Dipl.lng. Peter Havlik, born 1950 in Czechoslovakia. Study of economics and economic statistics in Prague and Vienna. On the staff of The Vienna Institute for Comparative Economic Studies (WIIW) as a researcher since 1983, since 1990 deputy director of the WIIW. Special fields: Soviet economy; East-West comparisons of social product; economic statistics of the CMEA countries; problems of East-West trade and East-West economic relations.

• Foreword -- Introduction -- General Issues -- Transition from Command to Market Economies -- From Command to Exchange Economies -- Selected Aspects of Transition -- The Role of Money and Monetary Policy in Hungary -- The Inefficiency of Monetary Policy in a Socialist Country - Yugoslavia’s Experiences -- Exchange Rate Policies and Convertibility in the CMEA Countries -- East-West Economic Relations under the Aspect of Changes in the CMEA -- Eastern and East-West Energy Prospects -- Unemployment and Social Security Measures in Eastern Europe -- Country-Specific Transition Policies -- Bulgaria: Delayed Transition Exacerbates Economic Crisis -- Czechoslovakia: Changes in Economic Practice Lag Behind Rhetoric -- Economic Prospects for East Germany after the DM-Shock -- Hungary: Slow but Determined Reform Policies -- Transition by Shock in Poland -- Poland: From Plan to Market through Crash? -- USSR: Economic Decline and Reform Disputes Continue -- Yugoslavia: Drop in Living Standards

Dipl.lng. Peter Havlik, born 1950 in Czechoslovakia. Study of economics and economic statistics in Prague and Vienna. On the staff of The Vienna Institute for Comparative Economic Studies (WIIW) as a researcher since 1983, since 1990 deputy director of the WIIW. Special fields: Soviet economy; East-West comparisons of social product; economic statistics of the CMEA countries; problems of East-West trade and East-West economic relations.

• Foreword -- Introduction -- General Issues -- Transition from Command to Market Economies -- From Command to Exchange Economies -- Selected Aspects of Transition -- The Role of Money and Monetary Policy in Hungary -- The Inefficiency of Monetary Policy in a Socialist Country - Yugoslavia’s Experiences -- Exchange Rate Policies and Convertibility in the CMEA Countries -- East-West Economic Relations under the Aspect of Changes in the CMEA -- Eastern and East-West Energy Prospects -- Unemployment and Social Security Measures in Eastern Europe -- Country-Specific Transition Policies -- Bulgaria: Delayed Transition Exacerbates Economic Crisis -- Czechoslovakia: Changes in Economic Practice Lag Behind Rhetoric -- Economic Prospects for East Germany after the DM-Shock -- Hungary: Slow but Determined Reform Policies -- Transition by Shock in Poland -- Poland: From Plan to Market through Crash? -- USSR: Economic Decline and Reform Disputes Continue -- Yugoslavia: Drop in Living Standards

Dipl.lng. Peter Havlik, born 1950 in Czechoslovakia. Study of economics and economic statistics in Prague and Vienna. On the staff of The Vienna Institute for Comparative Economic Studies (WIIW) as a researcher since 1983, since 1990 deputy director of the WIIW. Special fields: Soviet economy; East-West comparisons of social product; economic statistics of the CMEA countries; problems of East-West trade and East-West economic relations.

• Foreword -- Introduction -- General Issues -- Transition from Command to Market Economies -- From Command to Exchange Economies -- Selected Aspects of Transition -- The Role of Money and Monetary Policy in Hungary -- The Inefficiency of Monetary Policy in a Socialist Country - Yugoslavia’s Experiences -- Exchange Rate Policies and Convertibility in the CMEA Countries -- East-West Economic Relations under the Aspect of Changes in the CMEA -- Eastern and East-West Energy Prospects -- Unemployment and Social Security Measures in Eastern Europe -- Country-Specific Transition Policies -- Bulgaria: Delayed Transition Exacerbates Economic Crisis -- Czechoslovakia: Changes in Economic Practice Lag Behind Rhetoric -- Economic Prospects for East Germany after the DM-Shock -- Hungary: Slow but Determined Reform Policies -- Transition by Shock in Poland -- Poland: From Plan to Market through Crash? -- USSR: Economic Decline and Reform Disputes Continue -- Yugoslavia: Drop in Living Standards