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Design Research Through Practice: From the Lab, Field, and Showroom focuses on one type of contemporary design research known as constructive design research. It looks at three approaches to constructive design research: Lab, Field, and Showroom. The book shows how theory, research practice, and the social environment create commonalities between these approaches. It illustrates how one can successfully integrate design and research based on work carried out in industrial design and interaction design.

The book begins with an overview of the rise of constructive design research, as well as constructive research programs and methodologies. It then describes the logic of studying design in the laboratory, design ethnography and field work, and the origins of the Showroom and its foundation on art and design rather than on science or the social sciences. It also discusses the theoretical background of constructive design research, along with modeling and prototyping of design items. Finally, it considers recent work in Lab that focuses on action and the body instead of thinking and knowing.

Many kinds of designers and people interested in design will find this book extremely helpful.

Gathers design research experts from traditional lab science, social science, art, industrial design, UX and HCI to lend tested practices and how they can be used in a variety of design projects Provides a multidisciplinary story of the whole design process, with proven and teachable techniques that can solve both academic and practical problems Presents key examples illustrating how research is applied and vignettes summarizing the key how-to details of specific projects

Good and Bad Testosterone is a unique reference to understand and learn about the biology and psychophysical aspects of this hormone.Unlike most other hormones, testosterone regulates not only the biological functions of the body but also many psychological functions. This wide spectrum of effects, influencing nearly all biological and behavioral features of a males, makes testosterone particularly interesting.This book takes a historical approach to understanding testosterone. It provides is a comprehensive description of the functions of testosterone and its role in determining the biological, medical, psychological, behavioral, and cultural features of the male sex/gender and the male/female differences. Sex/gender issues are of great interest for a wide readership, including the general public and experts from various disciplines.Discusses groundbreaking discoveries about the function of endocrine glands and hormones from the 19th century until presentIncludes information on the biology of testosterone production and its effects in men and women, including effects of high and low testosteronePresents male contraception with its successes and failures as well as future directions and strategies in the development of novel effective male contraceptivesDiscusses the correct, questionable and misuse of testosterone treatments

Mobile Multimedia in Action displays a revealing picture of how people communicate using camera phones and other mobile multimedia devices. With such devices spreading faster than practically any other new technology, questions about how these devices are being used (and abused) to capture and distribute embarrassing or raunchy images and content, and what should be done about it, are surfacing. This volume presents the first detailed study of the use of these devices.Using a variant of social science research known as ethnomethodology, Koskinen explores the kinds of images people take with camera phones and how they use sound to enhance these images. The book asks two main questions. First, what kinds of methods of expression, such as visuals or sound, do people use when they design multimedia messages? Second, how do people interact with and respond to each other through mobile multimedia devices? Koskinen has a broader objective centering on the impact of these devices on human relationships and society at large. He asks, what do people do with these devices? Is mobile telephony moving toward a more practical direction, or will it simply become a visual chatty channel fit for gossip but not for real news or other practical purposes? What kind of social activities and organizations does it best serve - peer-to-peer networks or institutional ones?Koskinen examines these questions from three unique perspectives: the design elements of mobile multimedia, which considers methods of expression people use in designing multimedia messages; mobile multimedia as interaction, which looks into how people interact with each other using this technology and makes a case for studying multimedia as a naturally occurring activity; and mobile multimedia in society, which searches for answers as to the societal consequences of mobile multimedia usage. A groundbreaking work, Mobile Multimedia in Action will be a fascinating read for both multimedia device professionals and everyday users alike. Providing a glimpse into the future, Koskinen asks where mobile multimedia technology is taking mankind and society.

This volume investigates forms of normativity through the phenomenological methods of description, analysis, and interpretation. It takes a broad approach to norms, covering not only rules and commands but also goals, values, and passive drives and tendencies.Part I "Basic Perspectives" begins with an overview of the phenomena of normativity and then clarifies the constitution of norms by Husserlian and Heideggerian concepts. It offers phenomenological alternatives to the neo-Kantian and neo-Hegelian approaches that dominate contemporary debates on the "sources of normativity." Part II "From Perception to Imagination" turns to the normativity of three basic types of experiences. This part first sheds light on the normativity of perception and then illuminates the kind of normativity characteristic of imagination and drive intentionality. Part III "Social Dimensions" analyzes the norms that regulate the formation of practical communities. It takes a broad view of practical norms, discussing social and moral norms as well as the epistemic norms of scientific practices. By clarifying the divergences and interrelations between various types and levels of norms, the volume demonstrates that normativity is not one phenomenon but a complex set of various phenomena with multiple sources.Contemporary Phenomenologies of Normativity: Norms, Goals, and Values will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working on issues of normativity in phenomenology, epistemology, ethics, and social philosophy.

