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• VOLUME ONE: GENERAL The Classification of Electoral Systems - André BlaisThe Field of Electoral Systems Research - Arend LijphartA Critical SurveyHow the World Votes - Andrew Reynolds and Marco SteenbergenThe Political Consequences of Ballot Design, Innovation and ManipulationElectoral Systems - Rein TaageperaProportionality, Disproportionality and Electoral Systems - Michael GallagherEffective Number of Parties - Markku Laakso and Rein TaageperaA Measure with Application to West EuropeThe Theoretical Limits of Maximum Distortion - John Loosemore and Victor HanbySome Analytic Expressions for Electoral SystemsMapping the Indices of Seat-Votes Disproportionality and Inter-Election Volatility - Rein Taagepera and Bernard GrofmanVOLUME TWO: DUVERGER′S LAWThe Endogeneity Problem in Electoral Studies - Kenneth BenoitA Critical Re-Examination of Duverger′s Mechanical EffectThe Psychological Impact of Electoral Laws - André Blais and R.K. CartyMeasuring Duverger′s Elusive FactorIt′s Parties That Choose Electoral Systems (or, Duverger′s Laws upside down) - Josep ColomerElectoral Rules and Electoral Co-Ordination - Gary CoxDuverger′s Law and the Size of the Indian Party System - Rekha DiwakarPolitical Parties - Maurice DuvergerTheir Organization and Activity in the Modern StateDuverger′s Law - Maurice DuvergerForty Years LaterThe Political Consequences of Electoral Laws, 1945-85 - Arend LijphartElectoral Institutions, Ethnopolitical Cleavages and Party Systems in Africa′s Emerging Party Systems - Shaheen Mozaffar, James Scarritt and Glen GalaichEthnic Heterogeneity, District Magnitude and the Number of Parties - Peter Ordeshook and Olga ShvetsovaStructure and Behaviour - Steven ReedExtending Duverger′s Law to the Japanese CaseSeat Share Distribution of Parties - Rein Taagepera and Mirjam AllikModels and Empirical PatternsLearning to Make Votes Count - Margit Tavits and Taavi AnnusThe Role of Democratic ExperienceVOLUME THREE: ELECTORAL SYSTEM DESIGN AND REFORMTo Adopt or Not to Adopt Proportional Representation - Andre Blais, Agnieszka Dobrzynska and Indridi IndridasonThe Politics of Institutional ChoiceSetting the Rules of the Game - Carles Boix The Choice of Electoral Systems in Advanced DemocraciesExpert Opinion on Electoral Systems - Shaun Bowler, David Farrell and Philip PettittSo Which Electoral System Is ′Best′?Democratic Electoral Systems around the World, 1946-2000 - Matt GolderA Guide to the Constitutional Structures and Electoral Systems of East, South and Southeast Asia - Allen Hicken and Yuko KasuyaThe Study of the Politics of Electoral Reform in the 1990s - Gideon RahatTheoretical and Methodological LessonsEvaluating Political Reform in Japan - Steven ReedA Mid-Term ReportDemocratization and Electoral Reform in the Asia-Pacific Region - Ben ReillyIs There an ′Asian Model′ of Democracy?Electoral ′Efficiency′ and the Move to Mixed-Member Systems - Matthew ShugartBallot Position Effects - Robert Darcy and Ian McAllisterPreferential Voting and Political Engineering - Ben ReillyA Comparative StudyElectoral Laws as Political Consequences - Kenneth BenoitExplaining the Origins and Change of Electoral InstitutionsVOLUME FOUR: GEOGRAPHY AND INTRA-PARTY TRENDSPART ONE: ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AND GEOGRAPHYElectoral Systems and Unimagined Consequences - Burt Monroe and Amanda RosePartisan Effects of Districted Proportional RepresentationThe Value of a Vote - David Samuels and Richard SnyderMalapportionment in Comparative PerspectiveGeographical Representation under Proportional Representation - Michael Latner and Anthony McGannThe Cases of Israel and The NetherlandsThe Components of Elections - Scott Morgenstern and Richard PotthoffDistrict Heterogeneity, District-Time Effects and