Review of the previous edition: "This is a superb overview of one of the essential ICU disciplines. The authors have fulfilled their goal of providing both a review of physiology and essential clinical applications." --© Doody’s Review Service, 2021, David J. Dries, MD (University of Minnesota Medical School) Score: 96-4 Stars!

• I. Pediatric Critical Care: The Discipline1. History of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine2. High-Reliability Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Role of Intensivist and Team in Obtaining Optimal Outcomes3. Critical Communications in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit4. Professionalism in Pediatric Critical Care5. Leading and Managing Change in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit6. The Evolution of Critical Care Nursing7. Fostering a Learning Health Care Environment in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit8. Challenges for Pediatric Critical Care in Resource-Poor Settings9. Public Health Emergencies and Emergency Mass Critical Care10. Lifelong Learning in Pediatric Critical CareII. Pediatric Critical Care: Tools and Procedures11. Essential Concepts in Clinical Trial Design and Statistical Analysis12. Prediction Tools for Short-Term Outcomes Following Critical Illness in Children13. Pediatric Transport14. Pediatric Vascular Access and Centeses15. Ultrasonography in the Pediatric Intensive Care UnitIII. Pediatric Critical Care: Psychosocial and Societal16. Patient- and Family-Centered Care in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit17. Pediatric Critical Care Ethics18. Ethical Issues Around Death and Dying19. Palliative Care in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit20. Organ Donation Process and Management of the Organ Donor21. Long-Term Outcomes following Critical Illness in Children22. Burnout and ResiliencyIV. Pediatric Critical Care: Cardiovascular23. Structure and Function of the Heart24. Regional and Peripheral Circulation25. Endothelium and Endotheliopathy26. Principles of Invasive Cardiovascular Monitoring27. Assessment of Cardiovascular Function28. Cardiac Failure and Ventricular Assist Devices29. Echocardiographic Imaging30. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiac Catheterization31. Pharmacology of the Cardiovascular System32. Cardiopulmonary Interactions33. Disorders of Cardiac Rhythm34. Shock States35. Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass36. Critical Care After Surgery For Congenital Heart Disease37. Pediatric Cardiac Transplantation38. Physiologic Foundations of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation39. Performance of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Infants and ChildrenV. Pediatric Critical Care: Pulmonary40. Structure and Development of the Upper Respiratory System41. Structure and Development of the Lower Respiratory System42. Physiology of the Respiratory System43. Noninvasive Respiratory Monitoring and Assessment of Gas Exchange44. Overview of Breathing Failure45. Ventilation/Perfusion Inequality46. Mechanical Dysfunction of the Respiratory System47. Diseases of the Upper Respiratory Tract48. Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury49. Acute Viral Bronchiolitis50. Asthma51. Neonatal Pulmonary Disease52. Pneumonitis and Interstitial Disease53. Diseases of the Pulmonary Circulation54. Mechanical Ventilation and Respiratory Care55. Noninvasive Ventilation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit56. Extracorporeal Life Support57. Pediatric Lung TransplantationVI. Pediatric Critical Care: Neurological58. Structure, Function, and Development of the Nervous System59. Critical Care Considerations for Common Neurosurgical Conditions60. Neurological Assessment and Monitoring61. Neuroimaging62. Coma and Depressed Sensorium63. Intracranial Hypertension and Monitoring64. Status Epilepticus65. Anoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy66. Pediatric Stroke and Intracerebral Hemorrhage67. Central Nervous System Infections and Related Conditions68. Acute Neuromuscular Disease and Disorders69. Acute Rehabilitation and Early Mobility in the Pediatric ICUVII. Pediatric Critical Care: Renal70. Renal Structure and Function71. Fluid and Electrolyte Issues in Pediatric Critical Illness72. Acid-Base Balance in Critical Illness73. Tests of Kidney Function in Children74. Glomerular Tubular Dysfunction and AKI75. Pediatric Renal Replacement Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit76. Pediatric Renal Transplantation77. Renal Pharmacology78. Hypertensive Urgencies and EmergenciesVIII. Pediatric Critical Care: Metabolic and Endocrine79. Cellular Respiration80. Biology of the Stress Response81. Inborn Errors of Metabolism82. Genetic Variation in Health and Disease83. Molecular Mechanisms of Cellular Injury84. Endocrine Emergencies85. Diabetic KetoacidosisIX. Pediatric Critical Care: Hematology and Oncology86. Structure and Function of the Hematopoietic Organs87. The Erythron88. Hemoglobinopathies89. Coagulation and Coagulopathy90. Thrombosis in Pediatric Critical Care91. Transfusion Medicine92. Hematology and Oncology Problems93. Critical Illness in Children Undergoing Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell TransplantationX. Pediatric Critical Care: Gastroenterology and Nutrition94. Gastrointestinal Structure and Function95. Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System96. Acute Liver Failure97. Hepatic Transplantation98. Acute Abdomen99. Nutrition of the Critically Ill ChildXI. Pediatric Critical Care: Immunity and Infection100. Innate Immunity101. Adaptive Immunity102. Critical Illness and the Microbiome103. Congenital Immunodeficiency104. Acquired Immune Dysfunction105. Immune Balance in Critical Illness106. Pediatric Rheumatic Disease107. Bacterial and Fungal Infections108. Life-Threatening Viral Diseases and Their Treatment109. Healthcare-Associated Infections110. Pediatric Sepsis111. Multiple Organ Dysfunction SyndromeXII. Pediatric Critical Care: Environmental Injury and Trauma112. Bites and Stings113. Hyperthermic Injury114. Hypothermic Injury115. Drowning116. Burn and Inhalation Injury117. Evaluation, Stabilization, and Initial Management after Trauma118. Traumatic Brain Injury119. Pediatric Thoracic Trauma120. Pediatric Abdominal Trauma121. Child Abuse XIII. Pediatric Critical Care: Pharmacology and Toxicology122. Principles of Drug Disposition123. Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Action124. Adverse Drug Reactions and Drug-Drug Interactions125. Principles of Toxin Assessment and Screening126. Toxidromes and Their TreatmentXIV. Pediatric Critical Care: Anesthesia Principles in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit127. Airway Management128. Anesthesia Effects on Organ Systems129. Anesthesia Principles and Operating Room Anesthesia Regimens130. Malignant Hyperthermia131. Neuromuscular Blocking Agents132. Sedation and Analgesia133. Tolerance, Dependency, and Withdrawal134. Delirium135. Procedural Sedation for the Pediatric IntensivistXV. Pediatric Critical Care: Board Review Questions136. Board Review Questions

Review of the previous edition: "This is a superb overview of one of the essential ICU disciplines. The authors have fulfilled their goal of providing both a review of physiology and essential clinical applications." --© Doody’s Review Service, 2021, David J. Dries, MD (University of Minnesota Medical School) Score: 96-4 Stars!

• I. Pediatric Critical Care: The Discipline1. History of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine2. High-Reliability Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Role of Intensivist and Team in Obtaining Optimal Outcomes3. Critical Communications in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit4. Professionalism in Pediatric Critical Care5. Leading and Managing Change in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit6. The Evolution of Critical Care Nursing7. Fostering a Learning Health Care Environment in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit8. Challenges for Pediatric Critical Care in Resource-Poor Settings9. Public Health Emergencies and Emergency Mass Critical Care10. Lifelong Learning in Pediatric Critical CareII. Pediatric Critical Care: Tools and Procedures11. Essential Concepts in Clinical Trial Design and Statistical Analysis12. Prediction Tools for Short-Term Outcomes Following Critical Illness in Children13. Pediatric Transport14. Pediatric Vascular Access and Centeses15. Ultrasonography in the Pediatric Intensive Care UnitIII. Pediatric Critical Care: Psychosocial and Societal16. Patient- and Family-Centered Care in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit17. Pediatric Critical Care Ethics18. Ethical Issues Around Death and Dying19. Palliative Care in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit20. Organ Donation Process and Management of the Organ Donor21. Long-Term Outcomes following Critical Illness in Children22. Burnout and ResiliencyIV. Pediatric Critical Care: Cardiovascular23. Structure and Function of the Heart24. Regional and Peripheral Circulation25. Endothelium and Endotheliopathy26. Principles of Invasive Cardiovascular Monitoring27. Assessment of Cardiovascular Function28. Cardiac Failure and Ventricular Assist Devices29. Echocardiographic Imaging30. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiac Catheterization31. Pharmacology of the Cardiovascular System32. Cardiopulmonary Interactions33. Disorders of Cardiac Rhythm34. Shock States35. Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass36. Critical Care After Surgery For Congenital Heart Disease37. Pediatric Cardiac Transplantation38. Physiologic Foundations of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation39. Performance of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Infants and ChildrenV. Pediatric Critical Care: Pulmonary40. Structure and Development of the Upper Respiratory System41. Structure and Development of the Lower Respiratory System42. Physiology of the Respiratory System43. Noninvasive Respiratory Monitoring and Assessment of Gas Exchange44. Overview of Breathing Failure45. Ventilation/Perfusion Inequality46. Mechanical Dysfunction of the Respiratory System47. Diseases of the Upper Respiratory Tract48. Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury49. Acute Viral Bronchiolitis50. Asthma51. Neonatal Pulmonary Disease52. Pneumonitis and Interstitial Disease53. Diseases of the Pulmonary Circulation54. Mechanical Ventilation and Respiratory Care55. Noninvasive Ventilation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit56. Extracorporeal Life Support57. Pediatric Lung TransplantationVI. Pediatric Critical Care: Neurological58. Structure, Function, and Development of the Nervous System59. Critical Care Considerations for Common Neurosurgical Conditions60. Neurological Assessment and Monitoring61. Neuroimaging62. Coma and Depressed Sensorium63. Intracranial Hypertension and Monitoring64. Status Epilepticus65. Anoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy66. Pediatric Stroke and Intracerebral Hemorrhage67. Central Nervous System Infections and Related Conditions68. Acute Neuromuscular Disease and Disorders69. Acute Rehabilitation and Early Mobility in the Pediatric ICUVII. Pediatric Critical Care: Renal70. Renal Structure and Function71. Fluid and Electrolyte Issues in Pediatric Critical Illness72. Acid-Base Balance in Critical Illness73. Tests of Kidney Function in Children74. Glomerular Tubular Dysfunction and AKI75. Pediatric Renal Replacement Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit76. Pediatric Renal Transplantation77. Renal Pharmacology78. Hypertensive Urgencies and EmergenciesVIII. Pediatric Critical Care: Metabolic and Endocrine79. Cellular Respiration80. Biology of the Stress Response81. Inborn Errors of Metabolism82. Genetic Variation in Health and Disease83. Molecular Mechanisms of Cellular Injury84. Endocrine Emergencies85. Diabetic KetoacidosisIX. Pediatric Critical Care: Hematology and Oncology86. Structure and Function of the Hematopoietic Organs87. The Erythron88. Hemoglobinopathies89. Coagulation and Coagulopathy90. Thrombosis in Pediatric Critical Care91. Transfusion Medicine92. Hematology and Oncology Problems93. Critical Illness in Children Undergoing Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell TransplantationX. Pediatric Critical Care: Gastroenterology and Nutrition94. Gastrointestinal Structure and Function95. Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System96. Acute Liver Failure97. Hepatic Transplantation98. Acute Abdomen99. Nutrition of the Critically Ill ChildXI. Pediatric Critical Care: Immunity and Infection100. Innate Immunity101. Adaptive Immunity102. Critical Illness and the Microbiome103. Congenital Immunodeficiency104. Acquired Immune Dysfunction105. Immune Balance in Critical Illness106. Pediatric Rheumatic Disease107. Bacterial and Fungal Infections108. Life-Threatening Viral Diseases and Their Treatment109. Healthcare-Associated Infections110. Pediatric Sepsis111. Multiple Organ Dysfunction SyndromeXII. Pediatric Critical Care: Environmental Injury and Trauma112. Bites and Stings113. Hyperthermic Injury114. Hypothermic Injury115. Drowning116. Burn and Inhalation Injury117. Evaluation, Stabilization, and Initial Management after Trauma118. Traumatic Brain Injury119. Pediatric Thoracic Trauma120. Pediatric Abdominal Trauma121. Child Abuse XIII. Pediatric Critical Care: Pharmacology and Toxicology122. Principles of Drug Disposition123. Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Action124. Adverse Drug Reactions and Drug-Drug Interactions125. Principles of Toxin Assessment and Screening126. Toxidromes and Their TreatmentXIV. Pediatric Critical Care: Anesthesia Principles in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit127. Airway Management128. Anesthesia Effects on Organ Systems129. Anesthesia Principles and Operating Room Anesthesia Regimens130. Malignant Hyperthermia131. Neuromuscular Blocking Agents132. Sedation and Analgesia133. Tolerance, Dependency, and Withdrawal134. Delirium135. Procedural Sedation for the Pediatric IntensivistXV. Pediatric Critical Care: Board Review Questions136. Board Review Questions