Health and Health Care in Canada

Neena L. Chappell, PhD, FRSC, Canada Research Chair in Social Gerontology, Professor of Sociology and Centre on Aging, University of Victoria. She was founding Director of the Centre on Aging at the University of Manitoba (1982-1992) and first Director of the Centre on Aging at the University of Victoria (1992-2002), developing both into world-class research facilities while ensuring accessibility to the community. For over 25 years, she has been a leader ingerontological research, focusing on three areas: quality of life for seniors, caregiving, and the health care system and related policy. Her research can be characterized as partnerships with otherresearchers in the social sciences and with non-researchers in government and community agencies. Margaret Penning is an Associate Professor at the University of Victoria. Her research focuses on the social determinants of health and health care with a particular focus on factors that influence chronic illness, disability and long-term community-based care. I am also interested in the impact of health care reforms and restructuring processes on older adults and other vulnerable populations.

• 1. Health and Health Care:Sociological History and Perspectives Learning Objectives A Sociological Perspective A Brief History of Sociological Thinking about Health and Health Care Theoretical Approaches to Health and Health Care i. Social Structural Perspectives ii. Social Psychological Perspectives iii. Contemporary Theorizing Social Inequalities in Health and Health Care Conclusion Questions For Critical Thought Suggestions For Further Reading 2. Health and Illness Learning Objectives Definitions of Health and Illness Sociology and Social Construction of Health and Illness Social Factors in Health and Illness Global Disparities Matters of Place - Regional Disparities Social Class and Socioeconomic Disparities Race, Ethnic and Immigrant Inequalities Gender Inequalities Age Inequalities Multiple Jeopardy and Intersectionality Experiencing Health and Illness - Opportunities for Agency Health and Illness over the Life Course Conclusion Questions For Critical Thought Suggestions For Further Reading 3. Self and Informal Care Learning Objectives Introduction Self Care When Healthy The Individual and Self Care Structural Determinants of Self Care Social Interaction i. Structured Interaction The Lived Experience of Self Care When Ill Structural Influences on Self Care When Ill Caregiving The Experience of Caregiving Macro Societal Forces i. Ethnic Minority Culture Conclusions Questions For Critical Thought Suggestions For Further Reading 4. Formal Care Learning Objectives Introduction Health Professions i. The Medical Profession and Provision of Medical Care ii. Nursing Care iii. Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Health Care Settings i. Hospitals ii. Long Term Residential Care iii. Home Care iv: Other Forms of Community-Based Care Experiencing Formal Care i. Medical and Hospital Care ii. Complementary and Alternative Medicine iii. Long-Term Care: Institutional and Home Conclusions Questions For Critical Thought Suggestions For Further Reading 5. Health Care Policy Learning Objectives H ealth Care as Social Policy S ome Background on Canada's Health Care System Health Care Reform A Lack of Progress Globalization and Capitalism Other Vested Interests - The Pharmaceutical Industry Consequences for Individuals Allowing for Agency i. Social Captial ii. Healthy Communities Conclusions Questions For Critical Thought Suggestions For Further Reading Conclusions: The Sociology of Health and Care in the Future Learning Objectives To Summarize Revisiting Health and Illness Changing Self Care Relying on Others Health Care Services in the Future Health Care Policy - Is There an Alternative? Sociological Advances Questions For Critical Thought Suggestions For Further Reading References Index