JAMES AMBROSE is Editor of the Parker/Ambrose Series of Simplified Design Guides. He has practiced as an architect in California and Illinois, and as a structural engineer in Illinois. He was professor of architecture at the University of Southern California.PATRICK TRIPENY is an Associate Professor and the Director of the School of Architecture at the University of Utah. He is a licensed architect in California, where he practiced architecture before returning to academia. He has been the recipient of a number of teaching awards at the local and national level for his work in teaching structures and design.

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• Preface to the Sixth Edition xiPreface to the First Edition xvIntroduction 11 Structural Uses of Wood 121.1 Sources of Wood 131.2 Tree Growth 131.3 Density of Wood 141.4 Defects in Lumber 151.5 Seasoning of Wood 161.6 Nominal and Dressed Sizes 171.7 Use Classification of Structural Lumber 171.8 Grading of Structural Lumber 181.9 Fabricated Wood Products 182 Design Issues and Methods 202.1 Design Goals 202.2 Methods of Investigation and Design 232.3 Choice of Design Method 253 Structural Investigation 273.1 General Concerns 273.2 Forces and Loads 283.3 Direct Stress 303.4 Kinds of Stress 313.5 Deformation 323.6 Elastic Response and Limit 323.7 Inelastic Behavior and Ultimate Strength 333.8 Modulus of Elasticity 333.9 Permissible Values for Design 354 Design Data and Criteria 364.1 General Concerns 364.2 Reference Design Values for Allowable Stress Design (ASD) 374.3 Adjustment of Design Values 414.4 Modification for Loading with Relation to Grain Direction 454.5 Design Controls for LRFD 475 Beam Functions 505.1 General Considerations 505.2 Moments 525.3 Beam Loads and Reaction Forces 575.4 Beam Shear 605.5 Bending Moment 655.6 Tabulated Values for Beam Behavior 785.7 Multiple-Span Beams 826 Behavior of Beams 866.1 Shear in Beams 866.2 Bending in Beams 936.3 Deflection 976.4 Bearing 1016.5 Buckling of Beams 1036.6 Unsymmetrical Bending 1056.7 Behavior Considerations for LRFD 1097 Design of Beams 1177.1 Design Procedure 1177.2 Beam Design Examples 1187.3 Joists and Rafters 1217.4 Alternative Spanning Elements 1268 Wood Decks 1298.1 Board Decks 1298.2 Wood Fiber Decks 1328.3 Plywood Decks 1328.4 Spanning Capability of Decks 1339 Wood Columns 1359.1 Slenderness Ratio for Columns 1359.2 Compression Capacity of Simple Solid Columns 1369.3 Column Load Capacity, LRFD 1459.4 Round Columns 1479.5 Stud Wall Construction 1489.6 Spaced Columns 1509.7 Built-Up Columns 1549.8 Columns with Bending 15510 Connections for Wood Structures 16610.1 Bolted Joints 16610.2 Nailed Joints 17610.3 Screws 17910.4 Mechanically Driven Fasteners 18110.5 Shear Developers 18110.6 Split-Ring Connectors 18210.7 Formed Steel Framing Elements 18910.8 Concrete and Masonry Anchors 19210.9 Plywood Gussets 19210.10 Investigation of Connections, LRFD 19411 Trusses 19611.1 General Considerations 19611.2 Types of Trusses 19911.3 Bracing for Trusses 19911.4 Loads on Trusses 20111.5 Investigation for Internal Forces in Planar Trusses 20311.6 Design Forces for Truss Members 22111.7 Combined Actions in Truss Members 22111.8 Truss Members and Joints 22211.9 Timber Trusses 22311.10 Manufactured Trusses 22412 Miscellaneous Wood Products and Elements 22612.1 Engineered Wood Products 22612.2 