This volume investigates forms of normativity through the phenomenological methods of description, analysis, and interpretation. It takes a broad approach to norms, covering not only rules and commands but also goals, values, and passive drives and tendencies.Part I "Basic Perspectives" begins with an overview of the phenomena of normativity and then clarifies the constitution of norms by Husserlian and Heideggerian concepts. It offers phenomenological alternatives to the neo-Kantian and neo-Hegelian approaches that dominate contemporary debates on the "sources of normativity." Part II "From Perception to Imagination" turns to the normativity of three basic types of experiences. This part first sheds light on the normativity of perception and then illuminates the kind of normativity characteristic of imagination and drive intentionality. Part III "Social Dimensions" analyzes the norms that regulate the formation of practical communities. It takes a broad view of practical norms, discussing social and moral norms as well as the epistemic norms of scientific practices. By clarifying the divergences and interrelations between various types and levels of norms, the volume demonstrates that normativity is not one phenomenon but a complex set of various phenomena with multiple sources.Contemporary Phenomenologies of Normativity: Norms, Goals, and Values will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working on issues of normativity in phenomenology, epistemology, ethics, and social philosophy.

This book is a practical guide to meeting IEC 62304 software-development requirements within the context of an ISO 13485 quality management system (QMS). The book proves this can be done with a minimum amount of friction, overlap, and back-and-forth between development stages. It essentially shows you how you should shape your medical-software development processes to fit in with the QMS processes in the smartest and leanest way possible.By following the advice in this book, you can reuse processes from your QMS, ensure your product-realization processes meet the requirements for medical-software development, and marry all the requirements together using tried and tested solutions into one efficient system. The expertise of the authors here goes beyond just the experiences of one real-world project as they tap into over 30 years of experience and countless software and software-assessment projects to distill their advice.The book takes a hands-on approach by first teaching you the top 25 lessons to know before starting to develop a process for medical-software development. It then walks you through the expectations placed on the key aspects of such a process by the key standards. The book progresses from an overview of both standards and the general requirements involved to a detailed discussion of the expected stages from software development and maintenance to risk management, configuration management, and problem resolution. The book provides insightful advice on how the requirements of the IEC 62304 software-development life cycle can be married with an ISO 13485 QMS, how the development of the technical file should be organized, and how to address conformity assessment, the daily after-approval, and the recent trends that will affect the industry in the coming years.The book is modeled after the IEC 62304 standard and adopts its clause structure in the numbering of sections for easy reference. The book does not attempt to replicate either standard. For the ISO 13485 standard, it recites the necessary requirements succinctly. For IEC 62304, the discussion is in-depth and also addresses the impact of ISO 13485 on the requirements discussed. In this way, the book drills into both standards to expose the core of each requirement and shape these into a practical, cohesive workflow for developing, maintaining, and improving a Lean software development pipeline.

