Tungsten

Properties, Chemistry, Technology of the Element, Alloys, and Chemical Compounds

AvErik Lassner,Wolf-Dieter Schubert

Inbunden, Engelska, 1999

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Häftad

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Beskrivning

This work provides a compendium on tungsten technology and science, using Wolf-Dieter Schubert's scientific career and Erik Lassner's long-term industrial and development knowledge as a basis. Consolidating knowledge previously presented at seminars or in the technical press, the book contributes to the broader acceptance of innovations in the field. The text is enhanced by over 300 illustrations.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum:1999-01-31
Mått:178 x 254 x 29 mm
Vikt:1 030 g
Format:Inbunden
Språk:Engelska
Antal sidor:422
Upplaga:1999
Förlag:Springer Science+Business Media
ISBN:9780306450532

Utforska kategorier

Oorganisk kemi inom Naturvetenskap och teknik

Innehållsförteckning

1. The Element Tungsten: Its Properties.- 1.1. Analogous to Atom Related Physical Properties.- 1.2. Bulk Tungsten Metal Related Physical Properties.- 1.3. Chemical Properties of Tungsten Metal.- References for Chapter 1.- 2. Tungsten History: From Genesis to the 20th Century Products.- 2.1. The Formation of Tungsten Atoms.- 2.2 How Tungsten Atoms Came on Earth.- 2.3. Average Abundance.- 2.4. Geology: Formation of Ore Deposits.- 2.5. Minerals.- 2.6. Ore Deposits and Reserves.- 2.7. Early Discoveries of Ores, Compounds, and of the Element.- 2.8. Technically Important Discoveries.- 2.9. Industrial Evolution.- References for Chapter 2.- 3. Important Aspects of Tungsten Chemistry.- 3.1. Oxidation of Tungsten Metal by Air or Oxygen.- 3.2. Reaction of Tungsten with Water.- 3.3. Reduction of Tungsten Oxides by Hydrogen.- 3.4. Reduction of Tungsten Oxides by Carbon or Carbon-Containing Compounds.- 3.5. Reduction of Tungsten Halides.- 3.6. Reaction of Tungsten with Carbon or Carbon-Containing Compounds (Carburization).- 3.7. Chemistry of Aqueous Tungsten Solutions.- 3.8. Electrochemistry of Tungsten.- References for Chapter 3.- 4. Tungsten Compounds and Their Application.- 4.1. Tungsten and Metals: Intermetallic Compounds and Phases.- 4.2. Tungsten and Nonmetals.- 4.3. Mixed Ligand and Coordination Compounds of Tungsten.- 4.4. Organometallic Tungsten Compounds.- References for Chapter 4.- 5. Industrial Production.- 5.1. Mining and Ore Beneficiation.- 5.2. Hydrometallurgy.- 5.3. The Highly Pure Intermediates.- 5.4. Tungsten Metal Powder Production.- 5.5. Powder Metallurgy.- 5.6. Alternative Processes.- 5.7. Special Tungsten Forms and Qualities.- References for Chapter 5.- 6. Tungsten Alloys.- 6.1. Substitutional Alloys (Solid-Solution Alloys).- 6.2. Dispersion-Strengthened and Precipitation-Hardening Alloys.- 6.3. Tungsten Composites.- References for Chapter 6.- 7. Tungsten and Tungsten Alloy Products.- 7.1. Lighting Application.- 7.2. Electrical Engineering.- 7.3. Electronics.- 7.4. High-Temperature Technique.- 7.5. Welding, Cutting, Plasma Spraying, Spark Erosion, and Vapor Deposition.- 7.6. X-Rays, Radiation, Medical Engineering.- 7.7. Mechanical and Engine Engineering.- 7.8. Leisure Time and Sports Equipment.- 7.9. Chemical Industry and Metallurgy.- 7.10. Space Aviation.- 7.11. Military Applications.- 7.12. Aviation.- 7.13. Laser Technique.- References for Chapter 7.- 8. Tungsten in Melting Metallurgy.- 8.1. Tungsten in Steel.- 8.2. Superalloys.- 8.3. Stellite Alloys.- References for Chapter 8.- 9. Tungsten in Hardmetals.- 9.1. Introduction.- 9.2. Raw Materials.- 9.3. Hardmetal Production.- 9.4. Hardmetal Qualities and Applications.- References for Chapter 9.- 10. Tungsten in Catalysis.- 10.1. Metallic Tungsten.- 10.2. Oxides.- 10.3. Halides.- 10.4. Carbon Compounds.- 10.5. Organotungsten Compounds: Catalysts in ROMP and ADMET.- 10.6. Tungstates.- 10.7. Chalkogenides.- References for Chapter 10.- 11. Tungsten Scrap Recycling.- 11.1. Introduction and General Considerations.- 11.2. Tungsten Recycling Methods.- References for Chapter 11.- 12. Ecology.- 12.1. Introduction.- 12.2. Mining and Ore Dressing.- 12.3. Chemical Conversion.- 12.4. Powder Metallurgy.- 12.5. Environmental Considerations about the Substitution of High Speed Steel by Hardmetals.- References for Chapter 12.- 13. Economy.- 13.1. Introduction.- 13.2. World Mine Production.- 13.3. Price of Tungsten.- 13.4. Supply and Demand.- 13.5. Consumption and Use.- 13.6. The “International Tungsten Industry Association” (ITIA).- References for Chapter 13.- 14. Tungsten and LivingOrganisms.- 14.1. Introduction.- 14.2. Tungsten in Bacteria (Tungsten Enzymes).- 14.3. Tungsten and Animals.- 14.4. Tungsten and Humans.- References for Chapter 14.