VolatilityElectoral Institutions, Hometowns and Favored Minorities - Shigeo HiranoEvidence from Japanese Electoral ReformsPART TWO: THE INTRA-PARTY DIMENSIONLegislator Shirking and Voter Monitoring - Shaun Bowler and David FarrellImpacts of European Parliament Electoral Systems upon Legislator-Voter RelationshipsCompeting Principals, Political Institutions and Party Unity in Legislative Voting - John CareyIncentives to Cultivate a Personal Vote - John Carey and Matthew ShugartComparisons among Electoral Systems - Bernard GrofmanDistinguishing between Localism and Candidate-Centered PoliticsLooking for Locals - Matthew Shugart, Melody Valdini and Kati SuominenVoter Information Demands and Personal Vote-Earning Attributes of Legislators under Proportional RepresentationElectoral Systems, Contextual Factors and Women′s Opportunity for Election in 23 Democracies - Wilma RuleVOLUME FIVE: ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AND GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCEPolitical Institutions and Satisfaction with Democracy - Christopher Anderson and Christine Guillory A Cross-National Analysis of Consensus and Majoritarian SystemsA Comparative Theory of Electoral Incentives - Kathlenn Bawn and Michael ThiesRepresenting the Unorganized under PR, Plurality and Mixed-Member Electoral Systems Voter Satisfaction and Electoral Systems - David Farrell and Ian McAllisterDoes Preferential Voting in Candidate-Centred Systems Make a Difference?Democracies - Arend LijphartForms, Performance and Constitutional EngineeringCongruence between Citizens and Policy Makers in Two Visions of Liberal Democracy - John Huber and G. Bingham Powell Jr.Ballots not Bullets - Pippa NorrisTesting Consociational Theories of Ethnic Conflict, Electoral Systems and DemocratizationElectoral Institutions, Cleavage Structures and the Number of Parties - Octavio Neto and Gary CoxDoes Proportional Representation Foster Voter Turnout - André Blais and R. Kenneth Carty Electoral Systems, District Magnitude and Corruption - Eric Chang and Miriam GoldenExecutive Authority, the Personal Vote and Budget Discipline in Latin American and Caribbean Countries - Mark Hallerberg and Patrik MarierElectoral Rules and Constitutional Structures as Constraints on Corruption - Jana Kunicová and Susan Rose-AckermanVote-Seeking Incentives and Legislative Representation in Six Presidential Democracies - Brian Crisp et alVOLUME SIX: PARTICULAR ELECTORAL SYSTEMSElectoral Strategy under Open-List Proportional Representation - Barry AmesMaking Candidates Count - André Blais and Indridi IndridasonThe Logic of Electoral Alliances in Two-Round Legislative ElectionsA Quadruple Whammy for First-Past-the-Post - Adrian BlauSingle-Member District Electoral Systems and Democratic Transition - Sarah BirchDesigning Electoral Institutions - David Farrell, Malcolm Mackerras and Ian McAllisterVarieties of STV SystemsGoing It Alone? Strategic Entry under Mixed Electoral Rules - Federico Ferrara and Erik HerronContamination Effects and the Number of Parties in Mixed-Superposition Electoral Systems - Erik Herron and Misa NishikawaDoes the Alternative Vote Foster Moderation in Ethnically Divided Societies? The Case of Fiji - Jon Fraenkel and Bernard GrofmanThe Importance of Electoral Rules - Ignacio Lago and Ferran MartínezComparing the Number of Parties in Spain′s Lower and Upper HousesMixed Electoral Systems and Electoral System Effects - Robert Moser and Ethan ScheinerControlled Comparison and Cross-National Analysis′Mixed Electoral Rules′ Impact on Party Systems - Misa Nishikawa and Erik HerronElectoral Incentives in Mixed-Member Systems - R. Pekkanen, B. Nyblade and E.S. KrausParty, Posts and Zombie Politicians in JapanMixed-Member Electoral Systems - Matthew Shugart and Martin WattenbergThe Best of Both Worlds?

