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Beskrivning
Among all the cell fragments obtaine,d experimentally which can make a great contribution to our knowledge of cell structure, an important place is occupied by contractile cell models.
I. The Concept of Cell Model. The General Characteristics of Models, Principles of Their Preparation, and Their Sphere of Applicability.- II. Properties of Various Motile Models.- 1. Contraction evoked by ATP.- 2. Lengthening induced by ATP.- 3. Movements composed of a single combination of ATP-induced contraction and relaxation.- 4. Contraction induced by calcium ions and lengthening induced by ATP.- 5. Lengthening induced by calcium ions and inhibited by ATP.- 6. ATP and cytoplasmic streams in plant cells.- 7. Rhythmic movement of flagella and cilia.- III. The Use of Motile Models to Study Problems of a Nonmechanochemical Nature.- IV. Methods of Obtaining Motile Models.- Preliminary remarks.- Actomyosin threads.- Models of the muscle fiber.- Isolated myofibrils.- The muscle fiber without its sarcolemma.- Muscle fiber with disrupted coupling in the sarcotubular system.- Preparation of isolated protofibrils.- Preparation of isolated sarcolemma suspension.- Preparation of relaxing granules from skeletal muscles.- Cell (interphase) models becoming rounded in the presence of ATP.- Anaphase models of fibroblasts.- Models of cleavage in the sea urchin egg.- Telephase models of fibroblasts.- Models of mitochondria.- Models of chloroplasts.- Models of locust and frog spermatozoa.- Models of mammalian spermatozoa.- Models of spermatozoa of certain marine invertebrates.- Models of ciliated epithelium.- Models of the Vorticella stalk.- Model cilia from infusorians.- Models of flagella of unicellular algae.- Models of flagella from protozoans.- Models of amebas.- Protoplasmic streaming models in the marine alga Acetabularia calyculus.- Models of the myxomycete Plasmodium.- The use of models for practical work with students.- ATP and muscle contraction.- ATP and ciliary movement.-Notes Added in Proof.- Surveys.- Experimental papers.
