50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know

Michael Hochman, MD, MPH, is the inaugural CEO of SCAN's Homeless Medical Group initiative. He previously served as the inaugural director of the USC Gehr Family Center for Health Systems Science and the Medical Director for Innovation at AltaMed Health Services. Dr. Hochman attended Harvard Medical School and was a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Fellow at UCLA. He has written on health topics for the Boston Globe and other publications, and is the founding editor of the 50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know book series published by Oxford University Press.Steven Hochman, MD, MPH, is a staff physician at the JWCH Institute, Inc., where he provides primary care services. He graduated from Pomona College and the Keck School of Medicine of USC. He completed clinical training in Internal Medicine and Pediatrics at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine.

Most useful for students of medicine, this book provides clear examples of evaluating individual clinical studies to support patient-care decisions

• SECTION 1 Preventive Medicine1. Preventing Diabetes: The Diabetes Prevention Program2. A Comparison of Different Dieting Strategies3. Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease4. Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy: The Women's Health Initiative5. The European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC)6. The Cochrane Review of Screening Mammography7. Low-Dose CT Screening for Lung Cancer: The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) SECTION 2 Internal Medicine8. Arrhythmia Suppression following Myocardial Infarction: The CAST Trial9. Choosing First-Line Therapy for Hypertension: The ALLHAT Trial10. Intensive vs. Standard Hypertension Management: The SPRINT Trial11. Statins in Healthy Patients: The HOPE-3 Trial12. Beta Blockers for Systolic Heart Failure: The MERIT-HF Trial13. Initial Treatment of Stable Coronary Artery Disease: The ISCHEMIA Trial14. Treating Elevated Blood Sugar Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS)15. Intensive versus Conservative Blood Sugar Control for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The ACCORD Trial16. The African American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT)17. Early versus Delayed Antiretroviral Therapy for Patients with HIV: The INSIGHT START Trial18. Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis to Prevent HIV Transmission: The iPeEx Trial19. Early versus Late Initiation of Dialysis: The IDEAL Trial20. Red Cell Transfusion in Critically Ill Patients: The TRICC Trial21. Pulmonary Artery Catheters in Critically Ill Patients22. Opioids for Chronic Noncancer Pain: The SPACE Trial SECTION 3 Surgery23. Perioperative Beta Blockers in Noncardiac Surgery: The POISE Trial24. Cardiac Stents versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Severe Coronary Artery Disease: The SYNTAX Trial25. Carotid Endarterectomy for Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis: The ACST Trial26. A Trial of Arthroscopic Knee Surgery27. Surgery versus Rehabilitation for Chronic Low Back Pain: The MRC Spine Stabilization Trial28. Mastectomy versus Lumpectomy for Invasive Breast Cancer: The B-06 Trial29. Long-Term Impact of Bariatric Surgery: The Swedish Obese Subjects Study SECTION 4 Obstetrics30. Labor Induction vs. Expectant Management at 39 Weeks Gestation: The ARRIVE Trial31. Antepartum Glucocorticoids in Premature Labor32. Cell-free DNA Analysis for Prenatal Diagnosis33. Effectiveness of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception SECTION 5 Pediatrics34. Treatment of Acute Otitis Media in Children35. A Trial of Early Ear Tube Placement in Children with Persistent Otitis Media36. Inhaled Corticosteroids for Mild Persistent Asthma: The START Trial37. The Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA)38. Vaccines and Autism: A Meta-Analysis39. Preventing Peanut Allergies with Early Peanut Consumption in Infants: The Leap Trial SECTION 6 Radiology40. Early Imaging for Back Pain in Older Adults: The BOLD Study41. Screening for Coronary Artery Disease in Asymptomatic Patients with Diabetes: The DIAD Study42. Pediatric Computed Tomography, Radiation Exposure and Estimated Cancer Risk43. Identifying Children with Low-Risk Head Injuries Who Do Not Require Computed Tomography SECTION 7 Neurology and Psychiatry44. Thrombolysis 3 to 4.5 Hours after an Acute Ischemic Stroke: The ECASS III Trial45. Intra-Arterial Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The MR CLEAN Trial46. Initial Treatment of Depression: The STAR*D Trial47. Behavioral versus Pharmacological Treatment for Insomnia in the Elderly SECTION 8 Systems-Based Practice48. Reducing Catheter-Related Blood Stream Infections in the Intensive Care Unit: The Keystone ICU Project49. Early Palliative Care in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer50. Directly Observed Therapy for the Treatment of Tuberculosis in Baltimore