DAVID CAPUZZI, PhD, is Counselor Educator and a Senior Core Faculty in Community Mental Health Counseling at Walden University and Professor Emeritus at Portland State University. He is past President of the American Counseling Association and has written several books, including Foundations of Addictions Counseling.MARK D. STAUFFER, PhD, is a core faculty member in the clinical mental health counseling program at Walden University. He received his PhD from Oregon State University, Department of Teacher and Counselor Education and specializes in couples, marriage, and family counseling.

• Preface xiAcknowledgments xiiiMeet the Editors xvMeet the Contributors xviiPart 1 Essential Knowledge and Skills 1Chapter 1 Variations in Family Systems and Family Life Cycles 3David Capuzzi, Mark D. Stauffer, and Nicholaus Erber-LaPierreFunctional and Dysfunctional Families 4Variations in Family Systems 6The Family Life Cycle 12Summary 18Useful Websites 18References 18Chapter 2 Using Community Genograms to Position Culture and Context in Family Therapy 23Sandra A. Rigazio-DiGilio and Hyeseong KangMaking the Invisible Visible: The Evolution of Genograms 24Community Genograms: Capturing the Complexity of Culture and Context 28Basic Components of Standard Community Genograms 31Using Community Genograms to Extend Client Perspectives 36Using Community Genograms as Consultants and Advocates 39Summary 43Useful Websites 44References 44Chapter 3 Diversity and Intercultural Work in Family Counseling 47Brian S. CanfieldGoals 48Background 49Major Constructs 50Techniques 54Limitations 57Summary 58Websites and Links 58References 59Chapter 4 Assessment of Families and Family Systems 61Jessica A. Russo, Jason H. King, and Russell C. GaedeResearch Methods in Couples and Family Therapy 61The Role of Assessment in Couples and Family Therapy 63Ethical and Professional Issues in Assessment 65Assessment and Diagnosis 65Assessments and Inventories for Couples and Family Counseling 65LGBTQ+ Population 68Stepfamily Marriages 68Assessing Specific Problems and Stressors 69Assessing the Quality of the Relationship 70Family Assessment Instruments 70Summary 80Useful Websites 80References 81Chapter 5 Legal, Ethical, and Professional Issues 83Anthony S. Zazzarino, Deena Shelton, and Melinda HaleyEthical Issues 84Legal Issues 88HIPAA 89Licensure 89Professional Issues 92Accreditation 97Summary 98Useful Websites 98References 99Part 2 Theories: History, Concepts, and Techniques 103Chapter 6 Psychodynamic Theories: Approaches and Applications 105Stephanie K. Scott, PhD, LMHCBackground 106Major Constructs 109Goals 113Techniques 115Limitations 121Summary 123Useful Websites 123References 123Chapter 7 Experiential and Humanistic Theories: Approaches and Applications 125Michael J. Walsh, Mark B. Scholl, and Michelle PerepiczkaCarl Whitaker 126Walter Kempler 132Virginia Satir 136Limitations 143Summary 144Useful Websites 144References 144Chapter 8 Bowenian Family Systems Theory: Approaches and Applications 149DoHee Kim-Appel and Jonathan K. AppelBackground 149Bowen’s Family Systems Theory 150Major Constructs 151Counseling Techniques 163Limitations and Future Research 166Summary 167Useful Websites 168References 168Chapter 9 Structural Theory: Approaches and Applications 173Shawn P. Parmanand and Esther N. BenoitTheoretical Overview 173Major Constructs 175Goals 184Techniques 185Limitations 188Summary 189Useful Websites 189References 190Chapter 10 Strategic and Milan Systemic Theories: Approaches and Applications 191Mark D. Stauffer, Heather J. Ambrose, and John M. RobbinsBackground 191Major Constructs 192Washington School of Strategic Therapy 194Mental Research Institute (MRI) School 199Milan Systemic School 201Strategic Therapy Limitations 205Summary 205Useful Websites 205References 206Chapter 11 Behavioral and Cognitive Behavioral Theories: Approaches and Applications 209Marvarene Oliver, Kimberlee A. Mincey, and Yvonne O. CastilloBackground 210Techniques 221Limitations 223Summary 224Useful Websites 224References 224Part 3 Couple Work 227Chapter 12 Key Issues and Interventions in Couples Counseling 229Montserrat Casado-Kehoe and Diane KimballCouples Counseling Models and Interventions 230Summary 246Useful Websites 246References 247Chapter 