Visar resultat för..."De Gruyter"

This four volume set covers the entire spectrum of pulp and paper chemistry and technology from starting material to processes and products including market demands. This work is essential for all students of wood science and a useful reference for those working in the pulp and paper industry or on the chemistry of renewable resources.Volume 3 provides an overview of paper production and the ways in which the chemistry of starting materials and processes influence its quality and properties. The work treats fundamental properties of the fibre wall and the consolidation of fibres during pressing and drying, surface chemistry of fibres and their influence on the interaction between fibres/paper and other materials, mechanisms behind the adsorption of polyelectrolytes to fibres and fillers, acid and alkaline sizing of paper, basic fluid mechanical behavior of fibre suspensions, web forming, web pressing and web drying in a modern paper machine, calandering and coating of paper.

This book offers an introduction to differential geometry for the non-specialist. It includes most of the required material from multivariable calculus, linear algebra, and basic analysis. An intuitive approach and a minimum of prerequisites make it a valuable companion for students of mathematics and physics.The main focus is on manifolds in Euclidean space and the metric properties they inherit from it. Among the topics discussed are curvature and how it affects the shape of space, and the generalization of the fundamental theorem of calculus known as Stokes' theorem.

While there are thousands of books written about feedback control, it is surprising that this is the very first book about feedforward control. Feedforward control is a very powerful technique to compensate for measurable load disturbances in regulation control problems, and the use of feedforward control to assist the traditional feedback controllers is rapidly increasing in industry. The main goal of this book is to describe the power of feedforward control and to present different tuning rules for these controllers. To achieve this goal, theoretical and practical contributions are presented throughout the book to make the technique understandable and easy to implement. The book contains many practical aspects, both in terms of tuning and implementation of the feedforward controller. Many simulation examples are also provided, as well as a presentation of industrial experiences obtained from feedforward control applied to temperature control in greenhouses. For these reasons, we believe that the book will be useful not only at various levels in the teaching systems, but also for engineers working in industry.

This handbook represents the interdisciplinary and international field of “cultural memory studies” for the first time in one volume. Articles by renowned international scholars offer readers a unique overview of the key concepts of cultural memory studies. The handbook not only documents current research in an unprecedented way; it also serves as a forum for bringing together approaches from areas as varied as sociology, political sciences, history, theology, literary studies, media studies, philosophy, psychology, and neurosciences. “Cultural memory studies” – as defined in this handbook – came into being at the beginning of the 20th century, with the works of Maurice Halbwachs on mémoire collective. In the course of the last two decades this area of research has witnessed a veritable boom in various countries and disciplines. As a consequence, the study of the relation of “culture” and “memory” has diversified into a wide range of approaches. This handbook is based on a broad understanding of “cultural memory” as the interplay of present and past in sociocultural contexts. It presents concepts for the study of individual remembering in a social context, group and family memory, national memory, the various media of memory, and finally the host of emerging transnational lieux de mémoire such as 9/11.

Stock Market Math shows you how to calculate return, leverage, risk, fundamental and technical analysis problems, price, volume, momentum and moving averages, including over 125 formulas and Excel programs for each, enabling readers to simply plug formulas into a spread sheet. This book is the definitive reference for all investors and traders. It introduces the many formulas and legends every investor needs, and explains their application through examples and narrative discussions providing the Excel spreadsheet programs for each. Readers can find instant answers to every calculation required to pick the best trades for your portfolio, quantify risk, evaluate leverage, and utilize the best technical indicators. Michael C. Thomsett is a market expert, author, speaker and coach. His many books include Mathematics of Options, Real Estate Investor’s Pocket Calculator, and A Technical Approach to Trend Analysis. In Stock Market Math, the author advances the science of risk management and stock evaluation with more than 50 endnotes, 50 figures and tables, and a practical but thoughtful exploration of how investors and traders may best quantify their portfolio decisions.

As has been proven time and again, banks are the single most important business institution in any economy. If they fail, the whole economy fails. How to Build a Bank sets out, in a manner that is completely unprecedented, all the requirements for the core documentation essential for the operation of a bank. The book takes the reader through the core requirements to operate a bank, and then provides actual examples of the relevant regulatory documentation required for the bank‘s operation, the rationale for the documentation and the details and information required to complete the documentation. Each chapter of the book includes a template of the key regulatory documents required to operate a bank. The book thus simplifies a very complex area of regulatory and banking laws and rules to enable a better understanding of the banking sector and a better understanding of the key requirements for a successful long-term banking business. It is essential reading for bank executives, financial service executives, regulators, lawyers, accountants and professionals involved in bank and financial service authorisation and bank and financial service operations. It will also be very helpful for anyone wishing to understand how the most important business institutions in an economy work and the lessons that can be learned from understanding the detailed regulatory requirements to ensure their success and long-term viability.

