Roger J. Grabowski is a managing director with Duff & Phelps. He is coauthor of Cost of Capital – Applications and Examples, Fifth Edition, The Lawyer's Guide to Cost of Capital, and Cost of Capital in Litigation.James P. Harrington is a director at Duff & Phelps. He is a leading contributor to Duff & Phelps' efforts in the development of studies, surveys, online content and tools, firm-wide valuation models, data distribution platforms, and published thought leadership. He is a coauthor of the Duff & Phelps "Valuation Handbook" series, a contributing author to Cost of Capital – Applications and Examples, Fifth Edition, and a Duff & Phelps contributor to the Stocks, Bonds, Bills, and Inflation (SBBI) Yearbook. Carla S. Nunes is a managing director in the Office of Professional Practice at Duff & Phelps, where she provides firm-wide technical guidance on a variety of valuation, financial reporting, and tax issues, with a particular focus on cost of capital. She is a coauthor of the Duff & Phelps "Valuation Handbook" series and a contributing author to Cost of Capital – Applications and Examples, Fifth Edition.

• Acknowledgements xiiiIntroduction 1Methodology 5Calculations of Industry Financial Statistics 24AppendicesIndustry Data Exhibits

Roger J. Grabowski is a managing director with Duff & Phelps. He is coauthor of Cost of Capital – Applications and Examples, Fifth Edition, The Lawyer's Guide to Cost of Capital, and Cost of Capital in Litigation.James P. Harrington is a director at Duff & Phelps. He is a leading contributor to Duff & Phelps' efforts in the development of studies, surveys, online content and tools, firm-wide valuation models, data distribution platforms, and published thought leadership. He is a coauthor of the Duff & Phelps "Valuation Handbook" series, a contributing author to Cost of Capital – Applications and Examples, Fifth Edition, and a Duff & Phelps contributor to the Stocks, Bonds, Bills, and Inflation (SBBI) Yearbook. Carla S. Nunes is a managing director in the Office of Professional Practice at Duff & Phelps, where she provides firm-wide technical guidance on a variety of valuation, financial reporting, and tax issues, with a particular focus on cost of capital. She is a coauthor of the Duff & Phelps "Valuation Handbook" series and a contributing author to Cost of Capital – Applications and Examples, Fifth Edition.

• Acknowledgements xiiiIntroduction 1Methodology 5Calculations of Industry Financial Statistics 24AppendicesIndustry Data Exhibits