The volume begins with a rationale for multilevel modeling (MLM). Different aspects of MLM such as centering and modeling error terms are discussed, and examining hypotheses within the multilevel framework is considered in detail. Step by step instructions for conducting multilevel analyses using the program HLM are presented, and these instructions are linked to data sets and program files on a website.

The SAGE Library in Social and Personality Psychology Methods provides students and researchers with an understanding of the methods and techniques essential to conducting cutting-edge research.

Each volume within the Library explains a specific topic and has been written by an active scholar (or scholars) with expertise in that particular methodological domain. Assuming no prior knowledge of the topic, the volumes are clear and accessible for all readers. In each volume, a topic is introduced, applications are discussed, and readers are led step by step through worked examples. In addition, advice about how to interpret and prepare results for publication are presented.

Increasingly used by behavioural and social scientists, implicit measures afford investigating core psychological constructs in ways that bypass people's willingness and ability to report their feelings and beliefs. Focused on two primary assessment tools, evaluative priming and the Implicit Association Test, the Implicit Measures volume is designed for serious practitioners and beginning researchers alike. It provides an overview of each measure, describing its theoretical underpinnings and construct validity. Each chapter then lays out "best practices" for successfully designing each method and analyzing results, revealing how to avoid common pitfalls. The Implicit Measures volume will enable students of implicit measures to decide when and how to use them in their own research, and educate consumers of research about the accomplishments and challenges of using these state-of-the art assessment techniques.

The SAGE Library in Social and Personality Psychology Methods provides students and researchers with an understanding of the methods and techniques essential to conducting cutting-edge research.

Each volume within the Library explains a specific topic and has been written by an active scholar (or scholars) with expertise in that particular methodological domain. Assuming no prior knowledge of the topic, the volumes are clear and accessible for all readers. In each volume, a topic is introduced, applications are discussed, and readers are led step by step through worked examples. In addition, advice about how to interpret and prepare results for publication are presented.

Structural Equation Modeling offers a nontechnical presentation of SEM with an emphasis on applications in social and personality psychology. The presentation begins with a discussion of the relation between SEM and statistical strategies widely used in social and personality psychology such as analysis of variance, multiple regression analysis, and factor analysis. This introduction is followed by a nontechnical presentation of the terminology, notation, and steps followed in a typical application of SEM. The reminder of the volume offers a practically-oriented presentation of specific applications using examples typical of social and personality psychology and offering advice for dealing with relevant issues such as missing data, choice of software, and best practices for interpreting and reporting results.

The SAGE Library in Social and Personality Psychology Methods provides students and researchers with an understanding of the methods and techniques essential to conducting cutting-edge research.

Each volume within the Library explains a specific topic and has been written by an active scholar (or scholars) with expertise in that particular methodological domain. Assuming no prior knowledge of the topic, the volumes are clear and accessible for all readers. In each volume, a topic is introduced, applications are discussed, and readers are led step by step through worked examples. In addition, advice about how to interpret and prepare results for publication are presented.

Providing conceptual and practical foundations in scale construction and psychometrics for producers and consumers of social/personality research, this guide covers basic principles, practices, and processes in scale construction, scale evaluation, scale use, and interpretation of research results in the context of psychological measurement. It explains fundamental concepts and methods related to dimensionality, reliability, and validity. In addition, it provides relatively non-technical introductions to special topics and advanced psychometric perspectives such as Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Generalizability Theory, and Item Response Theory.

The SAGE Library in Social and Personality Psychology Methods provides students and researchers with an understanding of the methods and techniques essential to conducting cutting-edge research.

Each volume within the Library explains a specific topic and has been written by an active scholar (or scholars) with expertise in that particular methodological domain. Assuming no prior knowledge of the topic, the volumes are clear and accessible for all readers. In each volume, a topic is introduced, applications are discussed, and readers are led step by step through worked examples. In addition, advice about how to interpret and prepare results for publication are presented.

The SAGE Library in Social and Personality Psychology Methods provides students and researchers with an understanding of the methods and techniques essential to conducting cutting-edge research.

Each volume within the Library explains a specific topic and has been written by an active scholar (or scholars) with expertise in that particular methodological domain. Assuming no prior knowledge of the topic, the volumes are clear and accessible for all readers. In each volume, a topic is introduced, applications are discussed, and readers are led step by step through worked examples. In addition, advice about how to interpret and prepare results for publication are presented.

Social Psychophysiology for Social and Personality Psychology provides methodological and technical information to help social psychologists make valid and valuable use of peripheral neurophysiological and endocrine measures of psychological constructs.