ALM Modeling and Balance Sheet Optimization is a comprehensive book that combines theoretical exploration with practical guidance and code examples on implementing a balance sheet optimization model. The book emphasizes the use of stochastic dynamic programming to develop a deep and holistic understanding of the banking problem. Encompassing the entire implementation stack – spanning from data layers to the specification of decision variables, business and regulatory constraints, objective functions, modeling strategies, solving techniques, debugging, and reporting – this book serves as a comprehensive guide for constructing highly effective balance optimization models from scratch, enabling the maximization of banking outcomes. Readers will learn how to build a mathematical model capable of generating projections for portfolios; balance sheet, income and cash flow statements; capital, and risk measures in real-world scenarios. This practical approach is particularly valuable for professionals involved in integrated stress testing, capital adequacy assessment, financial planning, and optimization tasks. In essence, the book offers valuable insights into the challenges of balance sheet optimization, providing readers with the necessary tools to build their own dynamic and comprehensive ALM models.

Hannah Arendt’s claim that she brings Immanuel Kant’s unwritten political philosophy to fruition is controversial. For one, it is inconsistent with Kant’s thought, as he separates aesthetic and political judgments. Moreover, Arendt’s appropriation of reflective judgment conflicts with her sharp distinction between the public and private realms. Whereas reflective judgment is a reflective ability, political judgment is a public ability. This book justifies Arendt’s claim that reflective judgment has political potential – while remaining consistent with Kant’s aesthetics and Arendt’s politics. By developing an Arendtian phenomenology of privacy, I offer a new reading of her public-private distinction. I uncover non-privacy as the space of withdrawal where the life of the mind unfolds. What is more, I show that reflective activities constitute the necessary but not sufficient conditions for the emergence of the public realm. Reflective judgment is one of these activities. For Arendt attributes to enlarged mentality the public communicability of political judgments. Enlarged mentality thus gives persons the ability to insert themselves into the world. Therefore, Arendt is right to locate political potential in reflective judgment.

The new and updated third edition of this highly successful textbook contains an additional chapter that presents modern empirical research methods in the form of exemplary small-scale studies. In these projects the authors invite the reader to develop and address research questions from phonetics/phonology, morphology and syntax. The pertinent experimental and corpus-linguistic techniques are introduced and students are familiarized with some basic statistical tools necessary for the analysis of the data.The major difference between this book and its potential competitors lies in its hands-on didactic orientation, with a strong focus on linguistic analysis and argumentation. Language and linguistic theory are approached from a strictly empirical perspective: given a certain set of data to be accounted for, theoretical and methodological problems must be solved in order to analyze and understand the data properly. The book is not written from the perspective of a particular theoretical framework and draws on insights from various research traditions. Introduction to English Linguistics concentrates on gaining expertise and analytical skills in the traditional core areas of linguistics, i.e. phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics. The chapter on "Extensions and applications" widens the perspective to other areas of linguistic research, such as historical, socio- and psycholinguistics. Each chapter is accompanied by exercises and suggestions for further reading. A glossary and an index facilitate access to terms and topics.

Das Thema Wehrmacht ist bis heute Gegenstand eines breiten öffentlichen Interesses, das sich in höchst kontroversen und teilweise äußerst emotionalisierten Diskussionen artikuliert. Zentrale Fragen hierbei sind: Welche Rolle spielte die Wehrmacht im Machtgefüge des "Dritten Reiches"? Wie bereitwillig passte sie sich den machtpolitischen und ideologischen Zielen des NS-Systems an, trug sie mit oder stand sie zu ihnen im Widerspruch? Inwieweit ließ sie sich von der Staatsführung für einen verbrecherischen Eroberungs- und Vernichtungskrieg instrumentalisieren? In welchem Ausmaß war sie selbst an den Verbrechen beteiligt, indem sie völkerrechtswidrige Befehle ausführte oder sogar selbst ausarbeitete? Wie viel Schuld traf die oberste Führung der Streitkräfte, die verantwortlichen Befehlshaber, das Offizierskorps, die Unteroffiziere und Mannschaften? Was war und wie war die Wehrmacht überhaupt?