Glued Laminated Structural Member 22712.3 Structural Composite Lumber 22912.4 Wood Structural Panels 23112.5 Plywood 23212.6 Prefabricated Wood I-Joists 23712.7 Built-Up Panel and Lumber Beams 23812.8 Flitched Beams 23912.9 Pole Structures 24413 Wood Structures for Lateral Bracing 24613.1 Application of Wind and Earthquake Forces 24713.2 Horizontal Diaphragms 25013.3 Vertical Diaphragms (Shear Walls) 26213.4 Investigation and Design of Wood-Framed Shear Walls 27013.5 Trussed Bracing for Wood Frames 27713.6 Special Lateral Bracing 28414 General Considerations for Building Structures 28814.1 Choice of Building Construction 28814.2 Structural Design Standards 28914.3 Loads for Structural Design 28914.4 Dead Loads 29014.5 Building Code Requirements for Structures 29214.6 Live Loads 29414.7 Lateral Loads (Wind and Earthquake) 29714.8 Load Combinations and Factors 30114.9 Determination of Design Loads 30214.10 Structural Planning 30214.11 Building Systems Integration 30314.12 Economics 30315 Building Design Examples 30615.1 Building One: Single-Story Light Wood Frame 30715.2 Building Two: Multistory Light Wood Frame 32715.3 Building Three: Masonry and Timber Structure 33415.4 Building Four: Steel and Wood Structure 351Appendix A: Properties of Sections 354Appendix B: Study Aids 369Appendix C: Answers to Problems 381Glossary 387References 390Index 393

JAMES AMBROSE is Editor of the Parker/Ambrose Series of Simplified Design Guides. He has practiced as an architect in California and Illinois, and as a structural engineer in Illinois. He was professor of architecture at the University of Southern California.PATRICK TRIPENY is an Associate Professor and the Director of the School of Architecture at the University of Utah. He is a licensed architect in California, where he practiced architecture before returning to academia. He has been the recipient of a number of teaching awards at the local and national level for his work in teaching structures and design.

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• Preface to the Sixth Edition xiPreface to the First Edition xvIntroduction 11 Structural Uses of Wood 121.1 Sources of Wood 131.2 Tree Growth 131.3 Density of Wood 141.4 Defects in Lumber 151.5 Seasoning of Wood 161.6 Nominal and Dressed Sizes 171.7 Use Classification of Structural Lumber 171.8 Grading of Structural Lumber 181.9 Fabricated Wood Products 182 Design Issues and Methods 202.1 Design Goals 202.2 Methods of Investigation and Design 232.3 Choice of Design Method 253 Structural Investigation 273.1 General Concerns 273.2 Forces and Loads 283.3 Direct Stress 303.4 Kinds of Stress 313.5 Deformation 323.6 Elastic Response and Limit 323.7 Inelastic Behavior and Ultimate Strength 333.8 Modulus of Elasticity 333.9 Permissible Values for Design 354 Design Data and Criteria 364.1 General Concerns 364.2 Reference Design Values for Allowable Stress Design (ASD) 374.3 Adjustment of Design Values 414.4 Modification for Loading with Relation to Grain Direction 454.5 Design Controls for LRFD 475 Beam Functions 505.1 General Considerations 505.2 Moments 525.3 Beam Loads and Reaction Forces 575.4 Beam Shear 605.5 Bending Moment 655.6 Tabulated Values for Beam Behavior 785.7 Multiple-Span Beams 826 Behavior of Beams 866.1 Shear in Beams 866.2 Bending in Beams 936.3 Deflection 976.4 Bearing 1016.5 Buckling