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• VOLUME ONE: GENERAL The Classification of Electoral Systems - André BlaisThe Field of Electoral Systems Research - Arend LijphartA Critical SurveyHow the World Votes - Andrew Reynolds and Marco SteenbergenThe Political Consequences of Ballot Design, Innovation and ManipulationElectoral Systems - Rein TaageperaProportionality, Disproportionality and Electoral Systems - Michael GallagherEffective Number of Parties - Markku Laakso and Rein TaageperaA Measure with Application to West EuropeThe Theoretical Limits of Maximum Distortion - John Loosemore and Victor HanbySome Analytic Expressions for Electoral SystemsMapping the Indices of Seat-Votes Disproportionality and Inter-Election Volatility - Rein Taagepera and Bernard GrofmanVOLUME TWO: DUVERGER′S LAWThe Endogeneity Problem in Electoral Studies - Kenneth BenoitA Critical Re-Examination of Duverger′s Mechanical EffectThe Psychological Impact of Electoral Laws - André Blais and R.K. CartyMeasuring Duverger′s Elusive FactorIt′s Parties That Choose Electoral Systems (or, Duverger′s Laws upside down) - Josep ColomerElectoral Rules and Electoral Co-Ordination - Gary CoxDuverger′s Law and the Size of the Indian Party System - Rekha DiwakarPolitical Parties - Maurice DuvergerTheir Organization and Activity in the Modern StateDuverger′s Law - Maurice DuvergerForty Years LaterThe Political Consequences of Electoral Laws, 1945-85 - Arend LijphartElectoral Institutions, Ethnopolitical Cleavages and Party Systems in Africa′s Emerging Party Systems - Shaheen Mozaffar, James Scarritt and Glen GalaichEthnic Heterogeneity, District Magnitude and the Number of Parties - Peter Ordeshook and Olga ShvetsovaStructure and Behaviour - Steven ReedExtending Duverger′s Law to the Japanese CaseSeat Share Distribution of Parties - Rein Taagepera and Mirjam AllikModels and Empirical PatternsLearning to Make Votes Count - Margit Tavits and Taavi AnnusThe Role of Democratic ExperienceVOLUME THREE: ELECTORAL SYSTEM DESIGN AND REFORMTo Adopt or Not to Adopt Proportional Representation - Andre Blais, Agnieszka Dobrzynska and Indridi IndridasonThe Politics of Institutional ChoiceSetting the Rules of the Game - Carles Boix The Choice of Electoral Systems in Advanced DemocraciesExpert Opinion on Electoral Systems - Shaun Bowler, David Farrell and Philip PettittSo Which Electoral System Is ′Best′?Democratic Electoral Systems around the World, 1946-2000 - Matt GolderA Guide to the Constitutional Structures and Electoral Systems of East, South and Southeast Asia - Allen Hicken and Yuko KasuyaThe Study of the Politics of Electoral Reform in the 1990s - Gideon RahatTheoretical and Methodological LessonsEvaluating Political Reform in Japan - Steven ReedA Mid-Term ReportDemocratization and Electoral Reform in the Asia-Pacific Region - Ben ReillyIs There an ′Asian Model′ of Democracy?Electoral ′Efficiency′ and the Move to Mixed-Member Systems - Matthew ShugartBallot Position Effects - Robert Darcy and Ian McAllisterPreferential Voting and Political Engineering - Ben ReillyA Comparative StudyElectoral Laws as Political Consequences - Kenneth BenoitExplaining the Origins and Change of Electoral InstitutionsVOLUME FOUR: GEOGRAPHY AND INTRA-PARTY TRENDSPART ONE: ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AND GEOGRAPHYElectoral Systems and Unimagined Consequences - Burt Monroe and Amanda RosePartisan Effects of Districted Proportional RepresentationThe Value of a Vote - David Samuels and Richard SnyderMalapportionment in Comparative PerspectiveGeographical Representation under Proportional Representation - Michael Latner and Anthony McGannThe Cases of Israel and The NetherlandsThe Components of Elections - Scott Morgenstern and Richard PotthoffDistrict Heterogeneity, District-Time Effects and