This monograph discusses modeling, adaptive discretisation techniques and the numerical solution of fluid structure interaction. An emphasis in part I lies on innovative discretisation and advanced interface resolution techniques. The second part covers the efficient and robust numerical solution of fluid-structure interaction. In part III, recent advances in the application fields vascular flows, binary-fluid-solid interaction, and coupling to fractures in the solid part are presented. Moreover each chapter provides a comprehensive overview in the respective topics including many references to concurring state-of-the art work. ContentsPart I: Modeling and discretizationOn the implementation and benchmarking of an extended ALE method for FSI problemsThe locally adapted parametric finite element method for interface problems on triangular meshesAn accurate Eulerian approach for fluid-structure interactions Part II: SolversNumerical methods for unsteady thermal fluid structure interactionRecent development of robust monolithic fluid-structure interaction solversA monolithic FSI solver applied to the FSI 1,2,3 benchmarks Part III: ApplicationsFluid-structure interaction for vascular flows: From supercomputers to laptopsBinary-fluid–solid interaction based on the Navier–Stokes–Cahn–Hilliard EquationsCoupling fluid-structure interaction with phase-field fracture: Algorithmic details

In 1942, the dictatorial regime of occupied France held a show trial that didn‘t work. In a society from which democratic checks and balances had been eliminated, under a regime that made its own laws to try its opponents, the government‘s signature legal initiative – a court packed with sympathetic magistrates and soldiers whose investigation of the defunct republic‘s leaders was supposed to demonstrate the superiority of the new regime – somehow not only failed to result in a conviction, but, in spite of the fact that only government-selected journalists were allowed to attend, turned into a podium for the regime‘s most bitter opponents. The public relations disaster was so great that the government was ultimately forced to cancel the trial. This catastrophic would-be show trial was not forced upon the regime by Germans unfamiliar with the state of domestic opinion; rather, it was a home-grown initiative whose results disgusted not only the French, but also the occupiers. This book offers a new explanation for the failure of the Riom Trial: that it was the result of ideas about the law that were deeply imbedded in the culture of the regime’s supporters. They genuinely believed that their opponents had been playing politics with the nation’s interests, whereas their own concerns were apolitical. The ultimate lesson of the Riom Trial is that the abnegation of politics can produce results almost as bad as a deliberate commitment to stamping out the beliefs of others. Today, politicians on both sides of the political spectrum denounce excessive polarization as the cause of political gridlock; but this may simply be what real democracy looks like when it seeks to express the wishes of a divided people.

In 2021, a previously unknown treatise by Porphyry of Tyre, which has been preserved in a Syriac translation, was made available to historians of philosophy: Porphyry, On Principles and Matter (De Gruyter, 2021). This text not only enlarges our knowledge of the legacy of the most prominent disciple of Plotinus but also serves as an important witness to Platonist discussions of first principles and of Plato’s concept of prime matter in the Timaeus. The aim of the present volume of collected studies is two-fold. On the one hand, it brings up an update to the state of the art of our knowledge of Porphyry’s philosophy and of his role in the transmission of the earlier philosophical materials, especially those of the Middle Platonic works. On the other hand, it focuses on the questions of the reception of Porphyry’s legacy, both by Greek and Latin Platonists (with special interest in Calcidius) and by Christian Oriental authors (with particular focus on the Syriac tradition). The primary audience of the book will be scholars and graduate students in ancient and late ancient Greek philosophy, Orientalists and scholars interested in the Christian reception of Greek philosophy, in the studies of the Christian Orient, as well as in Greek, Latin, and Syriac philology.

What can we know about ourselves and the world through the sense of touch and what are the epistemic limits of touch? Scepticism claims that there is always something that slips through the epistemologist’s grasp. A Touch of Doubt explores the significance of touch for the history of philosophical scepticism as well as for scepticism as an embodied form of subversive political, religious, and artistic practice. Drawing on the tradition of scepticism within nineteenth- and twentieth-century continental philosophy and psychoanalysis, this volume discusses how the sense of touch uncovers contradictions within our knowledge of ourselves and the world. It questions 1) what we can know through touch, 2) what we can know about touch itself, and 3) how our experience of touching the other and ourselves throws us into a state of doubt. This volume is intended for students and scholars who wish to reconsider the experience of touching in intersections of philosophy, religion, art, and social and political practice.