13 Sexuality and Gender in Couples Counseling 251Janet G. Froeschle Hicks, Brandé N. Flamez, Logan Winkelman, and Nicole NobleDefinitions of Gender and Sex 252Couple Differentiation 264Counselor Sexuality Training 266Summary 268Useful Websites 268References 268Chapter 14 Counseling Couples Using Life Cycle and Narrative Therapy Lenses 273Colleen R. Logan, Aaron H. Jackson, Dawn M. Wirick, and Lee A. Teufel-PridaCase Study 273Termination 285Referral 286Summary 286Useful Websites 287References 287Part 4 Special Issues 289Chapter 15 Filial Play Therapy and Other Strategies for Working With Parents 291John Sommers-Flanagan, Kirsten W. Murray, and Christina G. YoshimuraParenting Problems and Theoretical Models 292Core Principles for Working with Parents 294Filial Therapy: An Approach for Working Directly with Parents 298Summary 308Useful Websites 309References 309Chapter 16 Family Work in Addictions Counseling 311Pamela S. Lassiter, Astra B. Czerny, and Cherria M. MooreWhat is Addiction? 311Prevalence of Addiction in Families 311Impact of Addiction 312Substance Abuse Versus Nonsubstance Addictions 312Biopsychosocial Epistemology of Addiction 313Using Family Therapy as a Treatment Modality 316Family Dynamics and Addiction 316Recruitment of Addicted Families 319Assessment Strategies 319Assessment and Initial Interviews 320Joining with Addicted Families 321Segmenting 321Stages of Change 321Motivational Interviewing 322Family Interventions Protocols 323Family Education Programs 323Goals for Therapy with Families with Addiction 323Training and Supervision 328Summary 329Useful Websites 330References 331Chapter 17 Violence, Abuse, and Trauma in Family Therapy 335Danica G. Hays and S. Todd BolinIntroduction to Violence, Abuse, and Trauma 335Diversity Considerations 339Counseling Families Experiencing Violence, Abuse, and Trauma 341Postscript: Counselor Self-Care 347Summary 348Useful Websites 349References 349Chapter 18 Divorce and Other Loss Issues in Family Therapy 357Thelma DuffeyThe Grief Experience 357Family Communication During the Grief Process 358Culture, Communication, and the Expression of Grief 359Theories of Grief 360Kübler-Ross Grief Cycle Model 360Bowlby’s Attachment Theory 361A Family’s Adaption to Loss 362Common Experiences of Loss in a Family System 363Divorce 363Divorcing Couples 364Children of Divorcing Families 364Adult Children of Divorce 365A Child Dies 365Grief and Loss in Older Adulthood 367Ambiguous Loss 368Childhood Trauma as Ambiguous Loss 368Getting the Family Involved 369Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy 369Miscarriage as Ambiguous Loss 369Disenfranchised and Stigmatized Losses 370Issues of Loss With Gay and Lesbian Couples 370Creativity in Grief and Loss Counseling 371Creative Interventions With Couples and Families Experiencing Loss 372Summary 373Useful Websites 374References 374Chapter 19 Climate Crises: Helping Families Mitigate, Adapt, and Transition During Disruption 377Debbie C. Sturm, Ph.D., Anne L. Metz, Ph.D., Judy A. Daniels, EdD, and Mark D. Stauffer, Ph.D.Lack of Nature Contact 378Mental Health Impact of the Climate Crisis 379Climate Crisis Specific Mental Health Considerations 380Ecowellness: An Approach to Working With Affected Families 381Family Counseling With Vulnerable Populations 383Counseling Families With children 384Listening and Talking With Children About Climate Concerns 384Helping Families Prepare for a Climate Related-Disaster 386Supporting Families Who Experience Climate Disasters 387People Deciding Whether to Have Children 387Nature Connection as a Family Intervention 388Summary 390References 390Author Index 395Subject Index 413

DAVID CAPUZZI, PhD, is Counselor Educator and a Senior Core Faculty in Community Mental Health Counseling at Walden University and Professor Emeritus at Portland State University. He is past President of the American Counseling Association and has written several books, including Foundations of Addictions Counseling.MARK D. STAUFFER, PhD, is a core faculty member in the clinical mental health counseling program at Walden University. He received his PhD from Oregon State University, Department of Teacher and Counselor Education and specializes in couples, marriage, and family counseling.