of Beams 1036.6 Unsymmetrical Bending 1056.7 Behavior Considerations for LRFD 1097 Design of Beams 1177.1 Design Procedure 1177.2 Beam Design Examples 1187.3 Joists and Rafters 1217.4 Alternative Spanning Elements 1268 Wood Decks 1298.1 Board Decks 1298.2 Wood Fiber Decks 1328.3 Plywood Decks 1328.4 Spanning Capability of Decks 1339 Wood Columns 1359.1 Slenderness Ratio for Columns 1359.2 Compression Capacity of Simple Solid Columns 1369.3 Column Load Capacity, LRFD 1459.4 Round Columns 1479.5 Stud Wall Construction 1489.6 Spaced Columns 1509.7 Built-Up Columns 1549.8 Columns with Bending 15510 Connections for Wood Structures 16610.1 Bolted Joints 16610.2 Nailed Joints 17610.3 Screws 17910.4 Mechanically Driven Fasteners 18110.5 Shear Developers 18110.6 Split-Ring Connectors 18210.7 Formed Steel Framing Elements 18910.8 Concrete and Masonry Anchors 19210.9 Plywood Gussets 19210.10 Investigation of Connections, LRFD 19411 Trusses 19611.1 General Considerations 19611.2 Types of Trusses 19911.3 Bracing for Trusses 19911.4 Loads on Trusses 20111.5 Investigation for Internal Forces in Planar Trusses 20311.6 Design Forces for Truss Members 22111.7 Combined Actions in Truss Members 22111.8 Truss Members and Joints 22211.9 Timber Trusses 22311.10 Manufactured Trusses 22412 Miscellaneous Wood Products and Elements 22612.1 Engineered Wood Products 22612.2 Glued Laminated Structural Member 22712.3 Structural Composite Lumber 22912.4 Wood Structural Panels 23112.5 Plywood 23212.6 Prefabricated Wood I-Joists 23712.7 Built-Up Panel and Lumber Beams 23812.8 Flitched Beams 23912.9 Pole Structures 24413 Wood Structures for Lateral Bracing 24613.1 Application of Wind and Earthquake Forces 24713.2 Horizontal Diaphragms 25013.3 Vertical Diaphragms (Shear Walls) 26213.4 Investigation and Design of Wood-Framed Shear Walls 27013.5 Trussed Bracing for Wood Frames 27713.6 Special Lateral Bracing 28414 General Considerations for Building Structures 28814.1 Choice of Building Construction 28814.2 Structural Design Standards 28914.3 Loads for Structural Design 28914.4 Dead Loads 29014.5 Building Code Requirements for Structures 29214.6 Live Loads 29414.7 Lateral Loads (Wind and Earthquake) 29714.8 Load Combinations and Factors 30114.9 Determination of Design Loads 30214.10 Structural Planning 30214.11 Building Systems Integration 30314.12 Economics 30315 Building Design Examples 30615.1 Building One: Single-Story Light Wood Frame 30715.2 Building Two: Multistory Light Wood Frame 32715.3 Building Three: Masonry and Timber Structure 33415.4 Building Four: Steel and Wood Structure 351Appendix A: Properties of Sections 354Appendix B: Study Aids 369Appendix C: Answers to Problems 381Glossary 387References 390Index 393

JAMES AMBROSE is Editor of the Parker/Ambrose Series of Simplified Design Guides. He has practiced as an architect in California and Illinois, and as a structural engineer in Illinois. He was professor of architecture at the University of Southern California.PATRICK TRIPENY is an Associate Professor and the Director of the School of Architecture at the University of Utah. He is a licensed architect in California, where he practiced architecture before returning to academia. He has been the recipient of a number of teaching awards at the local and national level for his work in teaching structures and design.

