Encyclopedia of Cardiovascular Research and Medicine

Douglas B. Sawyer is a cardiologist and clinician-investigator whose work in basic and translational research has focused on mechanisms by which the heart maintains cardiac function and recovers after injury. Formerly Chief of Cardiology at Vanderbilt University, and Chief of Cardiac Services and Physician Leader of the Cardiovascular Service Line at Maine Medical Center, USA, Dr. Sawyer has more recently served as the Chief Academic Officer for MaineHealth. He is a Professor of Medicine at Tufts University School of Medicine and serves as the Academic Dean for the TUSM Maine Track. His clinical interests include Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, Clinical and Translational Research. Dr Sawyer is a Fellow of the American College of Cardiology and of the Heart Failure Society of America. He is an elected member of the Association of University Cardiologists and the American Society for Clinical Investigation. Vasan Ramachandran, MD, FACC, FAHA, is the Founding Dean of the School of Public Health in San Antonio, Texas, a Professor of Medicine and Population Health at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, and a Professor of Public Health at the College of Health, Community and Policy at the University of Texas in San Antonio. Previously, Ramachandran served as the Chief in the Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology in the Department of Medicine and as Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology at Boston University Schools of Medicine (BUSM) and Public Health (BUSPH). He also served as the Principal Investigator of the Framingham Heart Study between 2014 and 2022. Currently, Ramachandran is the Principal Investigator of the Risk Underlying Rural Areas Longitudinal (RURAL) Study (funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute), which examines cardiovascular and rural health disparities in rural populations in the Southern Appalachia and the Mississippi Delta, the 'Black Belt'. Dr. Ramachandran is a cardiologist with subspecialty training in echocardiography and cardiovascular epidemiology. His research is focused on: 1) Rural health disparities and social determinants of health. 2) Genomic and non-genomic biomarkers of cardiometabolic and CVD risk. 3) Epidemiology of high blood pressure and heart failure. 4) Population-based echocardiography, vascular tonometry, and exercise performance.4) Perturbation epidemiology, evaluating cardiovascular resilience to standardized microstressors.

• List of SectionsBasic cardiovascular anatomy, physiology, pathology and pharmacologyBasic vascular biologyMolecular biology and genetics/genomics in cardiovascular medicineCardiovascular epidemiology and preventive cardiologyEvaluative and treatment of cardiovascular disease, and clinical research methodsAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseHeart failure and cardiomyopathiesCardiac electrophysiology, arrhythmias and sudden deathDiseases of pericardium, great vessels, pulmonary circulation and miscellaneous cardiovascular disordersHeart disease in special populations and cardiac involvement in systemic diseases