• Preface xiAcknowledgments xiiiMeet the Editors xvMeet the Contributors xviiPart 1 Essential Knowledge and Skills 1Chapter 1 Variations in Family Systems and Family Life Cycles 3David Capuzzi, Mark D. Stauffer, and Nicholaus Erber-LaPierreFunctional and Dysfunctional Families 4Variations in Family Systems 6The Family Life Cycle 12Summary 18Useful Websites 18References 18Chapter 2 Using Community Genograms to Position Culture and Context in Family Therapy 23Sandra A. Rigazio-DiGilio and Hyeseong KangMaking the Invisible Visible: The Evolution of Genograms 24Community Genograms: Capturing the Complexity of Culture and Context 28Basic Components of Standard Community Genograms 31Using Community Genograms to Extend Client Perspectives 36Using Community Genograms as Consultants and Advocates 39Summary 43Useful Websites 44References 44Chapter 3 Diversity and Intercultural Work in Family Counseling 47Brian S. CanfieldGoals 48Background 49Major Constructs 50Techniques 54Limitations 57Summary 58Websites and Links 58References 59Chapter 4 Assessment of Families and Family Systems 61Jessica A. Russo, Jason H. King, and Russell C. GaedeResearch Methods in Couples and Family Therapy 61The Role of Assessment in Couples and Family Therapy 63Ethical and Professional Issues in Assessment 65Assessment and Diagnosis 65Assessments and Inventories for Couples and Family Counseling 65LGBTQ+ Population 68Stepfamily Marriages 68Assessing Specific Problems and Stressors 69Assessing the Quality of the Relationship 70Family Assessment Instruments 70Summary 80Useful Websites 80References 81Chapter 5 Legal, Ethical, and Professional Issues 83Anthony S. Zazzarino, Deena Shelton, and Melinda HaleyEthical Issues 84Legal Issues 88HIPAA 89Licensure 89Professional Issues 92Accreditation 97Summary 98Useful Websites 98References 99Part 2 Theories: History, Concepts, and Techniques 103Chapter 6 Psychodynamic Theories: Approaches and Applications 105Stephanie K. Scott, PhD, LMHCBackground 106Major Constructs 109Goals 113Techniques 115Limitations 121Summary 123Useful Websites 123References 123Chapter 7 Experiential and Humanistic Theories: Approaches and Applications 125Michael J. Walsh, Mark B. Scholl, and Michelle PerepiczkaCarl Whitaker 126Walter Kempler 132Virginia Satir 136Limitations 143Summary 144Useful Websites 144References 144Chapter 8 Bowenian Family Systems Theory: Approaches and Applications 149DoHee Kim-Appel and Jonathan K. AppelBackground 149Bowen’s Family Systems Theory 150Major Constructs 151Counseling Techniques 163Limitations and Future Research 166Summary 167Useful Websites 168References 168Chapter 9 Structural Theory: Approaches and Applications 173Shawn P. Parmanand and Esther N. BenoitTheoretical Overview 173Major Constructs 175Goals 184Techniques 185Limitations 188Summary 189Useful Websites 189References 190Chapter 10 Strategic and Milan Systemic Theories: Approaches and Applications 191Mark D. Stauffer, Heather J. Ambrose, and John M. RobbinsBackground 191Major Constructs 192Washington School of Strategic Therapy 194Mental Research Institute (MRI) School 199Milan Systemic School 201Strategic Therapy Limitations 205Summary 205Useful Websites 205References 206Chapter 11 Behavioral and Cognitive Behavioral Theories: Approaches and Applications 209Marvarene Oliver, Kimberlee A. Mincey, and Yvonne O. CastilloBackground 210Techniques 221Limitations 223Summary 224Useful Websites 224References 224Part 3 Couple Work 227Chapter 12 Key Issues and Interventions in Couples Counseling 229Montserrat Casado-Kehoe and Diane KimballCouples Counseling Models and Interventions 230Summary 246Useful Websites 246References 247Chapter 13 Sexuality and Gender in Couples Counseling 251Janet G. Froeschle Hicks, Brandé N. Flamez, Logan Winkelman, and Nicole NobleDefinitions of Gender and Sex 252Couple Differentiation 264Counselor Sexuality Training 266Summary 268Useful Websites 268References 268Chapter 14 Counseling Couples Using