exhibit the rich variety of expression in which scepticism manifests itself within various context and set against various philosophical and religious doctrines, schools, and approaches.