Change is a matter of central concern and interest in the study of history, and it has been approached with various methodological and theoretical means in different historical disciplines. The concept is, however, rarely addressed per se, despite its fundamental role for historical insight. This book addresses different kinds of change in medieval textual culture as examples or models of change. A model can take different forms: it consists of abstract representations, like a flowchart or a series of stages within a development, it might be a concept, like paradigm shift, or a single, but telling historical example. In their different forms, models serve as conceptual tools to enlighten historical instances of change. The contributions of this volume gather cases from a series of aspects of medieval textual culture which are subject to change: physical books, the acoustics of performed text, textualized worlds, scribes and authorship, genre, the choice of language in texts, and paleographic variance. The book also addresses problems of thinking in models and metaphors of change, as they also – as idols of the market – have the power to lead us astray if not carefully meditated.

This is the first critical edition of all six books of Augustine's De musica. Originally meant as part of a series of treatises on the liberal arts, it is especially important because of its presentation of metrics. Book six offers a theological discussion of perception based on the concept of numerus ("rhythm"). Thus, De musica is a fascinating document of Augustine's intellectual development from secular learning to Christian philosophy.

The Western Balkans, currently in the EU accession process, present a unique case for potential GDPR adequacy decisions. The book analyses the concept of the “Brussels Effect” and the GDPR’s global influence. It offers a comprehensive comparison of data protection frameworks in the region, focusing on GDPR alignment and prospects for adequacy decisions under Art. 45 GDPR. It evaluates both the formal alignment with the GDPR and the practical implementation, including enforcement and case law. The study examines the GDPR’s adoption or replication in national laws, raising concerns about legal certainty and effectiveness. The study also examines the challenges to effective data protection posed by new technologies, particularly from China (“Beijing Effect”). Drawing on existing adequacy decisions, it offers concrete recommendations for the Western Balkans. Finally, it situates the region’s adequacy prospects within the wider context of EU enlargement and broader political dependencies.

Die kurze Episode der "Wehrmacht" hat zu einer ungeheuren militärischen Kraftentfaltung des Deutschen Reiches geführt, zu überwältigenden Siegen und katastrophalen Niederlagen, zugleich zur Mitverantwortung für eine verbrecherische Kriegführung, wie sie in der deutschen Geschichte ohne Beispiel ist. Der Band bietet zunächst einen Überblick über die Wehrmacht im Dritten Reich, ihre Führungsprinzipien, Gliederung, Ausrüstung, Ausbildung und Fronterfahrung. Im zweiten Teil wird erkennbar, wie sich die militarisierte "Volksgemeinschaft" der Deutschen im Zweiten Weltkrieg unter dem Druck der totalen Mobilmachung veränderte. Der dritte Teil analysiert die militärische Kriegführung vom "Blitzkrieg" bis zum Untergang von Reich und Wehrmacht. Der Ausblick auf den Umgang mit diesem schwierigen Erbe in der Bundesrepublik zeigt, wie tief der Bruch in der deutschen Militärgeschichte gewesen ist.

Fourth-century Attic grave epigrams reflect a transitional phase in the evolution of the genre of epigram. They testify to a shift of interest towards social issues such as the family, the deceased’s age and profession. In a turbulent period of restlessness and uncertainty that followed the devastating Peloponnesian war, the commemoration of the departed in private monuments became an effective mechanism of displaying publicly a new set of social concerns. It is within these contexts that special emphasis has been put on the composition of sepulchral epigrams, their gradual autonomization and sophistication. This book explores this decisive phase in the evolution of the epigram by reconstructing as many ancient contexts as possible on the one hand, and studying sepulchral epigrams as a poetic art on the other.

Ancient religions are definitely complex systems of gods, which resist our understanding. Divine names provide fundamental keys to gain access to the multiples ways gods were conceived, characterized, and organized. Among the names given to the gods many of them refer to spaces: cities, landscapes, sanctuaries, houses, cosmic elements. They reflect mental maps which need to be explored in order to gain new knowledge on both the structure of the pantheons and the human agency in the cultic dimension. By considering the intersection between naming and mapping, this book opens up new perspectives on how tradition and innovation, appropriation and creation play a role in the making of polytheistic and monotheistic religions.Far from being confined to sanctuaries, in fact, gods dwell in human environments in multiple ways. They move into imaginary spaces and explore the cosmos. By proposing a new and interdiciplinary angle of approach, which involves texts, images, spatial and archeaeological data, this book sheds light on ritual practices and representations of gods in the whole Mediterranean, from Italy to Mesopotamia, from Greece to North Africa and Egypt. Names and spaces enable to better define, differentiate, and connect gods.