Life Cycle and Narrative Therapy Lenses 273Colleen R. Logan, Aaron H. Jackson, Dawn M. Wirick, and Lee A. Teufel-PridaCase Study 273Termination 285Referral 286Summary 286Useful Websites 287References 287Part 4 Special Issues 289Chapter 15 Filial Play Therapy and Other Strategies for Working With Parents 291John Sommers-Flanagan, Kirsten W. Murray, and Christina G. YoshimuraParenting Problems and Theoretical Models 292Core Principles for Working with Parents 294Filial Therapy: An Approach for Working Directly with Parents 298Summary 308Useful Websites 309References 309Chapter 16 Family Work in Addictions Counseling 311Pamela S. Lassiter, Astra B. Czerny, and Cherria M. MooreWhat is Addiction? 311Prevalence of Addiction in Families 311Impact of Addiction 312Substance Abuse Versus Nonsubstance Addictions 312Biopsychosocial Epistemology of Addiction 313Using Family Therapy as a Treatment Modality 316Family Dynamics and Addiction 316Recruitment of Addicted Families 319Assessment Strategies 319Assessment and Initial Interviews 320Joining with Addicted Families 321Segmenting 321Stages of Change 321Motivational Interviewing 322Family Interventions Protocols 323Family Education Programs 323Goals for Therapy with Families with Addiction 323Training and Supervision 328Summary 329Useful Websites 330References 331Chapter 17 Violence, Abuse, and Trauma in Family Therapy 335Danica G. Hays and S. Todd BolinIntroduction to Violence, Abuse, and Trauma 335Diversity Considerations 339Counseling Families Experiencing Violence, Abuse, and Trauma 341Postscript: Counselor Self-Care 347Summary 348Useful Websites 349References 349Chapter 18 Divorce and Other Loss Issues in Family Therapy 357Thelma DuffeyThe Grief Experience 357Family Communication During the Grief Process 358Culture, Communication, and the Expression of Grief 359Theories of Grief 360Kübler-Ross Grief Cycle Model 360Bowlby’s Attachment Theory 361A Family’s Adaption to Loss 362Common Experiences of Loss in a Family System 363Divorce 363Divorcing Couples 364Children of Divorcing Families 364Adult Children of Divorce 365A Child Dies 365Grief and Loss in Older Adulthood 367Ambiguous Loss 368Childhood Trauma as Ambiguous Loss 368Getting the Family Involved 369Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy 369Miscarriage as Ambiguous Loss 369Disenfranchised and Stigmatized Losses 370Issues of Loss With Gay and Lesbian Couples 370Creativity in Grief and Loss Counseling 371Creative Interventions With Couples and Families Experiencing Loss 372Summary 373Useful Websites 374References 374Chapter 19 Climate Crises: Helping Families Mitigate, Adapt, and Transition During Disruption 377Debbie C. Sturm, Ph.D., Anne L. Metz, Ph.D., Judy A. Daniels, EdD, and Mark D. Stauffer, Ph.D.Lack of Nature Contact 378Mental Health Impact of the Climate Crisis 379Climate Crisis Specific Mental Health Considerations 380Ecowellness: An Approach to Working With Affected Families 381Family Counseling With Vulnerable Populations 383Counseling Families With children 384Listening and Talking With Children About Climate Concerns 384Helping Families Prepare for a Climate Related-Disaster 386Supporting Families Who Experience Climate Disasters 387People Deciding Whether to Have Children 387Nature Connection as a Family Intervention 388Summary 390References 390Author Index 395Subject Index 413

DAVID CAPUZZI, PhD, is Counselor Educator and a Senior Core Faculty in Community Mental Health Counseling at Walden University and Professor Emeritus at Portland State University. He is past President of the American Counseling Association and has written several books, including Foundations of Addictions Counseling.MARK D. STAUFFER, PhD, is a core faculty member in the clinical mental health counseling program at Walden University. He received his PhD from Oregon State University, Department of Teacher and Counselor Education and specializes in couples, marriage, and family counseling.

