Introduction to Polymer Viscoelasticity

MONTGOMERY T. SHAW, PhD, is Emeritus Distinguished Professor of Chemical Engineering at the University of Connecticut. Among his books are the prior edition of Introduction to Polymer Viscoelasticity and Introduction to Polymer Rheology, both published by Wiley. WILLIAM J. MACKNIGHT, PhD, is a Professor Emeritus at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, where he was formerly the co-Principal Investigator for the Center for UMass/Industry Research on Polymers (CUMIRP). He has been a co-author for each edition of Introduction to Polymer Viscoelasticity, all published by Wiley.

• Preface to the Fourth Edition xiiiPreface to the Third Edition xvPreface to the Second Edition xviiiPreface to the First Edition xx1. Introduction 1PROBLEMS, 6GENERAL REFERENCE TEXTS, 7REFERENCES, 82. Phenomenological Treatment of Viscoelasticity 9A. ELASTIC MODULUS, 9B. TRANSIENT EXPERIMENTS, 21C. DYNAMIC EXPERIMENTS, 251. Low-Strain Measurements, 252. Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear (LAOS), 303. Microrheology, 34D. BOLTZMANN SUPERPOSITION PRINCIPLE, 38E. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CREEP COMPLIANCE AND THE STRESS RELAXATION MODULUS, 43F. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STATIC AND DYNAMIC PROPERTIES, 44APPENDIX 2-1. Connecting Creep Compliance and Stress Relaxation Modulus Using Laplace Transforms, 45APPENDIX 2-2. Borel’s Theorem, 48APPENDIX 2-3. Geometries for the Measurement of Viscoelastic Functions, 491. Linear Motion Geometries, 492. Rotational Motion Geometries, 53PROBLEMS, 57REFERENCES, 643. Viscoelastic Models 66A. MECHANICAL ELEMENTS, 661. Maxwell Model, 682. Voigt Model, 743. Generalized Maxwell Model, 764. Voigt–Kelvin model, 79B. DISTRIBUTIONS OF RELAXATION AND RETARDATION TIMES, 81C. MOLECULAR THEORIES—THE ROUSE MODEL, 84D. APPLICATION OF FLEXIBLE-CHAIN MODELS TO SOLUTIONS, 93E. THE ZIMM MODIFICATION, 94F. EXTENSION TO BULK POLYMER, 96G. REPTATION, 108APPENDIX 3-1: MANIPULATION OF THE ROUSE MATRIX, 112PROBLEMS, 117REFERENCES, 1234. Time–Temperature Correspondence 125A. FOUR REGIONS OF VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOR, 125B. TIME–TEMPERATURE SUPERPOSITION, 133C. MASTER CURVES, 136D. THE WLF EQUATION, 136E. MOLECULAR INTERPRETATION OF VISCOELASTIC RESPONSE, 143PROBLEMS, 144REFERENCES, 1495. Transitions and Relaxation in Amorphous Polymers 150A. PHENOMENOLOGY OF THE GLASS TRANSITION, 150B. THEORIES OF THE GLASS TRANSITION, 1551. Free-Volume Theory, 1552. Thermodynamic Theory, 1583. Kinetic Theories, 164C. STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE GLASS TRANSITION, 166D. RELAXATIONS IN THE GLASSY STATE, 172E. RELAXATION PROCESSES IN NETWORKS, 1761. Physical Relaxation, 1762. Chemical Processes, 177F. BIOPOLYMER VISCOELASTICITY, 1801. Biopolymer Sources, 1802. Humidity Control, 1813. Examples of Biopolymer Viscoelastic Response, 183PROBLEMS, 189REFERENCES, 1966. Elasticity of Rubbery Networks 198A. THERMODYNAMIC TREATMENT, 199B. STATISTICAL TREATMENT, 2051. Derivation, 2052. Energy Contribution, 216C. PHENOMENOLOGICAL TREATMENT, 220D. FACTORS AFFECTING RUBBER ELASTICITY, 2241. Effect of Degree of Crosslinking, 2242. Effect of Swelling, 2263. Effect of Fillers, 2294. Effect of Strain-Induced Crystallization, 232APPENDIX 6-1. Statistics of a Polymer Chain, 234APPENDIX 6-2. Equation of State for a Polymer Chain, 240PROBLEMS, 242REFERENCES, 2467. Dielectric and NMR Methods 249A. DIELECTRIC METHODS, 2491. Phenomenology, 2502. Molecular Interpretation of Dielectric Constant, 2573. Interfacial Polarization, 2644. Application to Polymers, 2655. Experimental Methods, 2686. Application of Dielectric Relaxation to Poly(methyl methacrylate), 2727. Comparisons between Mechanical and Dielectric Relaxation for Polymers, 273B. NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE METHODS, 274 PROBLEMS, 280REFERENCES, 282Answers to Selected Problems 284CHAPTER 2, 284CHAPTER 3, 296CHAPTER 4, 304CHAPTER 5, 308CHAPTER 6, 312CHAPTER 7, 320List of Major Symbols 324List of Files on the Website 331Author Index 334Subject Index 339