This book is a practical guide to meeting IEC 62304 software-development requirements within the context of an ISO 13485 quality management system (QMS). The book proves this can be done with a minimum amount of friction, overlap, and back-and-forth between development stages. It essentially shows you how you should shape your medical-software development processes to fit in with the QMS processes in the smartest and leanest way possible.By following the advice in this book, you can reuse processes from your QMS, ensure your product-realization processes meet the requirements for medical-software development, and marry all the requirements together using tried and tested solutions into one efficient system. The expertise of the authors here goes beyond just the experiences of one real-world project as they tap into over 30 years of experience and countless software and software-assessment projects to distill their advice.The book takes a hands-on approach by first teaching you the top 25 lessons to know before starting to develop a process for medical-software development. It then walks you through the expectations placed on the key aspects of such a process by the key standards. The book progresses from an overview of both standards and the general requirements involved to a detailed discussion of the expected stages from software development and maintenance to risk management, configuration management, and problem resolution. The book provides insightful advice on how the requirements of the IEC 62304 software-development life cycle can be married with an ISO 13485 QMS, how the development of the technical file should be organized, and how to address conformity assessment, the daily after-approval, and the recent trends that will affect the industry in the coming years.The book is modeled after the IEC 62304 standard and adopts its clause structure in the numbering of sections for easy reference. The book does not attempt to replicate either standard. For the ISO 13485 standard, it recites the necessary requirements succinctly. For IEC 62304, the discussion is in-depth and also addresses the impact of ISO 13485 on the requirements discussed. In this way, the book drills into both standards to expose the core of each requirement and shape these into a practical, cohesive workflow for developing, maintaining, and improving a Lean software development pipeline.

This book simplifies the process regarding the application of usability to medical devices for new developers by providing a thought-out walkthrough of what is involved and how the expectations from the essential standards affect their work and why. Based on the authors’ experiences, the information in the book provides other more seasoned experts with a wealth of insight and nuggets of new perspectives on addressing the usability of medical devices, particularly medical software.The discussion in the book is rooted in recent real-world experiences from both the manufacturer and assessment body sides—the authors provide a novel high-level “roadmap” to using usability engineering to guide development activities from initial conceptual design to research, development, and ultimately release of a medical device. They build toward this map throughout the book and ultimately present the full model. This roadmap is the result of the authors’ experiences of taking a research project and launching both a medical device and a medical device business after obtaining all the necessary regulatory approvals.The book helps product developers to understand the usability requirements around their own work, and to also better understand their users and to present the expected usability information in a way that is readily understood by the auditors. Managers of such work will also greatly benefit from the discussion of the required deliverables and the goals of the usability activities. Finally, the authors ease the divide between manufacturers and healthcare professionals using medical devices. By simultaneously showing the requirements for the manufacturer’s development process and also discussing the realities of work on the healthcare side, the authors facilitate collaboration.

This book simplifies the process regarding the application of usability to medical devices for new developers by providing a thought-out walkthrough of what is involved and how the expectations from the essential standards affect their work and why. Based on the authors’ experiences, the information in the book provides other more seasoned experts with a wealth of insight and nuggets of new perspectives on addressing the usability of medical devices, particularly medical software.The discussion in the book is rooted in recent real-world experiences from both the manufacturer and assessment body sides—the authors provide a novel high-level “roadmap” to using usability engineering to guide development activities from initial conceptual design to research, development, and ultimately release of a medical device. They build toward this map throughout the book and ultimately present the full model. This roadmap is the result of the authors’ experiences of taking a research project and launching both a medical device and a medical device business after obtaining all the necessary regulatory approvals.The book helps product developers to understand the usability requirements around their own work, and to also better understand their users and to present the expected usability information in a way that is readily understood by the auditors. Managers of such work will also greatly benefit from the discussion of the required deliverables and the goals of the usability activities. Finally, the authors ease the divide between manufacturers and healthcare professionals using medical devices. By simultaneously showing the requirements for the manufacturer’s development process and also discussing the realities of work on the healthcare side, the authors facilitate collaboration.

This book outlines the European framework of family reunification and the reasons for focussing on Austria, Finland and Germany. It presents the case studies that provide a general understanding of how DNA testing affects the national immigration policies.

The Nevanlinna theory of value distribution of meromorphic functions, one of the milestones of complex analysis during the last century, was c- ated to extend the classical results concerning the distribution of of entire functions to the more general setting of meromorphic functions. Later on, a similar reasoning has been applied to algebroid functions, subharmonic functions and meromorphic functions on Riemann surfaces as well as to - alytic functions of several complex variables, holomorphic and meromorphic mappings and to the theory of minimal surfaces. Moreover, several appli- tions of the theory have been exploited, including complex differential and functional equations, complex dynamics and Diophantine equations. The main emphasis of this collection is to direct attention to a number of recently developed novel ideas and generalizations that relate to the - velopment of value distribution theory and its applications. In particular, we mean a recent theory that replaces the conventional consideration of counting within a disc by an analysis of their geometric locations. Another such example is presented by the generalizations of the second main theorem to higher dimensional cases by using the jet theory. Moreover, s- ilar ideas apparently may be applied to several related areas as well, such as to partial differential equations and to differential geometry. Indeed, most of these applications go back to the problem of analyzing zeros of certain complex or real functions, meaning in fact to investigate level sets or level surfaces.

