Phonetics and Phonology of Gutturals

Amanda Miller-Ockhuizen is an Assistant Professor within the Linguistics Department at Cornell University, and the Director of the Cornell Phonetics Lab. She has published articles on the phonetics and phonology click consonants, as well as the phonetics and phonology of guttural consonants and vowels in Khoesan languages.

• List of Appendices List of Figures List of Tables Acknowledgments Preface Part I: Phonetics and Phonology of Ju|'hoansi 1 Introduction 2 The phonetics of Ju|'hoansi Guttural Consonants and Vowels 2.0. Introduction 2.1. Root Shape Inventory 2.2. Tone Inventory 2.3. Consonant Inventory 2.3.1. The Obstruent Inventory 2.3.2. Some Phonetic Properties of Ju|'hoansi Click Consonants 2.3.2.1. Click Modulation 2.3.2.2. Click type differences 2.3.3. Phonetic Properties of Guttural vs. Non-Guttural Clicks 2.3.3.1. Closure Properties of Non-guttural clicks 2.3.3.2. Release Properties of Guttural clicks 2.3.4. Phonetic Properties of Sonorant Consonants 2.4. The Vowel Inventory 2.5. Parallels Between Guttural Consonants and Vowels 2.6. Conclusion 3 Ju|'hoansi Phonotactics 3.0. Introduction 3.1. Recorded Database 3.2. Word Minimality and Maximality 3.2.1. Word Minimality 3.2.2. Word Maximality 3.2.3. Constraints on Word Size 3.2.4. Conclusion 3.3. Guttural Feature Specification 3.4. Positional specification 3.1.1. Positional Specification of Manner Features 3.4.1.1. Frequency of Initial Clicks Based on Perceptual Salience 3.4.2. Positional specification of Gutturals 3.4.3. Conclusion 3.5. Co-occurrence restrictions 3.5.1. Laryngeal co-occurrence restriction 3.5.2. Tone & Guttural Co-occurrence restrictions 3.5.2.1. Description of Root Tonal Patterns 3.5.2.2. Tone & Guttural V Co-occurrence Restrictions 3.5.2.3. Tone & Guttural C Co-occurrence Restrictions 3.5.3. [pharyngeal] and other place Co-occurrence Restrictions 3.5.4. [pharyngeal] and Vowel Height Co-occurrence Restrictions 3.6. Functional Unity of Constraints 3.7. Conclusion Part II: A Quantitative Acoustic Case Study: Auditory Grounding of the Guttural OCP 4 Methods for Acoustic Case Study 4.0. Introduction 4.1. Materials for Acoustic Study 4.2. Data Collection and Preparation 4.2.1. Labeling 4.2.2. Pitch Period Determination 4.3. Acoustic measures of periodicity 4.3.1. Spectral Slope (H1-H2) 4.3.2. Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio 4.3.1. Jitter 5 Acoustic Case Study 5.0. Introduction 5.1. Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio 5.1.1. Guttural Coarticulation: HNR 5.1.2. Guttural Vowels: HNR 5.1.3. Parallels Between Guttural Consonants and Vowels 5.1.4. Conclusion 5.2. Spectral Slope 5.2.1. Guttural Coarticulation 5.2.2. Guttural Vowels 5.2.3. Parallels Between Guttural Consonants and Vowels 5.2.4. Conclusion 5.3. Jitter (PPQ) 5.4. Conclusion 6 Conclusion Index References APPENDICES A Wordlist for Acoustic Study B Place Co-occurrence Tables