Anthony Robert Rees, educated at the University of Oxford (MSc, MA, DPhil), has had a distinguished academic and research career spanning over 30 years in receptor biology and molecular immunology. He served as a Lecturer in Molecular Biophysics at Oxford (1980-90) before becoming Professor of Biochemistry and Head of the School of Biology & Biochemistry at the University of Bath (1990-97). He was honored with an Emeritus Professorship in 2003 and a Doctor of Science Honoris Causa in 2009 by the University of Bath. Rees co-founded the Oxford University spin-out, Oxford Molecular plc, in 1989, which floated on the LSE in 1994. He held senior executive roles in French and Swedish biotech companies and was a founding board member of the Austrian antibody biotech company F-star. An expert in antibody repertoire theory, he is a consultant in immunology and a member of the American Association for the History of Medicine.

"A New History of Vaccines by Anthony Rees is a well-written and encyclopedic work that is very timely, in that vaccines are much in the public consciousness and a detailed modern history is lacking. It is comprehensive but written clearly and with great insight into how vaccines are developed and used to prevent disease and death throughout the world." --Stanley A Plotkin, MD, Emeritus Professor of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania

• 1. Infectious disease protection: A historical documentary2. The scourge of smallpox and the genius of an 18th century country doctor3. Smallpox vaccination in the 19th century: Obstinacy versus pragmatism4. The biological origins of infection unveiled5. Cholera, typhoid, paratyphoid, and plague: A cautious start to a vaccine revolution6. Diphtheria and tetanus: The discovery of passive immunization7. The tuberculosis roller coaster: Vaccines and antibiotics8. The discovery of viruses provides epic challenges for vaccinology9. Yellow fever, Dengue and Zika: Tropical viral diseases and vaccine development10. Influenza virus: A scientific and evolutionary chameleon11. The Polio virus: Its conquest amid inflamed debate and controversy12. Measles, Mumps and Rubella: Vaccination, mortality, and uncertainty13. Ebola and Marburg viruses: Modern solutions to life-threatening infections14. Corona viruses: Immunological challenges of the ‘new’ infections15. Vaccines are not always perfect: Adverse effects and their clinical impact16. Vaccination and freedom of choice: The individual and the population17. Scientific Glossary

Anthony Robert Rees, educated at the University of Oxford (MSc, MA, DPhil), has had a distinguished academic and research career spanning over 30 years in receptor biology and molecular immunology. He served as a Lecturer in Molecular Biophysics at Oxford (1980-90) before becoming Professor of Biochemistry and Head of the School of Biology & Biochemistry at the University of Bath (1990-97). He was honored with an Emeritus Professorship in 2003 and a Doctor of Science Honoris Causa in 2009 by the University of Bath. Rees co-founded the Oxford University spin-out, Oxford Molecular plc, in 1989, which floated on the LSE in 1994. He held senior executive roles in French and Swedish biotech companies and was a founding board member of the Austrian antibody biotech company F-star. An expert in antibody repertoire theory, he is a consultant in immunology and a member of the American Association for the History of Medicine.

"A New History of Vaccines by Anthony Rees is a well-written and encyclopedic work that is very timely, in that vaccines are much in the public consciousness and a detailed modern history is lacking. It is comprehensive but written clearly and with great insight into how vaccines are developed and used to prevent disease and death throughout the world." --Stanley A Plotkin, MD, Emeritus Professor of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania

• 1. Infectious disease protection: A historical documentary2. The scourge of smallpox and the genius of an 18th century country doctor3. Smallpox vaccination in the 19th century: Obstinacy versus pragmatism4. The biological origins of infection unveiled5. Cholera, typhoid, paratyphoid, and plague: A cautious start to a vaccine revolution6. Diphtheria and tetanus: The discovery of passive immunization7. The tuberculosis roller coaster: Vaccines and antibiotics8. The discovery of viruses provides epic challenges for vaccinology9. Yellow fever, Dengue and Zika: Tropical viral diseases and vaccine development10. Influenza virus: A scientific and evolutionary chameleon11. The Polio virus: Its conquest amid inflamed debate and controversy12. Measles, Mumps and Rubella: Vaccination, mortality, and uncertainty13. Ebola and Marburg viruses: Modern solutions to life-threatening infections14. Corona viruses: Immunological challenges of the ‘new’ infections15. Vaccines are not always perfect: Adverse effects and their clinical impact16. Vaccination and freedom of choice: The individual and the population17. Scientific Glossary

Anthony Robert Rees, educated at the University of Oxford (MSc, MA, DPhil), has had a distinguished academic and research career spanning over 30 years in receptor biology and molecular immunology. He served as a Lecturer in Molecular Biophysics at Oxford (1980-90) before becoming Professor of Biochemistry and Head of the School of Biology & Biochemistry at the University of Bath (1990-97). He was honored with an Emeritus Professorship in 2003 and a Doctor of Science Honoris Causa in 2009 by the University of Bath. Rees co-founded the Oxford University spin-out, Oxford Molecular plc, in 1989, which floated on the LSE in 1994. He held senior executive roles in French and Swedish biotech companies and was a founding board member of the Austrian antibody biotech company F-star. An expert in antibody repertoire theory, he is a consultant in immunology and a member of the American Association for the History of Medicine.

"A New History of Vaccines by Anthony Rees is a well-written and encyclopedic work that is very timely, in that vaccines are much in the public consciousness and a detailed modern history is lacking. It is comprehensive but written clearly and with great insight into how vaccines are developed and used to prevent disease and death throughout the world." --Stanley A Plotkin, MD, Emeritus Professor of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania

• 1. Infectious disease protection: A historical documentary2. The scourge of smallpox and the genius of an 18th century country doctor3. Smallpox vaccination in the 19th century: Obstinacy versus pragmatism4. The biological origins of infection unveiled5. Cholera, typhoid, paratyphoid, and plague: A cautious start to a vaccine revolution6. Diphtheria and tetanus: The discovery of passive immunization7. The tuberculosis roller coaster: Vaccines and antibiotics8. The discovery of viruses provides epic challenges for vaccinology9. Yellow fever, Dengue and Zika: Tropical viral diseases and vaccine development10. Influenza virus: A scientific and evolutionary chameleon11. The Polio virus: Its conquest amid inflamed debate and controversy12. Measles, Mumps and Rubella: Vaccination, mortality, and uncertainty13. Ebola and Marburg viruses: Modern solutions to life-threatening infections14. Corona viruses: Immunological challenges of the ‘new’ infections15. Vaccines are not always perfect: Adverse effects and their clinical impact16. Vaccination and freedom of choice: The individual and the population17. Scientific Glossary