VolatilityElectoral Institutions, Hometowns and Favored Minorities - Shigeo HiranoEvidence from Japanese Electoral ReformsPART TWO: THE INTRA-PARTY DIMENSIONLegislator Shirking and Voter Monitoring - Shaun Bowler and David FarrellImpacts of European Parliament Electoral Systems upon Legislator-Voter RelationshipsCompeting Principals, Political Institutions and Party Unity in Legislative Voting - John CareyIncentives to Cultivate a Personal Vote - John Carey and Matthew ShugartComparisons among Electoral Systems - Bernard GrofmanDistinguishing between Localism and Candidate-Centered PoliticsLooking for Locals - Matthew Shugart, Melody Valdini and Kati SuominenVoter Information Demands and Personal Vote-Earning Attributes of Legislators under Proportional RepresentationElectoral Systems, Contextual Factors and Women′s Opportunity for Election in 23 Democracies - Wilma RuleVOLUME FIVE: ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AND GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCEPolitical Institutions and Satisfaction with Democracy - Christopher Anderson and Christine Guillory A Cross-National Analysis of Consensus and Majoritarian SystemsA Comparative Theory of Electoral Incentives - Kathlenn Bawn and Michael ThiesRepresenting the Unorganized under PR, Plurality and Mixed-Member Electoral Systems Voter Satisfaction and Electoral Systems - David Farrell and Ian McAllisterDoes Preferential Voting in Candidate-Centred Systems Make a Difference?Democracies - Arend LijphartForms, Performance and Constitutional EngineeringCongruence between Citizens and Policy Makers in Two Visions of Liberal Democracy - John Huber and G. Bingham Powell Jr.Ballots not Bullets - Pippa NorrisTesting Consociational Theories of Ethnic Conflict, Electoral Systems and DemocratizationElectoral Institutions, Cleavage Structures and the Number of Parties - Octavio Neto and Gary CoxDoes Proportional Representation Foster Voter Turnout - André Blais and R. Kenneth Carty Electoral Systems, District Magnitude and Corruption - Eric Chang and Miriam GoldenExecutive Authority, the Personal Vote and Budget Discipline in Latin American and Caribbean Countries - Mark Hallerberg and Patrik MarierElectoral Rules and Constitutional Structures as Constraints on Corruption - Jana Kunicová and Susan Rose-AckermanVote-Seeking Incentives and Legislative Representation in Six Presidential Democracies - Brian Crisp et alVOLUME SIX: PARTICULAR ELECTORAL SYSTEMSElectoral Strategy under Open-List Proportional Representation - Barry AmesMaking Candidates Count - André Blais and Indridi IndridasonThe Logic of Electoral Alliances in Two-Round Legislative ElectionsA Quadruple Whammy for First-Past-the-Post - Adrian BlauSingle-Member District Electoral Systems and Democratic Transition - Sarah BirchDesigning Electoral Institutions - David Farrell, Malcolm Mackerras and Ian McAllisterVarieties of STV SystemsGoing It Alone? Strategic Entry under Mixed Electoral Rules - Federico Ferrara and Erik HerronContamination Effects and the Number of Parties in Mixed-Superposition Electoral Systems - Erik Herron and Misa NishikawaDoes the Alternative Vote Foster Moderation in Ethnically Divided Societies? The Case of Fiji - Jon Fraenkel and Bernard GrofmanThe Importance of Electoral Rules - Ignacio Lago and Ferran MartínezComparing the Number of Parties in Spain′s Lower and Upper HousesMixed Electoral Systems and Electoral System Effects - Robert Moser and Ethan ScheinerControlled Comparison and Cross-National Analysis′Mixed Electoral Rules′ Impact on Party Systems - Misa Nishikawa and Erik HerronElectoral Incentives in Mixed-Member Systems - R. Pekkanen, B. Nyblade and E.S. KrausParty, Posts and Zombie Politicians in JapanMixed-Member Electoral Systems - Matthew Shugart and Martin WattenbergThe Best of Both Worlds?