• Preface xiAcknowledgments xiiiMeet the Editors xvMeet the Contributors xviiPart 1 Essential Knowledge and Skills 1Chapter 1 Variations in Family Systems and Family Life Cycles 3David Capuzzi, Mark D. Stauffer, and Nicholaus Erber-LaPierreFunctional and Dysfunctional Families 4Variations in Family Systems 6The Family Life Cycle 12Summary 18Useful Websites 18References 18Chapter 2 Using Community Genograms to Position Culture and Context in Family Therapy 23Sandra A. Rigazio-DiGilio and Hyeseong KangMaking the Invisible Visible: The Evolution of Genograms 24Community Genograms: Capturing the Complexity of Culture and Context 28Basic Components of Standard Community Genograms 31Using Community Genograms to Extend Client Perspectives 36Using Community Genograms as Consultants and Advocates 39Summary 43Useful Websites 44References 44Chapter 3 Diversity and Intercultural Work in Family Counseling 47Brian S. CanfieldGoals 48Background 49Major Constructs 50Techniques 54Limitations 57Summary 58Websites and Links 58References 59Chapter 4 Assessment of Families and Family Systems 61Jessica A. Russo, Jason H. King, and Russell C. GaedeResearch Methods in Couples and Family Therapy 61The Role of Assessment in Couples and Family Therapy 63Ethical and Professional Issues in Assessment 65Assessment and Diagnosis 65Assessments and Inventories for Couples and Family Counseling 65LGBTQ+ Population 68Stepfamily Marriages 68Assessing Specific Problems and Stressors 69Assessing the Quality of the Relationship 70Family Assessment Instruments 70Summary 80Useful Websites 80References 81Chapter 5 Legal, Ethical, and Professional Issues 83Anthony S. Zazzarino, Deena Shelton, and Melinda HaleyEthical Issues 84Legal Issues 88HIPAA 89Licensure 89Professional Issues 92Accreditation 97Summary 98Useful Websites 98References 99Part 2 Theories: History, Concepts, and Techniques 103Chapter 6 Psychodynamic Theories: Approaches and Applications 105Stephanie K. Scott, PhD, LMHCBackground 106Major Constructs 109Goals 113Techniques 115Limitations 121Summary 123Useful Websites 123References 123Chapter 7 Experiential and Humanistic Theories: Approaches and Applications 125Michael J. Walsh, Mark B. Scholl, and Michelle PerepiczkaCarl Whitaker 126Walter Kempler 132Virginia Satir 136Limitations 143Summary 144Useful Websites 144References 144Chapter 8 Bowenian Family Systems Theory: Approaches and Applications 149DoHee Kim-Appel and Jonathan K. AppelBackground 149Bowen’s Family Systems Theory 150Major Constructs 151Counseling Techniques 163Limitations and Future Research 166Summary 167Useful Websites 168References 168Chapter 9 Structural Theory: Approaches and Applications 173Shawn P. Parmanand and Esther N. BenoitTheoretical Overview 173Major Constructs 175Goals 184Techniques 185Limitations 188Summary 189Useful Websites 189References 190Chapter 10 Strategic and Milan Systemic Theories: Approaches and Applications 191Mark D. Stauffer, Heather J. Ambrose, and John M. RobbinsBackground 191Major Constructs 192Washington School of Strategic Therapy 194Mental Research Institute (MRI) School 199Milan Systemic School 201Strategic Therapy Limitations 205Summary 205Useful Websites 205References 206Chapter 11 Behavioral and Cognitive Behavioral Theories: Approaches and Applications 209Marvarene Oliver, Kimberlee A. Mincey, and Yvonne O. CastilloBackground 210Techniques 221Limitations 223Summary 224Useful Websites 224References 224Part 3 Couple Work 227Chapter 12 Key Issues and Interventions in Couples Counseling 229Montserrat Casado-Kehoe and Diane KimballCouples Counseling Models and Interventions 230Summary 246Useful Websites 246References 247Chapter 