The volume begins with a rationale for multilevel modeling (MLM). Different aspects of MLM such as centering and modeling error terms are discussed, and examining hypotheses within the multilevel framework is considered in detail. Step by step instructions for conducting multilevel analyses using the program HLM are presented, and these instructions are linked to data sets and program files on a website.

The SAGE Library in Social and Personality Psychology Methods provides students and researchers with an understanding of the methods and techniques essential to conducting cutting-edge research.

Each volume within the Library explains a specific topic and has been written by an active scholar (or scholars) with expertise in that particular methodological domain. Assuming no prior knowledge of the topic, the volumes are clear and accessible for all readers. In each volume, a topic is introduced, applications are discussed, and readers are led step by step through worked examples. In addition, advice about how to interpret and prepare results for publication are presented.

Increasingly used by behavioural and social scientists, implicit measures afford investigating core psychological constructs in ways that bypass people's willingness and ability to report their feelings and beliefs. Focused on two primary assessment tools, evaluative priming and the Implicit Association Test, the Implicit Measures volume is designed for serious practitioners and beginning researchers alike. It provides an overview of each measure, describing its theoretical underpinnings and construct validity. Each chapter then lays out "best practices" for successfully designing each method and analyzing results, revealing how to avoid common pitfalls. The Implicit Measures volume will enable students of implicit measures to decide when and how to use them in their own research, and educate consumers of research about the accomplishments and challenges of using these state-of-the art assessment techniques.

The SAGE Library in Social and Personality Psychology Methods provides students and researchers with an understanding of the methods and techniques essential to conducting cutting-edge research.

Each volume within the Library explains a specific topic and has been written by an active scholar (or scholars) with expertise in that particular methodological domain. Assuming no prior knowledge of the topic, the volumes are clear and accessible for all readers. In each volume, a topic is introduced, applications are discussed, and readers are led step by step through worked examples. In addition, advice about how to interpret and prepare results for publication are presented.

Structural Equation Modeling offers a nontechnical presentation of SEM with an emphasis on applications in social and personality psychology. The presentation begins with a discussion of the relation between SEM and statistical strategies widely used in social and personality psychology such as analysis of variance, multiple regression analysis, and factor analysis. This introduction is followed by a nontechnical presentation of the terminology, notation, and steps followed in a typical application of SEM. The reminder of the volume offers a practically-oriented presentation of specific applications using examples typical of social and personality psychology and offering advice for dealing with relevant issues such as missing data, choice of software, and best practices for interpreting and reporting results.

The SAGE Library in Social and Personality Psychology Methods provides students and researchers with an understanding of the methods and techniques essential to conducting cutting-edge research.

Each volume within the Library explains a specific topic and has been written by an active scholar (or scholars) with expertise in that particular methodological domain. Assuming no prior knowledge of the topic, the volumes are clear and accessible for all readers. In each volume, a topic is introduced, applications are discussed, and readers are led step by step through worked examples. In addition, advice about how to interpret and prepare results for publication are presented.

Providing conceptual and practical foundations in scale construction and psychometrics for producers and consumers of social/personality research, this guide covers basic principles, practices, and processes in scale construction, scale evaluation, scale use, and interpretation of research results in the context of psychological measurement. It explains fundamental concepts and methods related to dimensionality, reliability, and validity. In addition, it provides relatively non-technical introductions to special topics and advanced psychometric perspectives such as Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Generalizability Theory, and Item Response Theory.

The SAGE Library in Social and Personality Psychology Methods provides students and researchers with an understanding of the methods and techniques essential to conducting cutting-edge research.

Each volume within the Library explains a specific topic and has been written by an active scholar (or scholars) with expertise in that particular methodological domain. Assuming no prior knowledge of the topic, the volumes are clear and accessible for all readers. In each volume, a topic is introduced, applications are discussed, and readers are led step by step through worked examples. In addition, advice about how to interpret and prepare results for publication are presented.

The SAGE Library in Social and Personality Psychology Methods provides students and researchers with an understanding of the methods and techniques essential to conducting cutting-edge research.

Each volume within the Library explains a specific topic and has been written by an active scholar (or scholars) with expertise in that particular methodological domain. Assuming no prior knowledge of the topic, the volumes are clear and accessible for all readers. In each volume, a topic is introduced, applications are discussed, and readers are led step by step through worked examples. In addition, advice about how to interpret and prepare results for publication are presented.

Social Psychophysiology for Social and Personality Psychology provides methodological and technical information to help social psychologists make valid and valuable use of peripheral neurophysiological and endocrine measures of psychological constructs.