Mobile Multimedia in Action displays a revealing picture of how people communicate using camera phones and other mobile multimedia devices. With such devices spreading faster than practically any other new technology, questions about how these devices are being used (and abused) to capture and distribute embarrassing or raunchy images and content, and what should be done about it, are surfacing. This volume presents the first detailed study of the use of these devices.Using a variant of social science research known as ethnomethodology, Koskinen explores the kinds of images people take with camera phones and how they use sound to enhance these images. The book asks two main questions. First, what kinds of methods of expression, such as visuals or sound, do people use when they design multimedia messages? Second, how do people interact with and respond to each other through mobile multimedia devices? Koskinen has a broader objective centering on the impact of these devices on human relationships and society at large. He asks, what do people do with these devices? Is mobile telephony moving toward a more practical direction, or will it simply become a visual chatty channel fit for gossip but not for real news or other practical purposes? What kind of social activities and organizations does it best serve - peer-to-peer networks or institutional ones?Koskinen examines these questions from three unique perspectives: the design elements of mobile multimedia, which considers methods of expression people use in designing multimedia messages; mobile multimedia as interaction, which looks into how people interact with each other using this technology and makes a case for studying multimedia as a naturally occurring activity; and mobile multimedia in society, which searches for answers as to the societal consequences of mobile multimedia usage. A groundbreaking work, Mobile Multimedia in Action will be a fascinating read for both multimedia device professionals and everyday users alike. Providing a glimpse into the future, Koskinen asks where mobile multimedia technology is taking mankind and society.

Suspect Families is the first book to investigate the social, political, and ethical implications of parental testing for family reunification in immigration cases. Drawing on policy documents, legal frameworks, case study material and interviews with representatives of governmental and non-governmental organisation and immigration authorities, immigration lawyers, geneticists and applicants for family reunification, the book analyses the different political regimes and social arrangements in which DNA analysis is adopted for decision-making on family reunification in three distinct European countries: Austria, Finland and Germany. Interdisciplinary in scope, the book reconstructs the processes, institutional logic and the political and administrative practices of DNA testing from a comparative perspective, combining theoretical conceptualisation with detailed empirical work to explore the central societal, political and ethical issues raised by the use of DNA profiling in the context of immigration policy. A ground-breaking study of the role played by new technologies in migration decisions, Suspect Families will appeal to scholars of sociology, political science, science and technology studies and surveillance studies.

The Nevanlinna theory of value distribution of meromorphic functions, one of the milestones of complex analysis during the last century, was c- ated to extend the classical results concerning the distribution of of entire functions to the more general setting of meromorphic functions. Later on, a similar reasoning has been applied to algebroid functions, subharmonic functions and meromorphic functions on Riemann surfaces as well as to - alytic functions of several complex variables, holomorphic and meromorphic mappings and to the theory of minimal surfaces. Moreover, several appli- tions of the theory have been exploited, including complex differential and functional equations, complex dynamics and Diophantine equations. The main emphasis of this collection is to direct attention to a number of recently developed novel ideas and generalizations that relate to the - velopment of value distribution theory and its applications. In particular, we mean a recent theory that replaces the conventional consideration of counting within a disc by an analysis of their geometric locations. Another such example is presented by the generalizations of the second main theorem to higher dimensional cases by using the jet theory. Moreover, s- ilar ideas apparently may be applied to several related areas as well, such as to partial differential equations and to differential geometry. Indeed, most of these applications go back to the problem of analyzing zeros of certain complex or real functions, meaning in fact to investigate level sets or level surfaces.

Constructive design research, is an exploratory endeavor building exemplars, arguments, and evidence. It helps skill the design researcher in participating in the general language games of research and helps the design researcher build research relations beyond the discipline.