13 Sexuality and Gender in Couples Counseling 251Janet G. Froeschle Hicks, Brandé N. Flamez, Logan Winkelman, and Nicole NobleDefinitions of Gender and Sex 252Couple Differentiation 264Counselor Sexuality Training 266Summary 268Useful Websites 268References 268Chapter 14 Counseling Couples Using Life Cycle and Narrative Therapy Lenses 273Colleen R. Logan, Aaron H. Jackson, Dawn M. Wirick, and Lee A. Teufel-PridaCase Study 273Termination 285Referral 286Summary 286Useful Websites 287References 287Part 4 Special Issues 289Chapter 15 Filial Play Therapy and Other Strategies for Working With Parents 291John Sommers-Flanagan, Kirsten W. Murray, and Christina G. YoshimuraParenting Problems and Theoretical Models 292Core Principles for Working with Parents 294Filial Therapy: An Approach for Working Directly with Parents 298Summary 308Useful Websites 309References 309Chapter 16 Family Work in Addictions Counseling 311Pamela S. Lassiter, Astra B. Czerny, and Cherria M. MooreWhat is Addiction? 311Prevalence of Addiction in Families 311Impact of Addiction 312Substance Abuse Versus Nonsubstance Addictions 312Biopsychosocial Epistemology of Addiction 313Using Family Therapy as a Treatment Modality 316Family Dynamics and Addiction 316Recruitment of Addicted Families 319Assessment Strategies 319Assessment and Initial Interviews 320Joining with Addicted Families 321Segmenting 321Stages of Change 321Motivational Interviewing 322Family Interventions Protocols 323Family Education Programs 323Goals for Therapy with Families with Addiction 323Training and Supervision 328Summary 329Useful Websites 330References 331Chapter 17 Violence, Abuse, and Trauma in Family Therapy 335Danica G. Hays and S. Todd BolinIntroduction to Violence, Abuse, and Trauma 335Diversity Considerations 339Counseling Families Experiencing Violence, Abuse, and Trauma 341Postscript: Counselor Self-Care 347Summary 348Useful Websites 349References 349Chapter 18 Divorce and Other Loss Issues in Family Therapy 357Thelma DuffeyThe Grief Experience 357Family Communication During the Grief Process 358Culture, Communication, and the Expression of Grief 359Theories of Grief 360Kübler-Ross Grief Cycle Model 360Bowlby’s Attachment Theory 361A Family’s Adaption to Loss 362Common Experiences of Loss in a Family System 363Divorce 363Divorcing Couples 364Children of Divorcing Families 364Adult Children of Divorce 365A Child Dies 365Grief and Loss in Older Adulthood 367Ambiguous Loss 368Childhood Trauma as Ambiguous Loss 368Getting the Family Involved 369Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy 369Miscarriage as Ambiguous Loss 369Disenfranchised and Stigmatized Losses 370Issues of Loss With Gay and Lesbian Couples 370Creativity in Grief and Loss Counseling 371Creative Interventions With Couples and Families Experiencing Loss 372Summary 373Useful Websites 374References 374Chapter 19 Climate Crises: Helping Families Mitigate, Adapt, and Transition During Disruption 377Debbie C. Sturm, Ph.D., Anne L. Metz, Ph.D., Judy A. Daniels, EdD, and Mark D. Stauffer, Ph.D.Lack of Nature Contact 378Mental Health Impact of the Climate Crisis 379Climate Crisis Specific Mental Health Considerations 380Ecowellness: An Approach to Working With Affected Families 381Family Counseling With Vulnerable Populations 383Counseling Families With children 384Listening and Talking With Children About Climate Concerns 384Helping Families Prepare for a Climate Related-Disaster 386Supporting Families Who Experience Climate Disasters 387People Deciding Whether to Have Children 387Nature Connection as a Family Intervention 388Summary 390References 390Author Index 395Subject Index 413