AKIFUMI KUCHIKI is Professor at Nihon University, Japan. He was Executive Vice President of Japan External Organization and his previous publications include The Flowchart Model of Cluster Policy, International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management (2008), Industrial Clusters in Asia (Palgrave Macmillan with Tsuji, 2005) and The Flowchart Approach to Industrial Cluster Policy (Palgrave Macmillan with Tsuji, 2008). MASATSUGA TSUJI is Professor of Economics, Graduate School of Applied Informatics, University of Hyogo, Japan and Professor emeritus, Osaka University. Received a Ph.D. from Stanford University. Publications include The Internet Revolution: A Global Perspective (Cambridge University Press, 2003), and The Flowchart Approach to Industrial Cluster Policy (Palgrave Macmillan, 2008).

• Introduction PART I: LEARNING LINKAGE AS DRIVERS FOR CREATING CLUSTER AND INNOVATION The Automobile Industry Cluster in Malaysia Industrial Cluster Development and Innovation in Singapore Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Upgrading and Innovation of Japanese SMEs and Industrial Clustering Innovation through Long-distance Conversations? Experience from Offshoring-based Software Clusters in Bangalore, India PART II: MARKET POOLING AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHNAGE AS DRIVERS FOR CREATING CLUSTER AND INNOVATION A Comparative Analysis of Organizational Innovation in Japanese SMEs Generated by Information Communication Technology The Role of the Specialized Markets in Upgrading Industrial Clusters in China Industrial Clusters and Workplace Training to Expand Innovation Capability: Evidence from Manufacturing in the Greater Bangkok, Thailand Innovation as a Driver for Building an Oil& Gas Industrial Cluster in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Conclusion

AKIFUMI KUCHIKI is Professor at Nihon University, Japan. He was Executive Vice President of Japan External Organization and his previous publications include The Flowchart Model of Cluster Policy, International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management (2008), Industrial Clusters in Asia (Palgrave Macmillan with Tsuji, 2005) and The Flowchart Approach to Industrial Cluster Policy (Palgrave Macmillan with Tsuji, 2008). MASATSUGA TSUJI is Professor of Economics, Graduate School of Applied Informatics, University of Hyogo, Japan and Professor emeritus, Osaka University. Received a Ph.D. from Stanford University. Publications include The Internet Revolution: A Global Perspective (Cambridge University Press, 2003), and The Flowchart Approach to Industrial Cluster Policy (Palgrave Macmillan, 2008).

• Introduction PART I: LEARNING LINKAGE AS DRIVERS FOR CREATING CLUSTER AND INNOVATION The Automobile Industry Cluster in Malaysia Industrial Cluster Development and Innovation in Singapore Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Upgrading and Innovation of Japanese SMEs and Industrial Clustering Innovation through Long-distance Conversations? Experience from Offshoring-based Software Clusters in Bangalore, India PART II: MARKET POOLING AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHNAGE AS DRIVERS FOR CREATING CLUSTER AND INNOVATION A Comparative Analysis of Organizational Innovation in Japanese SMEs Generated by Information Communication Technology The Role of the Specialized Markets in Upgrading Industrial Clusters in China Industrial Clusters and Workplace Training to Expand Innovation Capability: Evidence from Manufacturing in the Greater Bangkok, Thailand Innovation as a Driver for Building an Oil& Gas Industrial Cluster in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Conclusion

AKIFUMI KUCHIKI is Professor at Nihon University, Japan. He was Executive Vice President of Japan External Organization and his previous publications include The Flowchart Model of Cluster Policy, International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management (2008), Industrial Clusters in Asia (Palgrave Macmillan with Tsuji, 2005) and The Flowchart Approach to Industrial Cluster Policy (Palgrave Macmillan with Tsuji, 2008). MASATSUGA TSUJI is Professor of Economics, Graduate School of Applied Informatics, University of Hyogo, Japan and Professor emeritus, Osaka University. Received a Ph.D. from Stanford University. Publications include The Internet Revolution: A Global Perspective (Cambridge University Press, 2003), and The Flowchart Approach to Industrial Cluster Policy (Palgrave Macmillan, 2008).

• Introduction PART I: LEARNING LINKAGE AS DRIVERS FOR CREATING CLUSTER AND INNOVATION The Automobile Industry Cluster in Malaysia Industrial Cluster Development and Innovation in Singapore Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Upgrading and Innovation of Japanese SMEs and Industrial Clustering Innovation through Long-distance Conversations? Experience from Offshoring-based Software Clusters in Bangalore, India PART II: MARKET POOLING AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHNAGE AS DRIVERS FOR CREATING CLUSTER AND INNOVATION A Comparative Analysis of Organizational Innovation in Japanese SMEs Generated by Information Communication Technology The Role of the Specialized Markets in Upgrading Industrial Clusters in China Industrial Clusters and Workplace Training to Expand Innovation Capability: Evidence from Manufacturing in the Greater Bangkok, Thailand Innovation as a Driver for Building an Oil& Gas Industrial Cluster in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Conclusion