Constructive design research, is an exploratory endeavor building exemplars, arguments, and evidence. It helps skill the design researcher in participating in the general language games of research and helps the design researcher build research relations beyond the discipline.

Focusing on cities and urban policy, the main theme of this book is to elaborate on public values for cities and city policies, and to further develop the concept of the meaningful city.

Focusing on cities and urban policy, the main theme of this book is to elaborate on public values for cities and city policies, and to further develop the concept of the meaningful city.

This book summarizes the current understanding of fetal Leydig cells, adult Leydig cell formation and function, hormonal and paracrine regulation of adult Leydig cell function, Leydig cell aging, the causes, consequences, and treatment of reductions in testosterone, and how new technologies might be used for both greater understanding of Leydig cell function and for treatments related to aging- and/or lifestyle-related alterations in Leydig cell function. Chapters are divided into three sections, each focusing on a key aspect of Leydig cell function. These sections are: Leydig Cells from Fetus through Aging, Leydig Cells Steroidogenesis Regulation and Mechanisms, and Leydig Cell Function in Health and Pathophysiology. Written by experts in the field, this book provides a comprehensive approach to the hormone production, function, and pathophysiology of Leydig cells from the fetal to adult stage of development.Leydig Cells: Formation, Regulation and Function in Health and Pathophysiology will be of particular interest to those involved with men’s health and disease, including reproductive medicine, endocrinology, urology, oncology and prenatal and postnatal development of male reproductive function.

This second edition provides a comprehensive overview of endocrinology of the male reproductive system, explaining how it works and how, sometimes, it fails to work. World-class specialists present state of the art knowledge on all aspects, including anatomy, physiology, molecular biology, genetics and pathophysiology. Moreover, the book provides comprehensive description of testicular diseases, considering the clinical manifestations, the endocrine aspects, the clinical management and the therapies available. Extensive consideration is given to sexual development, testicular function, the clinical approach to disorders of male reproduction, male hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction, and male infertility. Moreover, specific insight on future direction in testicular and reproductive disease management are carefully reported. In addition, sociodemographic, psychological, ethical and other humanistic aspects of male reproduction and its disorders are discussed. The book is intended as a major reference for endocrinologists, andrologists, and sexologists, as well as basic and clinical scientists. It is published as part of the Springer Reference program, which delivers access to living editions constantly updated through a dynamic peer-review publishing process.

Keine ausführliche Beschreibung für "Graphematische Untersuchungen zum Frühneuhochdeutschen" verfügbar.

No detailed description available for "Nevanlinna Theory and Complex Differential Equations".

This book is the first comprehensive treatment of Painlevé differential equations in the complex plane. Starting with a rigorous presentation for the meromorphic nature of their solutions, the Nevanlinna theory will be applied to offer a detailed exposition of growth aspects and value distribution of Painlevé transcendents. The subsequent main part of the book is devoted to topics of classical background such as representations and expansions of solutions, solutions of special type like rational and special transcendental solutions, Bäcklund transformations and higher order analogues, treated separately for each of these six equations. The final chapter offers a short overview of applications of Painlevé equations, including an introduction to their discrete counterparts. Due to the present important role of Painlevé equations in physical applications, this monograph should be of interest to researchers in both mathematics and physics and to graduate students interested in mathematical physics and the theory of differential equations.

This book presents developments and new results on complex differential-difference equations, an area with important and interesting applications, which also gathers increasing attention. Key problems, methods, and results related to complex differential-difference equations are collected to offer an up-to-date overview of the field.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of endocrinology of the male reproductive system, explaining how it works and how, sometimes, it fails to work. World-class specialists present state of the art knowledge on all aspects, including anatomy, physiology, molecular biology, genetics, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations of testicular diseases, endocrine aspects of andrological and sexual diseases, and therapy. Extensive consideration is given to sexual development, testicular function, the clinical approach to disorders of male reproduction, male hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction, and male infertility. In addition, sociodemographic, psychological, and ethical aspects of male reproductive disorders are discussed. The book is intended as a major reference for endocrinologists, andrologists, and sexologists, as well as basic and clinical scientists. It is published as part of the SpringerReference program, which delivers access to living editions constantly updated through a dynamic peer-review publishing process.