Andrew J. Niehaus, DVM, is a Clinical Professor of Farm Animal Medicine and Surgery at The Ohio State University's College of Veterinary Medicine in Columbus, OH, USA.

• List of Contributors ixPreface xiiAbout the Companion Website xiv1    General Biology and Evolution 1Kanyon McLean and Andrew J. Niehaus2    South American Camelid Behavior and the CAMELIDynamics Approach to Handling 19Marty McGee Bennett3     Feeding and Nutrition 55Robert J. Van Saun4     Physical Exam and Diagnostics 108Andrew J. Niehaus5     Radiology 137Wm Tod Drost and Rebecca Urion6     Anesthesia and Pain Management 160Turi K. Aarnes7      Parasitology 174Grace VanHoy, Antoinette E. Marsh, and Michelle K. Carman8      Multisystem Disorders 224C. Austin Hinds9      Integumentary System 232Pamela G. Walker and Andrew J. Niehaus10     Musculoskeletal System 303Joseph W. Lozier and Shannon K. Reed11     Respiratory System 323Jeffrey Lakritz and Christian Gerspach12     Digestive System and Abdomen 336Andrew J. Niehaus and Daniel Perez Mora13     Endocrine System 391C. Austin Hinds14     Hematology, Clinical Biochemistry, and Fluid Analysis 396Maxey L. Wellman and M. Judith Radin15     Cardiovascular System 417Jaylyn Rhinehart16     Reproduction and the Reproductive System 423Erin E. Runcan and Marco A. Coutinho da Silva17     Urinary System 481Christian Gerspach18     Ophthalmology 494 Anne J. Gemensky Metzler19     Nervous System 502C. Austin Hinds20     Neonatology 511Pamela G. Walker21     Congenital/Hereditary Conditions 560Jeffrey Lakritz22     Toxicology 590 Jeffrey Lakritz23     Old World Camelids 621Evelyn MacKay, Grace VanHoy, and Jeffrey LakritzIndex 644

Andrew J. Niehaus, DVM, is a Clinical Professor of Farm Animal Medicine and Surgery at The Ohio State University's College of Veterinary Medicine in Columbus, OH, USA.

• List of Contributors ixPreface xiiAbout the Companion Website xiv1    General Biology and Evolution 1Kanyon McLean and Andrew J. Niehaus2    South American Camelid Behavior and the CAMELIDynamics Approach to Handling 19Marty McGee Bennett3     Feeding and Nutrition 55Robert J. Van Saun4     Physical Exam and Diagnostics 108Andrew J. Niehaus5     Radiology 137Wm Tod Drost and Rebecca Urion6     Anesthesia and Pain Management 160Turi K. Aarnes7      Parasitology 174Grace VanHoy, Antoinette E. Marsh, and Michelle K. Carman8      Multisystem Disorders 224C. Austin Hinds9      Integumentary System 232Pamela G. Walker and Andrew J. Niehaus10     Musculoskeletal System 303Joseph W. Lozier and Shannon K. Reed11     Respiratory System 323Jeffrey Lakritz and Christian Gerspach12     Digestive System and Abdomen 336Andrew J. Niehaus and Daniel Perez Mora13     Endocrine System 391C. Austin Hinds14     Hematology, Clinical Biochemistry, and Fluid Analysis 396Maxey L. Wellman and M. Judith Radin15     Cardiovascular System 417Jaylyn Rhinehart16     Reproduction and the Reproductive System 423Erin E. Runcan and Marco A. Coutinho da Silva17     Urinary System 481Christian Gerspach18     Ophthalmology 494 Anne J. Gemensky Metzler19     Nervous System 502C. Austin Hinds20     Neonatology 511Pamela G. Walker21     Congenital/Hereditary Conditions 560Jeffrey Lakritz22     Toxicology 590 Jeffrey Lakritz23     Old World Camelids 621Evelyn MacKay, Grace VanHoy, and Jeffrey LakritzIndex 644

Andrew J. Niehaus, DVM, is a Clinical Professor of Farm Animal Medicine and Surgery at The Ohio State University's College of Veterinary Medicine in Columbus, OH, USA.

• List of Contributors ixPreface xiiAbout the Companion Website xiv1    General Biology and Evolution 1Kanyon McLean and Andrew J. Niehaus2    South American Camelid Behavior and the CAMELIDynamics Approach to Handling 19Marty McGee Bennett3     Feeding and Nutrition 55Robert J. Van Saun4     Physical Exam and Diagnostics 108Andrew J. Niehaus5     Radiology 137Wm Tod Drost and Rebecca Urion6     Anesthesia and Pain Management 160Turi K. Aarnes7      Parasitology 174Grace VanHoy, Antoinette E. Marsh, and Michelle K. Carman8      Multisystem Disorders 224C. Austin Hinds9      Integumentary System 232Pamela G. Walker and Andrew J. Niehaus10     Musculoskeletal System 303Joseph W. Lozier and Shannon K. Reed11     Respiratory System 323Jeffrey Lakritz and Christian Gerspach12     Digestive System and Abdomen 336Andrew J. Niehaus and Daniel Perez Mora13     Endocrine System 391C. Austin Hinds14     Hematology, Clinical Biochemistry, and Fluid Analysis 396Maxey L. Wellman and M. Judith Radin15     Cardiovascular System 417Jaylyn Rhinehart16     Reproduction and the Reproductive System 423Erin E. Runcan and Marco A. Coutinho da Silva17     Urinary System 481Christian Gerspach18     Ophthalmology 494 Anne J. Gemensky Metzler19     Nervous System 502C. Austin Hinds20     Neonatology 511Pamela G. Walker21     Congenital/Hereditary Conditions 560Jeffrey Lakritz22     Toxicology 590 Jeffrey Lakritz23     Old World Camelids 621Evelyn MacKay, Grace VanHoy, and Jeffrey LakritzIndex 644