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• Preface to the Sixth Edition xiPreface to the First Edition xvIntroduction 11 Structural Uses of Wood 121.1 Sources of Wood 131.2 Tree Growth 131.3 Density of Wood 141.4 Defects in Lumber 151.5 Seasoning of Wood 161.6 Nominal and Dressed Sizes 171.7 Use Classification of Structural Lumber 171.8 Grading of Structural Lumber 181.9 Fabricated Wood Products 182 Design Issues and Methods 202.1 Design Goals 202.2 Methods of Investigation and Design 232.3 Choice of Design Method 253 Structural Investigation 273.1 General Concerns 273.2 Forces and Loads 283.3 Direct Stress 303.4 Kinds of Stress 313.5 Deformation 323.6 Elastic Response and Limit 323.7 Inelastic Behavior and Ultimate Strength 333.8 Modulus of Elasticity 333.9 Permissible Values for Design 354 Design Data and Criteria 364.1 General Concerns 364.2 Reference Design Values for Allowable Stress Design (ASD) 374.3 Adjustment of Design Values 414.4 Modification for Loading with Relation to Grain Direction 454.5 Design Controls for LRFD 475 Beam Functions 505.1 General Considerations 505.2 Moments 525.3 Beam Loads and Reaction Forces 575.4 Beam Shear 605.5 Bending Moment 655.6 Tabulated Values for Beam Behavior 785.7 Multiple-Span Beams 826 Behavior of Beams 866.1 Shear in Beams 866.2 Bending in Beams 936.3 Deflection 976.4 Bearing 1016.5 Buckling of Beams 1036.6 Unsymmetrical Bending 1056.7 Behavior Considerations for LRFD 1097 Design of Beams 1177.1 Design Procedure 1177.2 Beam Design Examples 1187.3 Joists and Rafters 1217.4 Alternative Spanning Elements 1268 Wood Decks 1298.1 Board Decks 1298.2 Wood Fiber Decks 1328.3 Plywood Decks 1328.4 Spanning Capability of Decks 1339 Wood Columns 1359.1 Slenderness Ratio for Columns 1359.2 Compression Capacity of Simple Solid Columns 1369.3 Column Load Capacity, LRFD 1459.4 Round Columns 1479.5 Stud Wall Construction 1489.6 Spaced Columns 1509.7 Built-Up Columns 1549.8 Columns with Bending 15510 Connections for Wood Structures 16610.1 Bolted Joints 16610.2 Nailed Joints 17610.3 Screws 17910.4 Mechanically Driven Fasteners 18110.5 Shear Developers 18110.6 Split-Ring Connectors 18210.7 Formed Steel Framing Elements 18910.8 Concrete and Masonry Anchors 19210.9 Plywood Gussets 19210.10 Investigation of Connections, LRFD 19411 Trusses 19611.1 General Considerations 19611.2 Types of Trusses 19911.3 Bracing for Trusses 19911.4 Loads on Trusses 20111.5 Investigation for Internal Forces in Planar Trusses 20311.6 Design Forces for Truss Members 22111.7 Combined Actions in Truss Members 22111.8 Truss Members and Joints 22211.9 Timber Trusses 22311.10 Manufactured Trusses 22412 Miscellaneous Wood Products and Elements 22612.1 Engineered Wood Products 22612.2 Glued Laminated Structural Member 22712.3 Structural Composite Lumber 22912.4 Wood Structural Panels 23112.5 Plywood 23212.6 Prefabricated Wood I-Joists 23712.7 Built-Up Panel and Lumber Beams 23812.8 Flitched Beams 23912.9 Pole Structures 24413 Wood Structures for Lateral Bracing 24613.1 Application of Wind and Earthquake Forces 24713.2 Horizontal Diaphragms 25013.3 Vertical Diaphragms (Shear Walls) 26213.4 Investigation and Design of Wood-Framed Shear Walls 27013.5 Trussed Bracing for Wood Frames 27713.6 Special Lateral Bracing 28414 General Considerations for Building Structures 28814.1 Choice of Building Construction 28814.2 Structural Design Standards 28914.3 Loads for Structural Design 28914.4 Dead Loads 29014.5 Building Code Requirements for Structures 29214.6 Live Loads 29414.7 Lateral Loads (Wind and Earthquake) 29714.8 Load Combinations and Factors 30114.9 Determination of Design Loads 30214.10 Structural Planning 30214.11 Building Systems Integration 30314.12 Economics 30315 Building Design Examples 30615.1 Building One: Single-Story Light Wood Frame 30715.2 Building Two: Multistory Light Wood Frame 32715.3 Building Three: Masonry and Timber Structure 33415.4 Building Four: Steel and Wood Structure 351Appendix A: Properties of Sections 354Appendix B: Study Aids 369Appendix C: Answers to Problems 381Glossary 387References 390Index 393