Interior Lighting for Designers

Gary Gordon, FIALD, FIES is founder and?Principal Lighting Designer?of Gary Gordon LLC.?He has designed lighting systems for more than 1,000 corporate, hospitality,?institutional, residential, and retail projects. He has taught graduate and undergraduate courses at the Lighting Institute at Parsons School of Design in New York, where he helped develop the Parsons MFA Lighting Design program.Mr. Gordon is a Fellow of both the Illuminating Engineering Society and the International Association of Lighting Designers.?As three-term president of the National Council on Qualifications for the Lighting Professions (NCQLP), he helped to establish the first national certificationprogram for lighting professionals.

• PREFACE xiACKNOWLEDGMENTS xiiiINTRODUCTION xvPART I DESIGN FACTORS 11 THE LIGHTING DESIGN PROCESS 32 PERCEPTION AND VISION 6Visible Light 6The Eye and Brain 6Brightness Perception 11Color Perception 123 LIGHT AND HEALTH 16Photobiology and Nonvisual Effects 16The Aging Eye 19Light Therapy 20Assisted‐Living and Eldercare Facilities 20Dynamic Electric Lighting 214 PSYCHOLOGY OF LIGHT 22Emotional Impact 22Degrees of Stimulation 22Degrees of Brightness Contrast 23The Three Elements of Light 27Subjective Impressions 30Certainty 33Variation 335 PATTERNS OF BRIGHTNESS 36Direction and Distribution of Light 36Surface Finishes and Refl ectances 43Three‐Dimensional Form 45Glare and Sparkle 496 COLOR OF LIGHT 56Color Temperature 58Color Rendering 59Subjective Impressions 60Surface Finishes and Color of Light 617 MEASUREMENT OF LIGHT 65Quantitative Illumination 65PART II LIGHT SOURCES 718 DAYLIGHT 73Daylight Design 74Shading Devices 80Glazing Materials 83Quantity of Interior Daylight 839 FILAMENT SOURCES 86Lamp Shapes 86Lamp Bases 86Filaments 87Light Output 89Tungsten‐Halogen Lamps 91Lamp Types 93Low‐Voltage Lamps 97U.S. Legislation 99Colored Light 10010 LOW-INTENSITY DISCHARGE SOURCES 104Fluorescent Lamps 104Lamp Characteristics 113Health and Safety Concerns 11511 HIGH-INTENSITY DISCHARGE SOURCES 117Mercury Vapor Lamps 117High‐Pressure Sodium Lamps 118Metal Halide Lamps 118Lamp Characteristics 120Low‐Pressure Sodium Lamps 12412 SOLID-STATE LIGHTING 125LEDs 125Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes 13313 AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT 134Ballasts 134Drivers 141Transformers 142PART III INTERIOR ILLUMINATION 14514 LIGHT CONTROL 147Control of Light Direction 147Glare Control 15815 LUMINAIRES 163Housings 163Light and Glare Control 167Decorative Luminaires 199Emergency and Exit Luminaires 20016 SUSTAINABLE DESIGN 204Integrating Light and Architecture 205Visual Clarity 205Architectural Surfaces 209Task Lighting 214Ambient Lighting 215Lighting Three‐Dimensional Objects 219Balance of Brightness 224Successful Solutions 23317 DESIGN VERIFICATION METHODS 234Recommended Illuminance Values 234Surface Refl ectance 236Illuminance Calculations 237Postoccupancy Evaluation 24718 ELECTRICITY AND LIGHTING CONTROLS 249Principles of Electricity 249Switch Control 254Dimming Control 258Digital Lighting Controls 265Energy‐Management Controls 26719 DOCUMENTATION 268Construction Documents 268EPILOGUE 291APPENDIX 293REFERENCES 319GLOSSARY 321INDEX 331