Select Guide Rating

• VOLUME ONE: GENERAL The Classification of Electoral Systems - André BlaisThe Field of Electoral Systems Research - Arend LijphartA Critical SurveyHow the World Votes - Andrew Reynolds and Marco SteenbergenThe Political Consequences of Ballot Design, Innovation and ManipulationElectoral Systems - Rein TaageperaProportionality, Disproportionality and Electoral Systems - Michael GallagherEffective Number of Parties - Markku Laakso and Rein TaageperaA Measure with Application to West EuropeThe Theoretical Limits of Maximum Distortion - John Loosemore and Victor HanbySome Analytic Expressions for Electoral SystemsMapping the Indices of Seat-Votes Disproportionality and Inter-Election Volatility - Rein Taagepera and Bernard GrofmanVOLUME TWO: DUVERGER′S LAWThe Endogeneity Problem in Electoral Studies - Kenneth BenoitA Critical Re-Examination of Duverger′s Mechanical EffectThe Psychological Impact of Electoral Laws - André Blais and R.K. CartyMeasuring Duverger′s Elusive FactorIt′s Parties That Choose Electoral Systems (or, Duverger′s Laws upside down) - Josep ColomerElectoral Rules and Electoral Co-Ordination - Gary CoxDuverger′s Law and the Size of the Indian Party System - Rekha DiwakarPolitical Parties - Maurice DuvergerTheir Organization and Activity in the Modern StateDuverger′s Law - Maurice DuvergerForty Years LaterThe Political Consequences of Electoral Laws, 1945-85 - Arend LijphartElectoral Institutions, Ethnopolitical Cleavages and Party Systems in Africa′s Emerging Party Systems - Shaheen Mozaffar, James Scarritt and Glen GalaichEthnic Heterogeneity, District Magnitude and the Number of Parties - Peter Ordeshook and Olga ShvetsovaStructure and Behaviour - Steven ReedExtending Duverger′s Law to the Japanese CaseSeat Share Distribution of Parties - Rein Taagepera and Mirjam AllikModels and Empirical PatternsLearning to Make Votes Count - Margit Tavits and Taavi AnnusThe Role of Democratic ExperienceVOLUME THREE: ELECTORAL SYSTEM DESIGN AND REFORMTo Adopt or Not to Adopt Proportional Representation - Andre Blais, Agnieszka Dobrzynska and Indridi IndridasonThe Politics of Institutional ChoiceSetting the Rules of the Game - Carles Boix The Choice of Electoral Systems in Advanced DemocraciesExpert Opinion on Electoral Systems - Shaun Bowler, David Farrell and Philip PettittSo Which Electoral System Is ′Best′?Democratic Electoral Systems around the World, 1946-2000 - Matt GolderA Guide to the Constitutional Structures and Electoral Systems of East, South and Southeast Asia - Allen Hicken and Yuko KasuyaThe Study of the Politics of Electoral Reform in the 1990s - Gideon RahatTheoretical and Methodological LessonsEvaluating Political Reform in Japan - Steven ReedA Mid-Term ReportDemocratization and Electoral Reform in the Asia-Pacific Region - Ben ReillyIs There an ′Asian Model′ of Democracy?Electoral ′Efficiency′ and the Move to Mixed-Member Systems - Matthew ShugartBallot Position Effects - Robert Darcy and Ian McAllisterPreferential Voting and Political Engineering - Ben ReillyA Comparative StudyElectoral Laws as Political Consequences - Kenneth BenoitExplaining the Origins and Change of Electoral InstitutionsVOLUME FOUR: GEOGRAPHY AND INTRA-PARTY TRENDSPART ONE: ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AND GEOGRAPHYElectoral Systems and Unimagined Consequences - Burt Monroe and Amanda RosePartisan Effects of Districted Proportional RepresentationThe Value of a Vote - David Samuels and Richard SnyderMalapportionment in Comparative PerspectiveGeographical Representation under Proportional Representation - Michael Latner and Anthony McGannThe Cases of Israel and The NetherlandsThe Components of Elections - Scott Morgenstern and Richard PotthoffDistrict Heterogeneity, District-Time Effects and VolatilityElectoral