Interior Graphic Standards

CORKY BINGGELI, ASID, is principal of Corky Binggeli Interior Design in Arlington, Massachusetts. She received her Master of Interior Design degree from the Boston Architectural College. A past president of ASID New England, Corky is the author of Building Systems for Interior Designers, Second Edition; Materials for Interior Environments; Interior Design: A Survey; Field Guide to Commercial Interiors; and with Francis D.K. Ching, Interior Design Illustrated, Second Edition, all published by Wiley.

• PREFACE xi SECTION 1 DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND PROCESS 1CHAPTER 1 ENVIRONMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL ISSUESHuman Factors 3Anthropometrics and Ergonomics 3Human Behavior 10Wayfinding 11Mapping 11Wayfinding and Age 11Signage and Wayfinding Clues 12CHAPTER 2 ACOUSTICAL PRINCIPLESBasics of Acoustical Design 13Sound 13Frequency 13Sound Absorption Properties of Materials 13Room Acoustics 14Properties of Sound 14Use of Sound-Absorptive Materials 14Sound Transmission 15Transmission Loss 15Noise Reduction 15Sound Isolation 15Impact Noise Reduction 15Sound Control 17CHAPTER 3 ACCESSIBLE DESIGN BASICSAccessibility 18Definitions 18Accessibility Standards Terms 18ADA and FHAA Design Requirements 18Knee and Toe Clearances 19Reach Limits 20Protruding Objects 21Accessible Routes 22Components of Accessible Routes 22Location of Accessible Routes 22Floor and Ground Surfaces 22CHAPTER 4 SUSTAINABLE DESIGN BASICSSustainable Design Principles 24Depletion of Natural Resources 24Climate Change 24Principles 25Design Considerations 25Sustainability Strategies 25Energy 25Lighting and Daylight 25Water 25Sustainable Materials 25Indoor Air Quality 26Environmental Quality Terms 26Sick Building Syndrome 26Personal Control 26Interior Rating Systems and Certifications 27U.S. Green Building Council 27LEED Rating System 27CHAPTER 5 DESIGN BASICSEvidence-Based Design 29Computational Research 29Social Science Research 29Physical and Natural Science Research 29Building Codes 29Codes and Regulations Affecting Interiors 29International Building Code Provisions 30Programming 33Programming Process 33Contract Documents 34Contract Documents for Commercial Interiors 34Furniture, Furnishings, and Equipment Contracts 34Detailing Concepts 35Construction Specifications 37Computing Technologies 38Computer-Aided Design and Building Information Modeling 38Integrated Project Delivery 38Virtual Collaboration 38Future Developments 39Digital Fabrication 39SECTION 2 BUILDING ELEMENTS 41CHAPTER 6 BUILDING STRUCTURE AND SHELLSubstructure 43Wall Foundations 43Subgrade Enclosures 43Slabs on Grade 44Superstructure 45Seismic Considerations 45Superstructure Framing 46Floor Construction Assemblies 57Wood Floor Framing 57Steel Joist Floor Framing 59Floor Decks and Slabs 60Roof Construction 62Roof Types and Framing 62Shop-Fabricated Wood Trusses 63Glue-Laminated Construction 64Roof Decks, and Slabs 65Attic Ventilation 66Stairs and Ramps 66Stairs 66Handrails, Balustrades, and Guards 69Ramps 78Exterior Vertical Enclosures 79Exterior Wall Weather Barriers 79Exterior Enclosure Walls 80Roof Windows and Skylights 87CHAPTER 7 INTERIOR CONSTRUCTIONFire Resistive Construction 89Fire-Retardant Wood Treatment 89Fire-Resistance-Rated Assemblies 89Fire-Resistance-Rated Openings 91Board Fire Protection 93Penetration Firestop Systems 93Seismic Considerations 93Basic Seismic Design 93Seismic Detailing for Designers 94Interior Construction Components 95Gypsum Board Assemblies 95Concrete Masonry Units 114Architectural Concrete 116Stone Walls 117Glass Unit Masonry 118Prefabricated Partitions 120Windows and Glazing 125Interior Doors 131Entrances and Vestibules 148Raised Floor Construction 148Thermal and Moisture Protection 149Interior Finishes 150Interior Specialties 150Wall Finish Requirements 162Integral Wall Finishes 163Wood Wall Finishes 166Tile Wall Finishes 175Metal Wall Finishes 181Wall Surface Coverings 183Paints and Coatings 188Floor Design Considerations 190Hard Flooring 191Wood Flooring 198Resilient Flooring 201Resilient Flooring Installation 204Carpet, Carpet Tile, and Mats 205Ceilings 213Building Services 223Conveying Systems 223Plumbing Systems 231Mechanical Systems 247Fire Protection Systems 254Electrical Systems 259Lighting 265Communications Systems 272Security Systems 280CHAPTER 8 EQUIPMENT AND FURNISHINGSEquipment 283Toilet and Bath Equipment 283Vending Equipment 285Personal Care Equipment 286Laundry Facilities 288Teller and Service Equipment 290Cleaning and Recycling Equipment 292Furnishings 292Furnishing Contracts and Tests 292Textiles for Interior Furnishings 294Cabinetry and Casework 299Countertops 306Art and Accessories 313Furniture 315Plantings 318Window Treatments 321CHAPTER 9 INTERIOR PROJECT TYPESCommercial Spaces 326Offices 326Conference Rooms 343Residential Spaces 349Kitchens 349Furnishings and Equipment 354Residential Lighting 357Visitability 358Aging in Place 359Continuing Care Retirement Communities 365Healthcare Facilities 369Inpatient Hospitals 369Ancillary Departments 372Healthcare Casework 379Healthcare Furniture 381Retail Spaces 382Types of Retail Spaces 382Fixture Placement 382Retail Equipment 383Retail Lighting 383Hospitality Spaces 384Hotels 384Restaurants 390Educational Facilities 402Early Childhood and Kindergarten 402Elementary, Middle, and Junior High Schools 404High Schools 405Lecture Halls and Auditoriums 410Libraries 413Performance Spaces 419Planning Criteria 419Performance Equipment 421Museums 421Museum Design Considerations 421Museum Exhibit Casework 421Museum Lighting 423Museum Security 425Athletic and Fitness Spaces 425Courts, Alleys, and Rinks 425Gymnastics 426Table Sports and Darts 427Fitness Spaces 428Saunas and Steam Rooms 430Animal Care Facilities 431General Design Concept 431Animal Housing 431Adoption Facility 434Existing Building Interiors 435Historic Preservation, Restoration, and AdaptiveReuse 435Existing Hazardous Materials 436Recycling Construction and Demolition Waste 438APPENDIX Classical Interior Architectural Elements 439GLOSSARY 449INDEX 455