Duplex sonography of the brain-supplying arteries

Prof. Dr. Dr. Bernhard Widder is former Director of the Clinic for Neurology and Neurological Rehabilitation at the Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg.Prof. Dr. Gerhard F. Hamann is the former director of the Clinic for Neurology and Neurological Rehabilitation at the Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg.

• I Basics: 1 Anatomical basics.- 2 Physiological basics.- 3 Basics of ultrasound technique.- 4 Basics of sonographic flow detection.- 5 Flow assessment using Doppler spectrum.- 6 Flow assessment using color coding.- II Examination technique.- 7 Extracranial Doppler sonography.- 8 Extracranial duplex sonography.- 9 Transcranial Doppler sonography.- 10 Transcranial duplex sonography.- 11 Assessment of intracranial collateral pathways.- 12 Cerebrovascular reserve capacity.III Doppler/and duplex findings in stenoses and occlusions.- 13 Stenoses and occlusions of the extracranial carotid artery.- 14 Stenoses and occlusions of the basilar cerebral arteries.- 15 Stenoses and occlusions in the vertebrobasilar vasculature.- IV Constellations of findings in special problems.- 16 Arteriosclerotic vascular disease.- 17 Inflammatory vascular disease.- 18 Dissections.- 19 Other vascular diseases.- 20 Vascular anomalies and malformations.- 21 Acute stroke.- 22 Vasospasm.- 23 Cerebral pressure/braindeath.- 24 Revascularizing interventions.- 25 Cardiac right-to-left shunt.- 26 Orbits and eyes.- 27 Glossary of sonographic terms.- 28 Normal values.