Institutions, Hometowns and Favored Minorities - Shigeo HiranoEvidence from Japanese Electoral ReformsPART TWO: THE INTRA-PARTY DIMENSIONLegislator Shirking and Voter Monitoring - Shaun Bowler and David FarrellImpacts of European Parliament Electoral Systems upon Legislator-Voter RelationshipsCompeting Principals, Political Institutions and Party Unity in Legislative Voting - John CareyIncentives to Cultivate a Personal Vote - John Carey and Matthew ShugartComparisons among Electoral Systems - Bernard GrofmanDistinguishing between Localism and Candidate-Centered PoliticsLooking for Locals - Matthew Shugart, Melody Valdini and Kati SuominenVoter Information Demands and Personal Vote-Earning Attributes of Legislators under Proportional RepresentationElectoral Systems, Contextual Factors and Women′s Opportunity for Election in 23 Democracies - Wilma RuleVOLUME FIVE: ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AND GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCEPolitical Institutions and Satisfaction with Democracy - Christopher Anderson and Christine Guillory A Cross-National Analysis of Consensus and Majoritarian SystemsA Comparative Theory of Electoral Incentives - Kathlenn Bawn and Michael ThiesRepresenting the Unorganized under PR, Plurality and Mixed-Member Electoral Systems Voter Satisfaction and Electoral Systems - David Farrell and Ian McAllisterDoes Preferential Voting in Candidate-Centred Systems Make a Difference?Democracies - Arend LijphartForms, Performance and Constitutional EngineeringCongruence between Citizens and Policy Makers in Two Visions of Liberal Democracy - John Huber and G. Bingham Powell Jr.Ballots not Bullets - Pippa NorrisTesting Consociational Theories of Ethnic Conflict, Electoral Systems and DemocratizationElectoral Institutions, Cleavage Structures and the Number of Parties - Octavio Neto and Gary CoxDoes Proportional Representation Foster Voter Turnout - André Blais and R. Kenneth Carty Electoral Systems, District Magnitude and Corruption - Eric Chang and Miriam GoldenExecutive Authority, the Personal Vote and Budget Discipline in Latin American and Caribbean Countries - Mark Hallerberg and Patrik MarierElectoral Rules and Constitutional Structures as Constraints on Corruption - Jana Kunicová and Susan Rose-AckermanVote-Seeking Incentives and Legislative Representation in Six Presidential Democracies - Brian Crisp et alVOLUME SIX: PARTICULAR ELECTORAL SYSTEMSElectoral Strategy under Open-List Proportional Representation - Barry AmesMaking Candidates Count - André Blais and Indridi IndridasonThe Logic of Electoral Alliances in Two-Round Legislative ElectionsA Quadruple Whammy for First-Past-the-Post - Adrian BlauSingle-Member District Electoral Systems and Democratic Transition - Sarah BirchDesigning Electoral Institutions - David Farrell, Malcolm Mackerras and Ian McAllisterVarieties of STV SystemsGoing It Alone? Strategic Entry under Mixed Electoral Rules - Federico Ferrara and Erik HerronContamination Effects and the Number of Parties in Mixed-Superposition Electoral Systems - Erik Herron and Misa NishikawaDoes the Alternative Vote Foster Moderation in Ethnically Divided Societies? The Case of Fiji - Jon Fraenkel and Bernard GrofmanThe Importance of Electoral Rules - Ignacio Lago and Ferran MartínezComparing the Number of Parties in Spain′s Lower and Upper HousesMixed Electoral Systems and Electoral System Effects - Robert Moser and Ethan ScheinerControlled Comparison and Cross-National Analysis′Mixed Electoral Rules′ Impact on Party Systems - Misa Nishikawa and Erik HerronElectoral Incentives in Mixed-Member Systems - R. Pekkanen, B. Nyblade and E.S. KrausParty, Posts and Zombie Politicians in JapanMixed-Member Electoral Systems - Matthew Shugart and Martin WattenbergThe Best of Both Worlds?