Medieval Religion

Constance Hoffman Berman is Professor of History at the University of Iowa where she has taught since 1988. She has published widely on medieval religious women, reform religion in the twelfth century and the Cistercian Order. Her books include The Cistercian Evolution.

'This volume of selected recent researched provides a useful tool to students of religious history in medieval Europe'. - Kari Élisabeth BØRRESEN

• Introduction 1. Religious Speculation and Social Thought 2. Reform and Growth in the Clerical Hierarchy3. Women and the Practice of Asceticism and Contemplation 4. Increasing Violence and Exclusion